Androgenetic Alopecia and its Association with Metabolic Syndrome: A Systematic Review and Meta-analysis

Objectives. The study aimed to confirm the association between androgenetic alopecia (AGA) and Metabolic Syndrome (MetS). It also aimed to determine if early-onset AGA among males and AGA among females increases the risk of developing MetS, and if severity of AGA increases the odds of developing MetS. Methods. Observational studies from electronic databases were selected by the consensus of three independent review authors. The Newcastle-Ottawa Scale for assessing the quality of non-randomized studies in meta-analysis was used. Statistical analyses were accomplished using Review Manager software. Results. A total of 11 case-control studies, one prospective cohort study, and five cross-sectional studies were selected. In the meta-analysis of ten case-control studies and three cross-sectional studies (3840 participants), AGA was significantly correlated with MetS (OR 2.59, 95% CI 1.51 to 4.44; p<0.0005). Early-onset AGA among males (<35 years old) showed significant association (OR 3.69, 95% CI 2.15 to 6.33; p<0.00001). AGA among females also increased the odds of developing MetS (OR 5.59, 95% CI 2.06 to 15.12; p<0.0007). Moderate to severe AGA in males, Norwood-Hamilton IV or higher, was also significant (OR 1.65, 95% CI 1.12 to 2.42; p=0.01). The same trend was noted for females with Ludwig II and III (OR 5.82, 95% CI 2.54 to 13.34; p<0.00001). Conclusion. Although the pathophysiology still remains under investigation, the present study points to an association between AGA and MetS. It can be used as a marker to identify patients who should be screened for MetS and managed accordingly.

Download Full-text

The Association between Helicobacter pylori Infection and Irritable Bowel Syndrome: A Meta-Analysis

International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health ◽

10.3390/ijerph17072524 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 17 (7) ◽

pp. 2524

Author(s):

Yun-A Kim ◽

Yoon Jeong Cho ◽

Sang Gyu Kwak

Keyword(s):

Helicobacter Pylori ◽

Irritable Bowel Syndrome ◽

Meta Analysis ◽

Case Control ◽

Case Control Studies ◽

Cross Sectional ◽

Cross Sectional Studies ◽

H Pylori ◽

Irritable Bowel ◽

The Relationship

The association of Helicobacter pylori (H. pylori) infection with functional dyspepsia has been well studied. However, the data on the relationship between H. pylori infection and irritable bowel syndrome (IBS) are conflicting. This study aims to elucidate the association between H. pylori infection and IBS. PubMed, Cochrane Library, CINAHL and SCOPUS databases were searched to identify eligible English articles published up to December 2019. Cross-sectional studies, case–control studies and cohort studies reporting both prevalence of H. pylori infection and IBS were selected for the detailed review. The pooled odds ratio (ORs) and their 95% confidence interval (CI) were calculated. A total of 7269 individuals in four cross-sectional studies and six case-control studies were included. The prevalence of H. pylori infection ranged from 12.8% to 73.4% in the control group, and 9.7% to 72.1% in the IBS group. The combined OR for H. pylori infection was 1.10 (95% CI: 0.93–1.29, I2: 37.5%). In a subgroup analysis of IBS defined according to Rome criteria, the OR for H. pylori infection was 1.10 (95% CI: 0.93–1.30, I2 = 31.7%). In this meta-analysis, H. pylori infection was not significantly associated with IBS. Well-designed studies are needed to identify the relationship between H. pylori infection and IBS.

Download Full-text

The relationship between depression and risk of metabolic syndrome: a meta‐analysis of observational studies

Clinical Diabetes and Endocrinology ◽

10.1186/s40842-021-00117-8 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 7 (1) ◽

Author(s):

Yousef Moradi ◽

Ahmed N Albatineh ◽

Hassan Mahmoodi ◽

Reza Ghanei Gheshlagh

Keyword(s):

Metabolic Syndrome ◽

Observational Studies ◽

Meta Analysis ◽

Total Sample ◽

Cross Sectional ◽

Depressed Patients ◽

Newcastle Ottawa Scale ◽

Cross Sectional Studies ◽

The Relationship ◽

Ottawa Scale

Abstract Introduction The link between metabolic syndrome and depression has always been controversial. Different studies that have examined the relationship between metabolic syndrome and depression have reported different results. Therefore, the goal of the present study was to examine the association between depression and MetS by meta-analysis. Methods Embase, Scopus, PubMed, and ISI were searched for publications in English from January 1990 to February 2020. Search included cohort and cross-sectional studies aimed at examining the association between depression and MetS. The risk of bias was assessed by Newcastle-Ottawa Scale. Heterogeneity and publication bias were tested, subgroup analysis and meta-regression were conducted. Results 49 studies with total sample size 399,494 were analyzed. Results indicated the odds of MetS was higher in depressed compared to non-depressed individuals [OR: 1.48; 95 %CI: 1.33–1.64) vs. (OR: 1.38; 95 %CI: 1.17–1.64)]. For cross-sectional studies, depressed patients in Europe (OR = 1.35; 95 %CI: 1.47–1.99) were at higher odds of MetS compared to those in America and Asia. For cohort studies, depressed patients in America (OR = 1.46; 95 %CI: 1.16–1.84) were at higher odds of MetS than those in Europe. Cross-sectional studies indicated women with depression were at higher odds of MetS (OR = 1.95; 95 %CI: 1.38–2.74) compared to men. In both types of studies, the odds of MetS decreased with age. Conclusions Metabolic syndrome is more common in depressed compared to non-depressed individuals.

Download Full-text

Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease associated with biomass fuel use in women: a systematic review and meta-analysis

BMJ Open Respiratory Research ◽

10.1136/bmjresp-2017-000246 ◽

2018 ◽

Vol 5 (1) ◽

pp. e000246 ◽

Cited By ~ 35

Author(s):

Adama Sana ◽

Serge M A Somda ◽

Nicolas Meda ◽

Catherine Bouland

Keyword(s):

Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease ◽

Pulmonary Disease ◽

Meta Analysis ◽

Case Control ◽

Chronic Obstructive ◽

Case Control Studies ◽

Cross Sectional ◽

Obstructive Pulmonary Disease ◽

Biomass Smoke ◽

Cross Sectional Studies

IntroductionChronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) is a major and growing cause of morbidity and mortality worldwide. The global prevalence of COPD is growing faster in women than in men. Women are often exposed to indoor pollutants produced by biomass fuels burning during household activities.MethodsWe conducted a meta-analysis to establish the association between COPD and exposure to biomass smoke in women.Following Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses guidelines, we searched MEDLINE and Scopus databases in 31December 2016, with the terms: “wood”, “charcoal”, “biomass”, “solid fuels”, “organic fuel”, “biofuel”, “female”, “women”, “COPD”, “chronic bronchitis”, “emphysema”, “chronic obstructive pulmonary disease”. Studies were eligible if they were case–control or cross-sectional studies involving exposure to indoor biomass smoke, conducted at any time and in any geographic location. Fixed-effects or random-effects meta-analysis was used to generate pooled OR.Results24 studies were included: 5 case–control studies and 19 cross-sectional studies. Biomass-exposed individuals were 1.38 times more likely to be diagnosed with COPD than non-exposed (OR 1.38, 95% CI 1.28 to 1.57).Spirometry-diagnosed COPD studies failed to show a significant association (OR 1.20, 95% CI 0.99 to 1.40). Nevertheless, the summary estimate of OR for chronic bronchitis (CB) was significant (OR 2.11, 95% CI 1.70 to 2.52). The pooled OR for cross-sectional studies and case–control studies were respectively 1.82 (95% CI 1.54 to 2.10) and 1.05 (95% CI 0.81 to 1.30). Significant association was found between COPD and biomass smoke exposure for women living as well in rural as in urban areas.ConclusionsThis study showed that biomass smoke exposure is associated with COPD in rural and urban women.In many developing countries, modern fuels are more and more used alongside traditional ones, mainly in urban area. Data are needed to further explore the benefit of the use of mixed fuels for cooking on respiratory health, particularly on COPD reduction.

Download Full-text

Association of multiple sclerosis with vitiligo: a systematic review and meta-analysis

Scientific Reports ◽

10.1038/s41598-020-74298-0 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 10 (1) ◽

Author(s):

Meng-Han Shen ◽

Chau Yee Ng ◽

Kuo-Hsuan Chang ◽

Ching-Chi Chi

Keyword(s):

Multiple Sclerosis ◽

Cohort Studies ◽

Genetic Factors ◽

Meta Analysis ◽

Case Control ◽

Systemic Review ◽

Case Control Studies ◽

Cross Sectional ◽

Pooled Data ◽

Newcastle Ottawa Scale

Abstract Polyautoimmunity implicates that some autoimmune diseases share common etiopathogenesis. Some studies have reported an association between multiple sclerosis (MS) and vitiligo; meanwhile, other studies have failed to confirm this association. We performed a systemic review and meta-analysis to examine the association of MS with vitiligo. We searched the MEDLINE and Embase databases on March 8, 2020 for relevant case–control, cross-sectional, and cohort studies. The Newcastle–Ottawa Scale was used to evaluate the risk of bias of the included studies. Where applicable, we performed a meta-analysis to calculate the pooled odds ratio (OR) for case–control/cross-sectional studies and risk ratio for cohort studies with 95% confidence interval (CI). Our search identified 285 citations after removing duplicates. Six case–control studies with 12,930 study subjects met our inclusion criteria. Our meta-analysis found no significant association of MS with prevalent vitiligo (pooled OR 1.33; 95% CI 0.80‒2.22). Analysis of the pooled data failed to display any increase of prevalent vitiligo in MS patients compared with controls. Ethnic and genetic factors may play an important role for sporadically observed associations between MS and vitiligo. Future studies of this association should therefore consider stratification by ethnic or genetic factors.

Download Full-text

Neurology and neuropsychiatry of COVID-19: a systematic review and meta-analysis of the early literature reveals frequent CNS manifestations and key emerging narratives

Journal of Neurology Neurosurgery & Psychiatry ◽

10.1136/jnnp-2021-326405 ◽

2021 ◽

pp. jnnp-2021-326405

Author(s):

Jonathan P Rogers ◽

Cameron J Watson ◽

James Badenoch ◽

Benjamin Cross ◽

Matthew Butler ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Systematic Review ◽

Cohort Studies ◽

Meta Analysis ◽

Neuropsychiatric Symptoms ◽

Case Series ◽

Case Control ◽

Case Control Studies ◽

Cross Sectional ◽

Early Literature ◽

Cross Sectional Studies

There is accumulating evidence of the neurological and neuropsychiatric features of infection with SARS-CoV-2. In this systematic review and meta-analysis, we aimed to describe the characteristics of the early literature and estimate point prevalences for neurological and neuropsychiatric manifestations. We searched MEDLINE, Embase, PsycINFO and CINAHL up to 18 July 2020 for randomised controlled trials, cohort studies, case-control studies, cross-sectional studies and case series. Studies reporting prevalences of neurological or neuropsychiatric symptoms were synthesised into meta-analyses to estimate pooled prevalence. 13 292 records were screened by at least two authors to identify 215 included studies, of which there were 37 cohort studies, 15 case-control studies, 80 cross-sectional studies and 83 case series from 30 countries. 147 studies were included in the meta-analysis. The symptoms with the highest prevalence were anosmia (43.1% (95% CI 35.2% to 51.3%), n=15 975, 63 studies), weakness (40.0% (95% CI 27.9% to 53.5%), n=221, 3 studies), fatigue (37.8% (95% CI 31.6% to 44.4%), n=21 101, 67 studies), dysgeusia (37.2% (95% CI 29.8% to 45.3%), n=13 686, 52 studies), myalgia (25.1% (95% CI 19.8% to 31.3%), n=66 268, 76 studies), depression (23.0% (95% CI 11.8% to 40.2%), n=43 128, 10 studies), headache (20.7% (95% CI 16.1% to 26.1%), n=64 613, 84 studies), anxiety (15.9% (5.6% to 37.7%), n=42 566, 9 studies) and altered mental status (8.2% (95% CI 4.4% to 14.8%), n=49 326, 19 studies). Heterogeneity for most clinical manifestations was high. Neurological and neuropsychiatric symptoms of COVID-19 in the pandemic’s early phase are varied and common. The neurological and psychiatric academic communities should develop systems to facilitate high-quality methodologies, including more rapid examination of the longitudinal course of neuropsychiatric complications of newly emerging diseases and their relationship to neuroimaging and inflammatory biomarkers.

Download Full-text

The neurology and neuropsychiatry of COVID-19: a systematic review and meta-analysis of the early literature reveals frequent CNS manifestations and key emerging narratives

10.1101/2021.02.24.21252335 ◽

2021 ◽

Author(s):

Jonathan P Rogers ◽

Cameron Watson ◽

James Badenoch ◽

Benjamin Cross ◽

Matthew Butler ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Systematic Review ◽

Cohort Studies ◽

Meta Analysis ◽

Neuropsychiatric Symptoms ◽

Case Series ◽

Case Control ◽

Case Control Studies ◽

Cross Sectional ◽

Early Literature ◽

Cross Sectional Studies

Objectives There is accumulating evidence of the neurological and neuropsychiatric features of infection with SARS-CoV-2. In this systematic review and meta-analysis, we aimed to describe the characteristics of the early literature and estimate point prevalences for neurological and neuropsychiatric manifestations. Methods We searched MEDLINE, Embase, PsycInfo and CINAHL up to 18 July 2020 for randomised controlled trials, cohort studies, case-control studies, cross-sectional studies and case series. Studies reporting prevalences of neurological or neuropsychiatric symptoms were synthesised into meta-analyses to estimate pooled prevalence. Results 13,292 records were screened by at least two authors to identify 215 included studies, of which there were 37 cohort studies, 15 case-control studies, 80 cross-sectional studies and 83 case series from 30 countries. 147 studies were included in the meta-analysis. The symptoms with the highest prevalence were anosmia (43.1% [35.2-51.3], n=15,975, 63 studies), weakness (40.0% [27.9-53.5], n=221, 3 studies), fatigue (37.8% [31.6-44.4], n=21,101, 67 studies), dysgeusia (37.2% [30.0-45.3], n=13,686, 52 studies), myalgia (25.1% [19.8-31.3], n=66.268, 76 studies), depression (23.0 % [11.8-40.2], n=43,128, 10 studies), headache (20.7% [95% CI 16.1-26.1], n=64,613, 84 studies), anxiety (15.9% [5.6-37.7], n=42,566, 9 studies) and altered mental status (8.2% [4.4-14.8], n=49,326, 19 studies). Heterogeneity for most clinical manifestations was high. Conclusions Neurological and neuropsychiatric symptoms of COVID-19 in the pandemic's early phase are varied and common. The neurological and psychiatric academic communities should develop systems to facilitate high-quality methodologies, including more rapid examination of the longitudinal course of neuropsychiatric complications of newly emerging diseases and their relationship to neuroimaging and inflammatory biomarkers.

Download Full-text

Asthma and metabolic syndrome: a comprehensive systematic review and meta-analysis of observational studies

Journal of Cardiovascular and Thoracic Research ◽

10.34172/jcvtr.2020.20 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 12 (2) ◽

pp. 120-128

Author(s):

Nahid Karamzad ◽

Neda Izadi ◽

Sarvin Sanaie ◽

Elham Ahmadian ◽

Aziz Eftekhari ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Metabolic Syndrome ◽

Observational Studies ◽

Meta Analysis ◽

Insulin Resistance Syndrome ◽

Case Control ◽

Healthy Controls ◽

Case Control Studies ◽

Prevalence Odds Ratio ◽

Cross Sectional ◽

Random Effects Models

Introduction : This study aimed to perform a meta-analysis on the prevalence of metabolic syndrome (MetS) among patients with asthma and to measure the association asthma has with MetS. Methods: The Web of Science, Medline, Scopus, Embase and Google Scholar were searched using the "Asthma", "Metabolic Syndrome", "Dysmetabolic Syndrome", "Cardiovascular Syndrome", "Insulin Resistance Syndrome", "Prevalence", "Odds Ratio", "Cross-Sectional Studies", and "Case-Control Studies" keywords. All observational studies reporting the prevalence of MetS among people with and without asthma were included in the study. In the presence of heterogeneity, random-effects models were used to pool the prevalence and odds ratios (OR), as measures of association in cross-sectional and case-control/ cohort studies, respectively. Results: The prevalence of MetS among patients with asthma (8 studies) and the OR comparing the prevalence of MetS among patients with and without asthma (5 studies) were pooled separately. The pooled prevalence of MetS among patients with asthma was found to be 25% (95% confidence interval (CI): 13%–38%). In contrast, the overall pooled OR for MetS in patients with asthma, compared to healthy controls, was 1.34 (95% CI: 0.91–1.76), which was not statistically significant. Conclusion: The prevalence of MetS was relatively high in patients with asthma. Furthermore, the odds of MetS was higher in patients with asthma, compared to healthy controls, although this difference was not statistically significant. More original studies among different populations are needed in order to more accurately examine the association between asthma and MetS, as well as the relationship asthma has with the individual components of MetS.

Download Full-text

Caffeine Intake from Coffee or Tea and Cognitive Disorders: A Meta-Analysis of Observational Studies

Neuroepidemiology ◽

10.1159/000371710 ◽

2015 ◽

Vol 44 (1) ◽

pp. 51-63 ◽

Cited By ~ 29

Author(s):

Young-Seok Kim ◽

Sang Mi Kwak ◽

Seung-Kwon Myung

Keyword(s):

Cohort Studies ◽

Meta Analysis ◽

Cognitive Disorders ◽

Epidemiological Studies ◽

Case Control ◽

Caffeine Intake ◽

Case Control Studies ◽

Coffee Intake ◽

Cross Sectional ◽

Cross Sectional Studies

Background: Observational epidemiological studies such as cross-sectional, case-control, and cohort studies have reported inconsistent findings regarding the association between caffeine intake from coffee or tea and the risk of cognitive disorders such as dementia, Alzheimer's disease, cognitive impairment, and cognitive decline. Methods: We searched PubMed and EMBASE in September 2014. Three evaluators independently extracted and reviewed articles, based on predetermined selection criteria. Results: Out of 293 articles identified through the search and bibliographies of relevant articles, 20 epidemiological studies from 19 articles, which involved 31,479 participants (8,398 in six cross-sectional studies, 4,601 in five case-control studies, and 19,918 in nine cohort studies), were included in the final analysis. The pooled odds ratio (OR) or relative risk (RR) of caffeine intake from coffee or tea for cognitive disorders (dementia, Alzheimer's disease, cognitive impairment, and cognitive decline) was 0.82 (95% confidence interval [CI], 0.67-1.01, I2 = 63.2%) in a random-effects meta-analysis. In the subgroup meta-analysis by caffeine sources, the summary OR or RR of coffee intake was 0.83 (95% CI, 0.70-0.98; I2 = 44.8%). However, in the subgroup meta-analysis by study design, the summary estimates (RR or OR) of coffee intake for cognitive disorders were 0.70 (95% CI, 0.50-0.98; I2 = 42.0%) for cross-sectional studies, 0.82 (95% CI, 0.55-1.24; I2 = 33.4%) for case-control studies, and 0.90 (95% CI, 0.59-1.36; I2 = 60.0%) for cohort studies. Conclusions: This meta-analysis found that caffeine intake from coffee or tea was not associated with the risk of cognitive disorders.

Download Full-text

Association Between Prediabetes and Erectile Dysfunction: A Meta-Analysis

Frontiers in Endocrinology ◽

10.3389/fendo.2021.733434 ◽

2022 ◽

Vol 12 ◽

Author(s):

Mingyu Jin ◽

Shaoying Yuan ◽

Bo Wang ◽

Luqi Yi ◽

Chenxia Wang

Keyword(s):

Erectile Dysfunction ◽

Observational Studies ◽

Meta Analysis ◽

Random Effect Model ◽

Case Control ◽

Case Control Studies ◽

Cross Sectional ◽

Increased Risk ◽

Subgroup Analyses ◽

Cross Sectional Studies

BackgroundDiabetes has been associated with the increased risk of erectile dysfunction (ED). However, previous studies evaluating the association between prediabetes and ED showed inconsistent results. We performed a meta-analysis of observational studies to systematically evaluate the above association.MethodsRelevant observational studies were retrieved by search of PubMed, Embase, and Web of Science databases. A random-effect model which incorporated the potential intra-study heterogeneity was used for the meta-analysis. Subgroup analyses were performed to evaluate the influences of study characteristics on the outcome.ResultsNine studies (five matched case-control studies and four cross-sectional studies) were included. Age were adjusted or matched in all of the studies. Pooled results showed that compared to men with normoglycemia, men with prediabetes were associated with higher prevalence of ED (odds ratio = 1.62, 95% confidence interval: 1.28 to 2.07, P < 0.001; I2 = 78%). Subgroup analyses showed that the association was not significantly affected by definition of prediabetes, diagnostic tool for ED, or controlling of additional variables besides age (both P for subgroup difference > 0.05). However, the association between prediabetes and ED seemed to be stronger in case-control studies than that in cross-sectional studies, and in studies with younger men (mean age < 50 years) than in those with older men (mean age ≥ 50 years; both P for subgroup difference < 0.05).ConclusionsPrediabetes is associated with higher prevalence of ED, which may be independent of age of the males and may be stronger in young men.

Download Full-text

The Effect of Prophylactic HPV Vaccines on Oral and Oropharyngeal HPV Infection—A Systematic Review

Viruses ◽

10.3390/v13071339 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 13 (7) ◽

pp. 1339

Author(s):

Kristoffer Juul Nielsen ◽

Kathrine Kronberg Jakobsen ◽

Jakob Schmidt Jensen ◽

Christian Grønhøj ◽

Christian Von Buchwald

Keyword(s):

Cohort Study ◽

Oropharyngeal Cancer ◽

Hpv Infection ◽

Case Control ◽

Igg Antibodies ◽

Hpv Vaccines ◽

Case Control Studies ◽

Cross Sectional ◽

Post Vaccination ◽

Cross Sectional Studies

Human papillomavirus (HPV) imposes an increased risk of developing cervical, anal and oropharyngeal cancer. In the Western world, HPV infection is currently the major cause of oropharyngeal cancer. The effectiveness of HPV vaccines for oral or oropharyngeal HPV infection is yet to be determined. This study conducted a systematic literature search in Pubmed and Embase. Studies investigating the impact of HPV vaccines on oral or oropharyngeal HPV infection were enrolled. This review reports the relative prevention percentage (RPP), including a risk of bias assessment as well as a quality assessment study. Nine studies were included (48,777 participants): five cross-sectional studies; one randomized community trial study (RCT); one longitudinal cohort study; and two case-control studies. A significant mean RPP of 83.9% (66.6–97.8%) was calculated from the cross-sectional studies, 82.4% in the included RCT and 83% in the longitudinal cohort study. Further, two case-control studies that measured antibody response in participants immunized with HPV vaccines were included. Respectively, 100% and 93.2% of participants developed HPV-16 Immunoglobulin G (IgG) antibodies in oral fluids post-vaccination. Analysis of the studies identified a significant decrease in vaccine-type oral or oropharyngeal HPV infections in study participants immunized with HPV vaccines across study designs and heterogenous populations. Further, a significant percentage of participants developed IgG antibodies in oral fluid post-vaccination.

Download Full-text