scholarly journals Inhibitory Effect of Quassia amara Linn. Crude Bark Extract on Entamoeba histolytica in vitro

2014 ◽  
Vol 48 (4) ◽  
Author(s):  
Jayson C. Panganiban ◽  
Annarose L. Patupat ◽  
Jose Antonio T. Paulino ◽  
Grace G. Penserga ◽  
Mar Aristeo G. Poncio ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Entamoeba Histolytica ◽  
Inhibitory Effect ◽  
Bark Extract ◽  
Quassia Amara

...

scholarly journals Inhibitory Effect of the Stem Bark Extracts of Albizia chevalieri Harms on the Activity of Alpha-glucosidase Obtained from Aspergillus niger

2019 ◽  
pp. 1-10
Author(s):  
Abdulhafiz Damilola Oso ◽  
Idris Bello ◽  
Yusuf Sa’idu ◽  
Onu Andrew
Keyword(s):  
Ethyl Acetate ◽  
Competitive Inhibition ◽  
Stem Bark ◽  
Inhibitory Effect ◽  
Acetate Buffer ◽  
Bark Extract ◽  
Methanol Extracts ◽  
Glucosidase Activity ◽  
Alpha Glucosidase

The aim of the current study is to evaluate the inhibition of α-glucosidase activity by stem bark extract of Albizia chevalieri. The activity of alpha glucosidase was assayed in vitro using 50 mM acetate buffer pH 6.0 (prepared from acetic acid and sodium acetate) and various concentration of maltose (0.5 mM to 10 mM). Five test tubes, labeled TA – TE, each containing 1.5 ml of acetate buffer, 0.5 ml of alpha glucosidase and 0.5 ml of a known concentration of plant extract and control tubes (CA – CE) were assessed for Alpha glucosidase activity. The results showed that hexane, ethyl acetate and methanol extracts inhibited α-glucosidase activity. The results further indicated that the extracts act by competitive inhibition with inhibition constant of 232 mg/ml, 157 mg/ml and 67 mg/ml for hexane, ethyl acetate and methanol extracts, respectively. The value for the inhibition constants shows that there is a strong binding of the enzyme to the inhibitor as the polarity of solvent increases. The inhibitory activity of Albizia chevalieri may be due one or more of the phytochemicals present in the extracts.

scholarly journals INHIBITORY EFFECT OF A STANDARDIZED HYDROETHANOLIC EXTRACT OF TERMINALIA ARJUNA BARK ON ALPHA-AMYLASE ENZYMEINHIBITORY EFFECT OF A STANDARDIZED HYDROETHANOLIC EXTRACT OF TERMINALIA ARJUNA BARK ON ALPHA-AMYLASE ENZYME

2018 ◽  
Vol 11 (4) ◽  
pp. 366 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sushant A Shengule ◽  
Sanjay Mishra ◽  
Shweta Bodhale
Keyword(s):  
Inhibitory Activity ◽  
High Performance ◽  
Soxhlet Extraction ◽  
Inhibitory Effect ◽  
Alpha Amylase ◽  
Antidiabetic Activity ◽  
Bark Extract ◽  
Terminalia Arjuna ◽  
Hydroethanolic Extract

 Objective: The present study was initiated to screen the hydroethanolic bark extract for α-amylase inhibitory activity and standardization of the Terminalia arjuna for polyphenolic phytochemicals using high-performance liquid chromatography-photo diode array (HPLC-PDA) method.Methods: The T. arjuna bark sample was extracted with ethanol: water (70:30 v/v) using Soxhlet extraction. A Dionex P680 HPLC system was used to acquire chromatograms. The screening of extract of T. arjuna bark has performed for in vitro α-amylase inhibitory assay. Each experiment was repeated 3 times. All values were expressed mean ± standard deviation.Results: The content of arjunetin, arjungenin, gallic acid, ellagic acid, and quercetin was 0.47, 8.22, 2.443, 7.901, and 3.20 mg/g, respectively, in a hydroethanolic extract of T. arjuna. The hydroethanolic extract of T. arjuna bark and acarbose has shown an inhibitory activity with an IC50 value 145.90 and 62.35 μg/mL, respectively.Conclusion: The hydroethanolic extract T. arjuna bark demonstrates α-amylase inhibitory activity due to a synergistic effect of the phytochemical constituents present in it. This study suggests that one of the mechanisms of this plant for antidiabetic activity is through the inhibition of α-amylase enzyme.

Evaluation of the Proposed Inhibitory Effect of the Aqueous Stem-Bark Extract of Ficus exasperata on Uterine Preparations in vitro

2008 ◽  
Vol 5 (1) ◽  
pp. 94-97 ◽  
Author(s):  
E.E. Bafor ◽  
M. Nwiko ◽  
E.K.I. Omogbai ◽  
R.I. Ozolua ◽  
Z.A.M. Nworgu
Keyword(s):  
Stem Bark ◽  
Inhibitory Effect ◽  
Bark Extract ◽  
Stem Bark Extract

scholarly journals The Effect of Schinus terebinthifolius Raddi (Anacardiaceae) Bark Extract on Histamine-Induced Paw Edema and Ileum Smooth Muscle Contraction

2017 ◽  
Vol 2017 ◽  
pp. 1-10 ◽  
Author(s):  
Paulo Alexandre Nunes-Neto ◽  
Tadeu José da Silva Peixoto-Sobrinho ◽  
Edilson Dantas da Silva Júnior ◽  
Jamilka Leopoldina da Silva ◽  
Alisson Rodrigo da Silva Oliveira ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Smooth Muscle ◽  
Smooth Muscle Contraction ◽  
Inhibitory Effect ◽  
Experimental Models ◽  
Bark Extract ◽  
Paw Edema ◽  
Guinea Pig Ileum ◽  
Schinus Terebinthifolius

Schinus terebinthifolius Raddi (Anacardiaceae), popularly known as red aroeira, is used in traditional medicine to treat inflammatory, gastric, and respiratory disorders. The aim of this study was to evaluate the antihistaminic activity of S. terebinthifolius (St) bark extract by using in vivo and in vitro experimental models. The effects of St were investigated on contractions induced by histamine, carbachol, and potassium chloride in isolated guinea pig ileum. St was also studied in response to hind paw edema induced by histamine in rats. Experiments revealed that although St (250, 500, and 1,000 µg/mL) reduced the histamine-induced contractions by 9.1±1.8, 50.2±2.0, and 68.9±2.0%, respectively, it did not inhibit contractions induced by carbachol or KCl. The association of St (250 and 500 µg/mL) with hydroxyzine, an H1-antihistamine (0.125 and 0.250 µM), increased the inhibitory effect to 67.0±3.2 and 85.1±2.1%, respectively. Moreover, St (100, 200, and 400 mg/kg) decreased paw edema from its peak by 33.9, 48.4, and 54.8%, respectively, whereas hydroxyzine (70 mg/kg) inhibited the peak edema by 56.5%. Altogether, the results suggest that the bark extract of S. terebinthifolius has an antihistaminic effect (H1).

scholarly journals Antidiabetic Potential of Stem Bark Extract of Enantia chlorantha and Lack of Modulation of Its Therapeutic Efficacy in Diabetic Rats Co-Administered with Lisinopril

2021 ◽  
Vol 68 (1) ◽  
pp. 127-127
Author(s):  
Latifat Bolanle Ibrahim ◽  
Patience Funmilayo Idowu ◽  
Opemipo Adekanye Moses ◽  
Mutiu Adewunmi Alabi ◽  
Emmanuel Oladipo Ajani
Keyword(s):  
Lipid Profile ◽  
Stem Bark ◽  
Inhibitory Effect ◽  
Serum Glucose ◽  
Diabetic Rats ◽  
Bark Extract ◽  
Therapeutic Implications ◽  
Glucose Levels

This study validates the antidiabetic efficacy of Enantia chlorantha stem bark and the possible therapeutic implications of the co-administration of lisinopril and E. chlorantha in type 2 diabetic rats. E. chlorantha stem bark was extracted by cold maceration. The inhibitory effect of the plant on carbohydrate metabolizing enzymes and its antioxidative potentials were assessed in vitro. The extract exhibited α-amylase and α-glucosidase inhibitory activities and also showed antioxidative properties in vitro. Administration of the extract normalized fasting hyperglycemia in vivo by showing 47.24% reduction in blood glucose levels relative to untreated diabetic rats. Co-administration of E. chlorantha and lisinopril restored serum glucose and serum lipid profile levels. E. chlorantha stem bark displayed antidiabetic potentials as compared with a standard antidiabetic drug (metformin). The study also showed that the plant contained some bioactive compounds which we hypothesize might be responsible for the observed activities. Co-administration of the plant with lisinopril conferred no significant therapeutic advantage on the serum glucose level and lipid profile.

In vitro study of the interaction between human gut microbiota and herbal extracts using willow bark extract as an example

Planta Medica ◽  
2016 ◽  
Vol 81 (S 01) ◽  
pp. S1-S381
Author(s):  
EM Pferschy-Wenzig ◽  
K Koskinen ◽  
C Moissl-Eichinger ◽  
R Bauer
Keyword(s):  
Gut Microbiota ◽  
In Vitro Study ◽  
Vitro Study ◽  
Bark Extract ◽  
Herbal Extracts ◽  
Human Gut ◽  
Human Gut Microbiota ◽  
Willow Bark

Effect of Dipyridamole on Spontaneous Platelet Aggregation in Whole Blood Decreases with the Time After Venepuncture: Evidence for the Role of ADP

1987 ◽  
Vol 58 (02) ◽  
pp. 744-748 ◽  
Author(s):  
A R Saniabadi ◽  
G D O Lowe ◽  
J C Barbenel ◽  
C D Forbes
Keyword(s):  
Platelet Aggregation ◽  
Correlation Coefficient ◽  
Whole Blood ◽  
Blood Platelet ◽  
Inhibitory Effect ◽  
Time Interval ◽  
Adp Receptor ◽  
Spontaneous Platelet Aggregation

SummarySpontaneous platelet aggregation (SPA) was studied in human whole blood at 3, 5, 10, 20, 30, 40 and 60 minutes after venepuncture. Using a whole blood platelet counter, SPA was quantified by measuring the fall in single platelet count upon rollermixing aliquots of citrated blood at 37° C. The extent of SPA increased with the time after venepuncture, with a correlation coefficient of 0.819. The inhibitory effect of dipyridamole (Dipy) on SPA was studied: (a) 10 μM at each time interval; (b) 0.5-100 μM at 3 and 30 minutes and (c) 15 μM in combination with 100 μM adenosine, 8 μM 2-chloroadenosine (2ClAd, an ADP receptor blocker) and 50 μM aspirin. There was a rapid decrease in the inhibitory effect of Dipy with the time after venepuncture; the correlation coefficient was -0.533. At all the concentrations studied, Dipy was more effective at 3 minutes than at 30 minutes after venepuncture. A combination of Dipy with adenosine, 2ClAd or aspirin was a more effective inhibitor of SPA than either drug alone. However, when 15 μM Dipy and 10 μM Ad were added together, the inhibitory effect of Dipy was not increased significantly, suggesting that Dipy inhibits platelet aggregation independent of Ad. The increase in SPA with the time after venepuncture was abolished when blood was taken directly into the anticoagulant containing 5 μM 2ClAd. It is suggested that ADP released from the red blood cells is responsible for the increased platelet aggregability with the time after venepuncture and makes a serious contribution to the artifacts of in vitro platelet function studies.

In Vitro Effects of Ethanol on Rabbit Platelet Aggregation, Secretion of Granule Contents, and Cyclic AMP Levels in the Presence of Prostacyclin

1989 ◽  
Vol 61 (02) ◽  
pp. 254-258 ◽  
Author(s):  
Margaret L Rand ◽  
Peter L Gross ◽  
Donna M Jakowec ◽  
Marian A Packham ◽  
J Fraser Mustard
Keyword(s):  
Cyclic Amp ◽  
Inhibitory Effect ◽  
Rabbit Platelet ◽  
Inhibitory Effects ◽  
Low Concentrations ◽  
Rabbit Platelets ◽  
High Concentrations ◽  
In Vitro Effects ◽  
Aggregation Of Platelets

SummaryEthanol, at physiologically tolerable concentrations, inhibits platelet responses to low concentrations of collagen or thrombin, but does not inhibit responses of washed rabbit platelets stimulated with high concentrations of ADP, collagen, or thrombin. However, when platelet responses to high concentrations of collagen or thrombin had been partially inhibited by prostacyclin (PGI2), ethanol had additional inhibitory effects on aggregation and secretion. These effects were also observed with aspirin- treated platelets stimulated with thrombin. Ethanol had no further inhibitory effect on aggregation of platelets stimulated with ADP, or the combination of ADP and epinephrine. Thus, the inhibitory effects of ethanol on platelet responses in the presence of PGI2 were very similar to its inhibitory effects in the absence of PGI2, when platelets were stimulated with lower concentrations of collagen or thrombin. Ethanol did not appear to exert its inhibitory effects by increasing cyclic AMP above basal levels and the additional inhibitory effects of ethanol in the presence of PGI2 did not appear to be brought about by further increases in platelet cyclic AMP levels.

The Effect of Barbituric Acid Derivatives on Platelet Function in Vitro and in Vivo

1973 ◽  
Vol 30 (02) ◽  
pp. 315-326
Author(s):  
J. Heinz Joist ◽  
Jean-Pierre Cazenave ◽  
J. Fraser Mustard
Keyword(s):  
Platelet Aggregation ◽  
Platelet Function ◽  
Barbituric Acid ◽  
Platelet Rich Plasma ◽  
Inhibitory Effect ◽  
Primary Response ◽  
Sodium Pentobarbital ◽  
Barbituric Acid Derivatives

SummarySodium pentobarbital (SPB) and three other barbituric acid derivatives were found to inhibit platelet function in vitro. SPB had no effect on the primary response to ADP of platelets in platelet-rich plasma (PRP) or washed platelets but inhibited secondary aggregation induced by ADP in human PRP. The drug inhibited both phases of aggregation induced by epinephrine. SPB suppressed aggregation and the release reaction induced by collagen or low concentrations of thrombin, and platelet adherence to collagen-coated glass tubes. The inhibition by SPB of platelet aggregation was readily reversible and isotopically labeled SPB did not become firmly bound to platelets. No inhibitory effect on platelet aggregation induced by ADP, collagen, or thrombin could be detected in PRP obtained from rabbits after induction of SPB-anesthesia.

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