INTERNET ACCESS IN REMOTE AREAS USING NXP MICROCONTROLLER AND GSM MODEM

In India and many developing and under-developed countries, providing internet facility to many school-going students is still a far-fetched concept. Also, in places like DRDO, DRDL and ISRO campuses, where internet is blocked due to security reasons, lack of internet causes many problems even to those who have blocked it. In places where natural calamities have struck or in warzones where the attacker has taken down the internet infrastructure, contacting loved ones through social forums or just accessing basic internet facilities is impossible. In this paper, which is based on our project, we propose a new system which circumvents the internet architecture by using GSM infrastructure to access internet services, albeit on a reduced scale. This can be done by using a GSM Modem interfaced to a microcontroller (NXP in this case.) The command sets of each service offered in the system are integrated in the source code. The GSM Modem is controlled through AT Commands and sends SMS messages to access internet services and receives information in the form of SMS messages. All subsystems in the module are interfaced to the microcontroller.

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Solar-Supplied Satellite Internet Access Point for the Internet of Things in Remote Areas

Sensors ◽

10.3390/s20051409 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 20 (5) ◽

pp. 1409

Author(s):

Angus Wong ◽

Yan Tai Chow

Keyword(s):

Internet Of Things ◽

Solar Energy ◽

Internet Access ◽

Access Point ◽

Satellite Communications ◽

The Internet ◽

Wireless Technology ◽

Internet Connectivity ◽

Remote Areas ◽

The Internet Of Things

As satellite communications provide ubiquitous coverage, they play a key role in providing Internet connectivity in remote or marginalized areas, so as to enable the vision of a truly global connectivity of the Internet of Things (IoT). However, these areas often lack reliable electricity supply. Thus, this paper proposes a satellite internet access point powered by solar energy, so that a stable Internet connection can be provided. The access point provides Wi-Fi coverage so that sensors, IoT, and devices can connect to the access point using the Wi-Fi, a common wireless technology. Our design took some cost-saving measures to make it affordable and selected the components that require minimal maintenance operations. The satellite access point costs about USD $500, and can provide four days of Internet connectivity without solar energy.

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The Internet Use for Autonomous Learning During COVID-19 Pandemic and its Hindrances

International Journal of Interactive Mobile Technologies (iJIM) ◽

10.3991/ijim.v15i18.24553 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 15 (18) ◽

pp. 65

Author(s):

Mister Gidion Maru ◽

Chris Caesar Pikirang ◽

Slamet Setiawan ◽

Elisabeth Z Oroh Oroh ◽

Noldy Pelenkahu

Keyword(s):

Internet Use ◽

Positive Attitude ◽

Internet Access ◽

Autonomous Learning ◽

The Internet ◽

Descriptive Research ◽

Internet Infrastructure ◽

North Sulawesi ◽

Attitudes Toward Learning ◽

Learning Practices

The outbreak of COVID-19 pandemic has brought the dependence on the online activities as new behaviors in various aspects of society including education. It defines the reliance upon internet access for learning practices and the tendency toward learning autonomy. Yet, the sudden emergence of the pandemic causes problematic circumstances for learners. Not all learners are ready to be autonomous and to have internet infrastructure. Within this context, the current study addresses learners’ attitudes toward learning autonomy and examines what hinder them to be autonomous. As a descriptive research, this study involves 101 respondents living in Bitung city, a fast growing and harbor city in North Sulawesi, Eastern Indonesia. They are asked to fill the kind of Likert questionnaire which constitutes the source of data which are statistically analyzed. The results indicates that learners dominantly show positive attitude toward the idea of being autonomous in this pandemic era. In addition, several factors such as bad signal, distraction, self-discipline and lack of motivation occupy the dominant factors hinder learners to establish learning autonomy.

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PELAYANAN PUBLIK DINAS PENANAMAN MODAL DAN PELAYANAN TERPADU SATU PINTU (DPMPTSP) KABUPATEN PONOROGO DENGAN SIJITU (SISTEM INFORMASI PERIZINAN TERPADU)

REFORMASI ◽

10.33366/rfr.v9i1.1346 ◽

2019 ◽

Vol 9 (1) ◽

pp. 82

Author(s):

Mai Puspadyna Bilyastuti

Keyword(s):

Qualitative Research ◽

Human Resources ◽

Public Service ◽

Research Method ◽

Access Network ◽

Internet Access ◽

Research Data ◽

The Internet ◽

The Public ◽

Remote Areas

Abstract: The purpose of this study was to describe and analyze the implementation of DPMPTSP Ponorogo Regency public services with SIJITU. The research method used is qualitative research, data collection techniques through interviews, documentation, and observation. The results showed that the implementation of online services based online with SIJITU had not run optimally as seen from the fact that there were not many people who used the online-based licensing service, because there were several barriers including ignorance of the public about the online licensing system. the internet access network has not fully supported (in some areas of Ponorogo Regency, especially remote areas, internet access is still difficult), and the limited human resources of DPMPTSP who have expertise in informatics and other supporting technical fields. Keywords: Public Service; integrated licensing Abstrak: Tujuan penelitian ini adalah untuk mendiskripsikan dan menganalisis pelaksanaan pelayanan publik DPMPTSP Kabupaten Ponorogo dengan SIJITU. Metode penelitian yang digunakan adalah penelitian kualitatif, teknik pengumpulan data melalui wawancara, dokumentasi, dan observasi. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa pelaksanaan pelayanan publik berbasis online dengan SIJITU belum berjalan secara maksimal terlihat dari belum banyaknya masyarakat yang memanfaatkan pelayanan perizinan berbasis online tersebut, karena adanya beberapa hambatan, antara lain ketidaktahuan masyarakat akan adanya sistem perizinan online, masyarakat belum memahami bagaimana cara menggunakan aplikasi online tersebut, akses jaringan internet belum sepenuhnya mendukung (di beberapa kawasan Kabupaten Ponorogo terutama daerah pelosok akses jaringan internet masih sulit), serta terbatasnya SDM DPMPTSP yang memiliki keahlian di bidang informatika dan bidang-bidang teknis pendukung lainnya. Kata kunci: Pelayanan Publik; Perizinan Terpadu

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Mobile Phones, Developing Countries and Learning

Mobile Technologies and Handheld Devices for Ubiquitous Learning ◽

10.4018/978-1-61692-849-0.ch008 ◽

2011 ◽

pp. 120-137

Author(s):

Elba del Carmen Valderrama Bahamóndez ◽

Albrecht Schmidt

Keyword(s):

Developing Countries ◽

Mobile Phones ◽

Learning Process ◽

Internet Access ◽

Developed Countries ◽

The Other ◽

The Internet ◽

Developing Regions ◽

The World ◽

Educational Applications

The Internet and computers are accessible to only half of the population in the world. For the other half, computers and the Internet are almost alien concepts. This half has no medium for gathering information, and they are computer illiterate. In addition, it is well-known, that the use of computers and the Internet, directly and indirectly, enhance the learning process. Therefore, students from under privileged areas of developing regions of the world are, clearly, at a disadvantage compared to their peers in developed countries. However, mobile phones could change this situation. In developing countries, mobile phones are far more accessible than computers or Internet access. This high accessibility together with the multiple functionalities of mobile phones, allow for the potential to build feasible educational applications that enhance the learning experiences of students in developing countries. Such opportunities enable the students’ experiences to be made proportionate to the other half of the world, with a real mechanism for gathering information.

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Desdobramentos de uma arquitetura do Data Center

Revista Prumo ◽

10.24168/revistaprumo.v6i09.1694 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 6 (9) ◽

Author(s):

Michel Zisman Zalis

Keyword(s):

Environmental Impact ◽

Data Center ◽

Digital Age ◽

The Internet ◽

Environmental Aspects ◽

Internet Architecture ◽

Internet Infrastructure ◽

Unequal Access ◽

Landscape Impacts

Resumo Este trabalho investiga os impactos ambientais, sociais, urbanos e paisagísticos decorrentes da infraestrutura da internet, a partir do estudo de caso da grande ressonância arquitetônica desse sistema: o Data Center, um tipo de edifício em ampla multiplicação que evidencia a fisicalidade de um sistema que se apresenta como nebuloso, onipotente e ubíquo. A partir de exemplos elegidos, instiga-se a desenvolver análises dessas arquiteturas hipertecnológicas, discutindo seus aspectos formais e sócio-ambientais. A centralidade vital da infraestrutura da internet em uma sociedade cada vez mais conectada reverbera desafios existentes, mas cada vez mais complexos, como processos de urbanização, acesso desigual à comunicação e alto impacto ambiental, integrando o debate dos possíveis caminhos do campo da arquitetura nos desdobramentos da era digital. Palavras-chave: Data Center; Infraestrutura; Arquitetura da Internet; Fisicalidade da Internet. Abstract This work investigates the environmental, social, urban, and landscape impacts resulting from the internet infrastructure, focusing on the case study of the great architectural resonance of this system: The Data Center — a type of building in wide multiplication that highlights the physicality of a system that presents itself as cloudy, omnipotent, and ubiquitous. Based on selected examples, it analyzes these hyper-technological architectures, discussing their formal and socio-environmental aspects. The vital centrality of internet infrastructure in an increasingly connected society reverberates existing but increasingly complex challenges, such as urbanization processes, unequal access to communication, and high environmental impact, integrating the debate on possible paths in the field of architecture in the developments of the digital age. Keywords: Data Center; Infrastructure; Internet Architecture; Internet’s physicality.

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Business-to-Consumer Electronic Commerce in Developing Countries

Encyclopedia of Information Science and Technology, Second Edition ◽

10.4018/978-1-60566-026-4.ch081 ◽

2011 ◽

pp. 489-494 ◽

Cited By ~ 2

Author(s):

Janet Toland ◽

Robert Klepper

Keyword(s):

Developing Countries ◽

Electronic Commerce ◽

Internet Access ◽

Developed Countries ◽

The Internet ◽

Less Developed Countries ◽

Public And Private ◽

Consumer Electronic ◽

The World ◽

Business To Consumer

Electronic commerce describes the process of buying, selling, transferring, or exchanging products, services, or information via computer networks including the Internet. In business-to-consumer electronic commerce, the sellers are organisations, and the buyers are individuals (Turban, Leidner, McLean, & Wetherbe, 2005). Business-to-consumer electronic commerce provides opportunities for less-developed countries to reduce transaction costs and bypass some of the intermediary linkages to connect to global supply chains (Molla & Licker, 2005). Though predictions vary, statistics seem to point to significant growth of the use of the Internet among businesses and consumers in developing countries in the next 10 years (Hawk, 2004). The focus here is to explore the potential for business-to-consumer electronic commerce in less-developed countries. The approach taken is to review the current worldwide usage of the Internet; to identify the factors necessary for e-readiness; to explore the barriers to business-to-consumer electronic commerce; and to identify strategies that can be adopted by both the public and private sectors to overcome these barriers. By the end of 2003, developing countries accounted for more than one third of new Internet users worldwide. Though Internet access is rapidly increasing, most residents of developing countries still have no access to the Internet. For example, Internet access in Africa is less than 2% in a population of over 900 million, the lowest rate of access in the world (Dunphy, 2000; UNCTAD, 2004). Businessto- consumer electronic commerce in less-developed countries will grow in the future, but progress will be slowed by technological, cultural, economic, political, and legal problems (Davis, 1999; Enns & Huff, 1999). Differences in e-readiness and related barriers to electronic commerce will sustain substantial differences between regions of the world, between countries within regions, between urban and rural areas within countries, and between the genders and age groups. Despite the difficulties, when the basic communications infrastructure is available, options do exist to undertake business-to-consumer electronic commerce in less-developed countries.

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Public libraries and the Internet 2008-2009: Issues, implications, and challenges

First Monday ◽

10.5210/fm.v14i11.2700 ◽

2009 ◽

Cited By ~ 6

Author(s):

John Carlo Bertot ◽

Paul T. Jaeger ◽

Charles R. McClure ◽

Carla B. Wright ◽

Elise Jensen

Keyword(s):

National Survey ◽

Public Libraries ◽

Internet Access ◽

The Internet ◽

Internet Services ◽

Library Service ◽

Global Recession ◽

The Many ◽

And Training

This paper presents an overview of methods, findings, issues, and implications from the 2008 Public Libraries and the Internet national survey, including comparisons to data from previous studies. Since 1994, these surveys have chronicled the expansion of the Internet as a primary library service. The 2008 survey includes key data about the many facets of public libraries as community Internet access, training, and service centers, from the number of workstations and connection speeds available to the most common Internet services and training. The findings from the 2008 survey reveal impacts of the global recession on public libraries and their ability to meet the needs and expectations of patrons, communities, and all levels of government.

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Implementasi Failover dengan Metode Recursive Gateway Berbasis Router Mikrotik Pada STMIK Atma Luhur Pangkalpinang

Jurnal Ilmiah Informatika Global ◽

10.36982/jig.v10i1.732 ◽

2019 ◽

Vol 10 (1) ◽

Author(s):

Dian Novianto ◽

Ellya Helmud

Keyword(s):

System Development ◽

Internet Access ◽

The Other ◽

The Internet ◽

Internet Services ◽

Development Method ◽

Plan Design ◽

Internet Gateway ◽

Flow Of Information

ABSTRACTThe flow of information that moves uninterruptedly is one of the needs of an organization, the internet makes information can flow quickly to support the activities of its users. However, the quality of the internet in Indonesia has not been so good because there is still a breakdown of internet services from ISPs to users. It is very important for the organization to maintain its activities to keep running normally when internet services are not available. One technique that can be used to overcome this problem is fail over against internet access, so that if one internet source is down it will automatically be switched to another internet source. Fail over is a technique that uses more than one internet gateway, where one link can be used as the main gateway and the other becomes a backup link. And the method that can be used is the recrusive gateway by defining check-gateways and differentiating distance values on each routing rule. And the system development method used is PPDIOO which has 6 stages, namely: prepare, plan, design, implement, operate, and optimize. The results of this research will be able to guarantee the availability of the internet in an organization, so that it can increase the productivity of an organization.Keywords : failover, recrusive gateway, mikrotikABSTRAKArus informasi yang bergerak tanpa terputus merupakan salah satu kebutuhan dari sebuah organisasi, internet membuat informasi dapat mengalir secara cepat untuk menunjang kegiatan para penggunanya. Akan tetapi kualitas internet di Indonesia belum begitu baik karena masih terjadi putusnya layanan internet dari ISP ke pengguna. Sangat penting bagi organisasi untuk menjaga kegiatan – kegiatannya untuk tetap berjalan normal ketika layanan internet sedang tidak tersedia. Salah satu teknik yang dapat digunakan untuk mengatasi masalah tersebut adalah fail over terhadap akses internet sehingga apabila salah satu sumber internet putus maka secara otomatis akan langsung di alihkan ke sumber internet lain. Fail over merupakan teknik yang menggunakan lebih dari satu gateway internet, dimana salah satu link dapat dijadikan sebagai gateway utama dan yang lain menjadi link cadangan. Dan metode yang dapat digunakan adalah recrusive gateway yaitu dengan mendefinisikan check-gateway dan membedakan nilai distance pada masing-masing rule routing. dan metode pengembangan sistem yang digunakan adalah PPDIOO yang memiliki 6 tahapan, yaitu: prepare, plan, design, implement, operate, dan optimize. Hasil dari penelitian ini nantinya dapat menjamin ketersediaan internet pada sebuah organisasi, sehingga dapat meningkatkan produktivitas kinerja sebuah organisasi.Kata kunci : failover, recrusive gateway, mikrotik

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Undesigning the Internet: An exploratory study of reducing everyday Internet connectivity

10.29007/s221 ◽

2018 ◽

Cited By ~ 1

Author(s):

Kelly Widdicks ◽

Tina Ringenson ◽

Daniel Pargman ◽

Vishnupriya Kuppusamy ◽

Patricia Lago

Keyword(s):

Exploratory Study ◽

Internet Use ◽

Future Research ◽

The Internet ◽

Internet Services ◽

Internet Connectivity ◽

Internet Infrastructure ◽

Everyday Lives ◽

Excessive Internet Use

Internet connectivity is seamlessly integrated into many of our everyday habits and activities. Despite this, previous research has highlighted that our rather excessive Internet use is not sustainable or even always socially beneficial. In this paper, we carried out an exploratory study on how Internet disconnection affects our everyday lives and whether such disconnection is even possible in today’s society. Through daily surveys, we captured what Internet use means for ten participants and how this varies when they are asked to disconnect by default, and re-connect only when their Internet use is deemed as necessary. From our study, we found that our participants could disconnect from the Internet for certain activities (particularly leisure focused), yet they developed adaptations in their lives to address the necessity of their Internet use. We elicit these adaptations into five themes that encompass how the participants did, or did not, use the Internet based on their necessities. Drawing on these five themes, we conclude with ways in which our study can inspire future research surrounding: Internet infrastructure limits; the promotion of slow values; Internet non-use; and the undesign of Internet services.

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"Internet Access as a New Human Right? State of the Art on the Threshold of 2020"

Przegląd Prawniczy Uniwersytetu im Adama Mickiewicza ◽

10.14746/ppuam.2018.8.03 ◽

1970 ◽

Vol 8 ◽

Author(s):

Łukasz Szoszkiewicz

Keyword(s):

State Of The Art ◽

Internet Access ◽

New Right ◽

The Internet ◽

Periodic Review ◽

Human Right ◽

Cultural Rights ◽

Internet Infrastructure ◽

Review Analysis ◽

The Right

The aim of this study is to analyze the role that the Internet plays in the enjoyment of human rights and answer the question of whether we may be in the process of recog-nizing a new right, namely the right to Internet access. The conclusions are built upon a quantitative and qualitative analysis of the Internet-related recommendations adopted by the UN treaty-based bodies in the period between 2007 and 2017. Moreover, the paper is supplemented by a brief overview of the relevant recommendations formulated under the mechanism of the Universal Periodic Review. Analysis of the content of rec-ommendations allowed them to be classified into two groups – the first one integrates recommendations that refer to the duty of non-interference, and the second concerns the duty to expand Internet infrastructure across the country. The article ends with a call for further investigation of the normative potential of Article 15(1)b of the International Covenant on Economic, Social and Cultural Rights, as this hitherto forgotten provision might shed a new light on the proposed right to Internet access.

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