scholarly journals EFFECT OF SPOT WELD POSITION VARIATION ON QUALITY OF AUTOMOBILE SHEET METAL PARTS

2013 ◽  
pp. 170-174
Author(s):  
M.P. MALI ◽  
K.H. INAMDAR
Keyword(s):  
Welding Process ◽  
The Body ◽  
Spot Weld ◽  
Spot Welds ◽  
Factors Affecting ◽  
Sheet Metal Parts ◽  
Geometrical Quality ◽  
Welding Sequence ◽  
Geometrical Factors

Resistance spot welding is the most preferred and widely used method for joining metal sheets in automotive and many other industrial assembly operations. The body of a car is typically joined by thousands of spot welds. One of the many geometrical factors affecting the final geometrical outcome of the metal part assemblies is the welding process considering welding sequence used when the parts are welded together. The spot welds guarantee the strength of the car, but their positions also affect the geometrical quality of subassemblies and the final product. In practice, the positions of the weld points often deviate from nominal position. By analyzing industrial scanning data, deviations of spot weld positions are found to be of magnitudes up to 19 mm. In this paper, the influence of variation in position of spot welds is investigated with respect to geometrical quality, by simulating and analyzing the geometrical variation of an A-pillar assembly.

Strategies for Optimization of Spot Welding Sequence With Respect to Geometrical Variation in Sheet Metal Assemblies

2010 ◽  
Author(s):  
Kristina Wa¨rmefjord ◽  
Rikard So¨derberg ◽  
Lars Lindkvist
Keyword(s):  
Case Studies ◽  
Sheet Metal ◽  
Spot Welding ◽  
Optimal Sequence ◽  
Factors Affecting ◽  
Critical Dimensions ◽  
Sheet Metal Parts ◽  
Geometrical Quality ◽  
Welding Sequence ◽  
Geometrical Variation

During the assembly process of sheet metal parts, a lot of factors affect the final geometrical quality. It is important to have knowledge about the characteristics of as many as possible of those factors, not only to be able to reduce their effect, but also to be able to include those factors in variation simulations. Those tolerance simulations are crucial tools in early stages in automotive industry in order to predict the outcome in critical dimensions and it is of course important to have as good accuracy as possible in the simulations. One of the factors affecting the final geometry is the spot welding sequence. In this paper it is shown how the spot welding sequence affects the amount of geometrical variation in a sheet metal assembly. A method for including the welding sequence in tolerance simulations is described. Of course, it is desirable to find an optimal sequence, i.e. a sequence that minimizes the geometrical variation in the final assembly. Since this is a fast growing problem — the number of possible sequences for N welding points is N!, it is not practicable to test all possible sequences. In this work some different strategies for finding an optimal sequence are tested on several industrial case studies. The tested strategies are based on general guidelines, on minimizing variation in each welding step respectively calculations of the movements in unwelded points in each step. The strategies based on general guidelines was not successful, neither was the one based on minimization of the variation in each step. The strategy based on movements in the unwelded points seems however promising. It resulted in the best or one of the better sequences for all of the eight tested industrial case studies.

Evaluation of Nutritional Assessment Quality and Rate of Referral to A Dietitian in Shariati Hospital, Tehran, Iran: A Clinical Audit

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mohammadreza Emami ◽  
Meysam Zarezadeh ◽  
Mohammad Sharifzadeh ◽  
Zahra Fazelifarsani ◽  
Masoud Khorshidid
Keyword(s):  
Nutritional Assessment ◽  
The Body ◽  
Health Plans ◽  
Appetite Loss ◽  
Nutritional Screening ◽  
Factors Affecting ◽  
Second Phases ◽  
System Requirements ◽  
Two Phases

Background: Malnutrition is an acute or a chronic condition resulting from an imbalance in the intake, both in the form of undernutrition and over nutrition, leading to changes in the composition or reduced function of the body. Bio-social conditions and acute or chronic diseases are the most important factors affecting nutrition. It has been suggested that awareness of the prevalence and severity of malnutrition in hospitalized patients can be used by managers to understand the causes, health care system requirements, and health plans. Methods: Medical records of 483 patients from 11 different wards of Shariati general hospital were assessed to evaluate the quality of nutritional assessment and the rate of referral to nutrition experts by physicians. This study consisted of two phases: evaluation of initial nutritional assessment and assessing the accuracy of malnutrition screening forms completion. Results: Our study showed no initial nutritional assessment for 34% of the patients. Assessment of the accuracy of malnutrition screening showed that there was a considerable error in the reporting of BMI (66%), weight loss (51%), appetite loss (50%), and severity of the patient’s situation (39%). Also, the rate of referral to a nutritionist was 0% and 1% in the first and second phases of the study, respectively. Conclusion: The present study showed that the quality of nutritional screening and subsequent referral to nutrition experts for professional nutritional assessment is negligible in Shariati hospital, Tehran, Iran.

Optimizing spot welding parameters in a sheet metal assembly by neural networks and genetic algorithm

2007 ◽  
Vol 221 (7) ◽  
pp. 1175-1184 ◽  
Author(s):  
M Hamedi ◽  
M Shariatpanahi ◽  
A Mansourzadeh
Keyword(s):  
Neural Networks ◽  
Spot Welding ◽  
Welding Process ◽  
Welding Current ◽  
The Body ◽  
Welding Parameters ◽  
Automotive Body ◽  
Body In White ◽  
Assembly Operations

Deformation of the spot-welded sub-assemblies in assembly operations and the gap between the matching sub-assemblies have been quality concerns specifically in the automotive industry. Overall quality of the car body and its sub-assemblies, apart from quality of each stamped part, depends markedly on the welding process. This paper considers optimization of three important process parameters in the spot welding of the body components, namely welding current, welding time, and gun force. In this research, first the effects of these parameters on deformation of the sub-assemblies are experimentally investigated. Then neural networks and multi-objective genetic algorithms are utilized to select the optimum values of welding parameters that yield the least values of dimensional deviations in the sub-assemblies. Welding sub-assemblies with the optimized set of parameters brought all of them into the tolerance range. The proposed approach can be utilized in manufacturing sub-assemblies that can fit and match better with adjacent parts in the automotive body. It enhances quality of the joint and will result in improving overall quality of the body in white.

Efficient Spot Welding Sequence Optimization in a Geometry Assurance Digital Twin

2020 ◽  
Vol 142 (10) ◽  
Author(s):  
Roham Sadeghi Tabar ◽  
Kristina Wärmefjord ◽  
Rikard Söderberg ◽  
Lars Lindkvist
Keyword(s):  
Spot Welding ◽  
Welding Process ◽  
Combinatorial Problems ◽  
Optimal Sequence ◽  
Sequence Optimization ◽  
Digital Twin ◽  
Final Assembly ◽  
Geometrical Quality ◽  
Welding Sequence ◽  
The Individual

Abstract A digital twin for geometry assurance contains a set of analyses that are performed to steer the real production for securing the geometry of the final assembly. In sheet metal assemblies, spot welding is performed to join the parts together. The sequence of the welding has a considerable influence on the geometrical outcome of the final assembly. In industry, the sequence of welding to secure the geometry is mainly derived by tacit manufacturing knowledge. Including such knowledge to mimic the production process requires extensive knowledge management, and the result might be just a good enough solution. Theoretically, spot welding sequence optimization for the optimal geometrical quality is among NP-hard combinatorial problems. In a geometry assurance digital twin, where assembly parameters are selected for the individual assemblies, time constraints define the quality of the optimal sequence. In this paper, an efficient method for spot welding sequence optimization with regards to the geometrical quality is introduced. The results indicate that the proposed method reduces 60–80% of the time for the sequencing of the spot welding process to achieve the optimal geometrical quality.

HUBUNGAN KUALITAS PELAYANAN KESEHATAN TERHADAP TINGKAT KEPUASAN PASIEN PESERTA BPJS MANDIRI DI PUSKESMAS DELITUA KABUPATEN DELI SERDANG TAHUN 2018

2019 ◽  
Vol 1 (2) ◽  
pp. 48-52
Author(s):  
Selamat Ginting ◽  
Adi Arianto
Keyword(s):  
Public Health ◽  
Health Center ◽  
The Body ◽  
P Value ◽  
Factors Affecting ◽  
Public Health Center ◽  
Level Of Satisfaction ◽  
Quality Of Health Services ◽  
The Relationship

Health is a prosperous state of the body, soul, and social which is very possible for every individual to live productively in a social and economic way. Tests of research are to identify the relationship between the quality of health services to the level of satisfaction of BPJS Mandiri in Public Health Center Deli Tua Kab Deli Serdang. The research method uses an analytical survey type with a sample of 95 people. The results of the study are that there is a significant relationship between Tangible, reliability, responsiveness, assurance, empathy for the satisfaction of BPJS Mandiri in Public Health Center Deli Tua Kab Deli Serdang wit p-value(0.00). The conclusion in this study is that the most dominant factors affecting patient satisfaction are direct evidence of this indicated by the highest Exp (B) of 6,374

Welding sequence optimisation in the automotive industry: A review

2019 ◽  
Vol 233 (17) ◽  
pp. 5945-5952
Author(s):  
Varshan Beik ◽  
Hormoz Marzbani ◽  
Reza Jazar
Keyword(s):  
Automotive Industry ◽  
Spot Welding ◽  
Fast Rate ◽  
Welding Process ◽  
Future Research ◽  
Automotive Body ◽  
Welding Sequence ◽  
Common Technique ◽  
The Common

Spot welding is the most common technique used to join sheet metals in the automotive industry due to the fast rate of production. Optimising the welding process including the sequence, number and location of the welds would significantly improve the quality of the final product and production cost. This paper presents an overview on the available methods to plan and optimise various aspects of the welding process including welding sequence, weld quantity and location. Firstly, the welding concept in the automotive industry is briefly reviewed. Secondly, the welding process optimisation with emphasis on the welding sequence is discussed. The common gaps and challenges are identified and, lastly, future research to plan and optimise the welding sequence in the automotive body is outlined.

scholarly journals Production Automation as A Factor in Improving Product Quality in The Automotive Industry

2020 ◽  
pp. 1-25
Author(s):  
Ewa Kulińska ◽  
Dariusz Masłowski ◽  
Małgorzata Dendera-Gruszka ◽  
Lilianna Wojtynek ◽  
Konstanty Szeląg
Keyword(s):  
Product Quality ◽  
Spot Welding ◽  
Industrial Robot ◽  
Welding Process ◽  
Quality Parameters ◽  
The Body ◽  
Production Costs ◽  
Production Automation ◽  
The Impact

The automation of production is an important element in the functioning of any production enterprise. The aim of this article is to analyze the quality of the product made manually with the use of spot-welding machines and to analyze the quality of the product made by the industrial robot type "Fanuc Robotics S-420i". The analyzed product was the front panel of the body, made of semi-finished products in the spot-welding process. During the analysis, the impact of production automation on the product quality was found. Applications of the robotized welding process are used not only because of better quality parameters, but also because of the significant reduction of production costs and less fatigue of employees. The robot operator is a quality controller and contributes to quality management.

scholarly journals HUBUNGAN KUALITAS PELAYANAN KESEHATAN TERHADAP TINGKAT KEPUASAN PASIEN PESERTA BPJS MANDIRI DI PUSKESMAS DELITUA KABUPATEN DELI SERDANG TAHUN 2018

2019 ◽  
Vol 1 (2) ◽  
pp. 48-52
Author(s):  
Selamat Ginting ◽  
Adi Arianto
Keyword(s):  
Public Health ◽  
Health Center ◽  
The Body ◽  
P Value ◽  
Factors Affecting ◽  
Public Health Center ◽  
Level Of Satisfaction ◽  
Quality Of Health Services ◽  
The Relationship

Health is a prosperous state of the body, soul, and social which is very possible for every individual to live productively in a social and economic way. Tests of research are to identify the relationship between the quality of health services to the level of satisfaction of BPJS Mandiri in Public Health Center Deli Tua Kab Deli Serdang. The research method uses an analytical survey type with a sample of 95 people. The results of the study are that there is a significant relationship between Tangible, reliability, responsiveness, assurance, empathy for the satisfaction of BPJS Mandiri in Public Health Center Deli Tua Kab Deli Serdang wit p-value(0.00). The conclusion in this study is that the most dominant factors affecting patient satisfaction are direct evidence of this indicated by the highest Exp (B) of 6,374

Evaluation and Analysis of Risk Factors in FMEA Welding Workshops in Zabol City

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Maryam Ghaljahi ◽  
Farideh Najjari
Keyword(s):  
Welding Process ◽  
The Body ◽  
Control Measures ◽  
Health Centers ◽  
Risk Priority Number ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Factors Affecting ◽  
A Value ◽  
Fmea Method ◽  
Saw Blade

Background: Welding process is classified as one of the most widespread and widely used activities in industrial environments. Welding is one of the risky professions and the workers working in this sector are exposed to many risks. Identifying and evaluating the existing risks and managing them plays an important role in maintaining the health of workers and making their work environment healthier. The purpose of this study was to identify and evaluate the hazards caused by the use of devices in the welding process using the FMEA method in welding workshops in Zabol in 2021. Methods: This cross-sectional analytical study was performed on 77 welding workshops in Zabol. In this study, in the first step, the main risks in welding workshops were identified and based on FMEA logic, for each risk caused by the machines, three indicators of severity, probability and vulnerability were identified. Specified. Then the prioritization criterion was determined and based on the number obtained from the RPN index, the risks were prioritized. Results: The findings of this study showed that in terms of risk priority in welding workshops, the highest risk priority number (RPN) with 175 is related to welding pliers (and heating of the handle due to loss of handle insulation) and drill (breaking the drill due to use Improper drill and high pressure to the machine) and the lowest risk priority number (RPN) with a value of 12 related to the millstone handle (wasting of the screw connecting the handle to the body due to lack of timely service). The results also showed that the risk priority factor various factors affecting the severity of the hazard, including: breaking the saw blade, burning the welding lathe and hitting the pliers by hand in the welding machine also had high relative priorities. Conclusion: The results showed that based on the number of risks, a scheduled and regular schedule by labor inspectors and health centers and other related organizations to implement engineering control measures including control of chemical, physical, safety and ergonomic factors in the environment of welding workshops. Educate the employers of the workshops to get acquainted with the provisions of the labor law in welding and observe the mandatory laws, the need to use personal protective equipment, to be included in the list of strategic and practical programs.

The Influence of Welding Sequence on Welding Deformation of Sheet Metal Stamping

2015 ◽  
Vol 667 ◽  
pp. 168-172 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jiang Feng Shen ◽  
Yu Jing He ◽  
Yong Chang Yu
Keyword(s):  
Sheet Metal ◽  
High Efficiency ◽  
Low Cost ◽  
Welding Process ◽  
Joint Surface ◽  
Electrode Wear ◽  
Welding Deformation ◽  
Sheet Metal Parts ◽  
Joint Gap ◽  
Welding Sequence

Connection process of welding has many characteristics, such as high efficiency, simple and low cost. The change of welding sequence makes the stress and welding deformation changed, so welding sequence has larger influences for welding deformation. The proper welding sequence is important to reduce the deformation of the workpiece, improve the process quality of the product, reduce the electrode wear, increase the service life of welding machine. This paper according to the zhengzhou Nissan C16 models under the left engine cabin wall welding assembly, by comparison, different welding sequence draws the conclusion: in the welding process of sheet metal, irregular alloy steel workpiece thin will appear in size and shape in the stamping process, especially the two or more than two pieces of sheet metal combined welding to be used welding sequence suitable to reduce the deformation and error in the process of welding. For the sheet metal parts of irregular shape, with the gap bending degree and joint surface big welding area is the first welding object, to fit a small gap region is the second welding object, then from the big regional joint gap to fit clearance small area welded, solder joints of welding can be uniformly distributed, according to the results of the analysis to formulate reasonable welding sequence, can provide a theoretical basis for the formulation of welding technology in actual production. Therefore, welding sequence is particularly important.

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