scholarly journals Trichotillomania Masked by Diffuse Alopecia Areata: A Case Report

2021 ◽  
Vol 55 (5) ◽  
Author(s):  
Val Constantine S. Cua ◽  
Felix Paolo J. Lizarondo ◽  
Claudine Y. Silva
Keyword(s):  
Alopecia Areata ◽  
Scalp Hair ◽  
Hair Pulling ◽  
Hair Density ◽  
History Of ◽  
Varying Length ◽  
Anagen Hair ◽  
Previously Treated ◽  
Lymphocytic Infiltrates ◽  
Hair Diseases

An 11-year-old girl previously treated for tinea capitis presented a 3-month history of continuous decrease in hair density on the vertex, frontal, and parieto-temporal areas of the scalp. Hair pull test was negative. Trichoscopic findings showed black dots, micro-exclamation point hairs, regrowing vellus hair, and zigzag hairs. Histopathology showed CD3+ peribulbar lymphocytic infiltrates and occasional eosinophils around the anagen hair follicle consistent with a non-scarring alopecia. A diagnosis of diffuse alopecia areata was made. Patient was given methylprednisolone (0.5 mg/kg/day) for 2 weeks and noted marked increase in hair density except on focal areas of the scalp. Patient eventually admitted to occasional hair pulling. Trichoscopy revealed trichoptilosis, V-sign, tulip hairs, and multiple broken hairs of varying length while a second biopsy showed trichomalacia and pigment casts consistent with trichotillomania. In this case, where co-existence of alopecia areata and trichotillomania is considered to be uncommon, trichoscopy proved to be an important tool in differentiating hair disorders with similar presentation. Knowing key features of hair diseases can help elucidate the diagnosis when presented with an atypical case.

scholarly journals Complete pathological response to olaparib and bevacizumab in advanced cervical cancer following chemoradiation in a BRCA1 mutation carrier: a case report

2021 ◽  
Vol 15 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Rosa Montero-Macias ◽  
Meriem Koual ◽  
Céline Crespel ◽  
Marie Aude Le Frére-Belda ◽  
Hélène Blons Hélène ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Cervical Cancer ◽  
Maintenance Treatment ◽  
Brca1 Mutation ◽  
Locally Advanced ◽  
Pathological Response ◽  
Advanced Cervical Cancer ◽  
Complete Pathological Response ◽  
Polymerase Inhibitors ◽  
History Of ◽  
Previously Treated

Abstract Background Homologous recombination deficiency is a marker of response to poly(ADP-ribose) polymerase inhibitors in different cancer types including ovary, prostate, and pancreatic cancer. To date, no report about poly(ADP-ribose) polymerase inhibitors has been published on cervical cancer. Case presentation Here we present the case of a patient with cervical cancer treated in this setting. A 49-year-old woman diagnosed with International Federation of Obstetricians and Gynecologists stage 2018 IIIC2 locally advanced undifferentiated cervical cancer received first-line chemoradiotherapy followed by carboplatin, paclitaxel, and bevacizumab with partial response. Because of a family history of cancers, the patient was tested and found positive for a pathogenic BRCA1 germline and somatic mutation, which motivated bevacizumab plus olaparib maintenance treatment. A simple hysterectomy was performed after 2 years stable disease; pathological report showed complete pathological response, and 12 months follow-up showed no recurrence. Conclusion Poly(ADP-ribose) polymerase inhibitors could be an alternative maintenance treatment for patients with persistent advanced cervical cancer previously treated with platinum, especially when familial history of cancers is reported. Clinical trials using poly(ADP-ribose) polymerase inhibitors for advanced cervical cancer are warranted.

scholarly journals Pulmonary aspergilloma on transthoracic ultrasound

Infection ◽  
2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Lisa C. Ruby ◽  
Rajagopal Kadavigere ◽  
Shubha Sheshadri ◽  
Kavitha Saravu ◽  
Sabine Bélard
Keyword(s):  
Pulmonary Tuberculosis ◽  
Point Of Care ◽  
Computed Tomography Imaging ◽  
Imaging Tool ◽  
Irregular Border ◽  
History Of ◽  
Chest X Ray ◽  
Previously Treated ◽  
Pulmonary Aspergilloma ◽  
Transthoracic Ultrasound

Abstract Purpose Pulmonary aspergilloma affects immunocompromised patients but is also a recurrent condition in patients previously treated for pulmonary tuberculosis. Methods and Results We report the case of a 45-year-old patient with a history of cured pulmonary tuberculosis 15 years earlier in whom we visualized pulmonary aspergilloma by transthoracic lung sonography. Sonography of pulmonary aspergilloma demonstrated an oval cavity with hypoechoic contents and an irregular border, measuring a diameter of 4.7 cm; inside the lesion, a roundish structure with an anechoic rim was discernable. Conclusions The sonographic findings corresponded to chest X-ray and computed tomography imaging in this patient and to previously reported sonographic characteristics of mycotic abscesses in other organs. Lung ultrasound may be a tool to identify pulmonary aspergilloma, especially as a point-of-care imaging tool and where other imaging modalities are inaccessible.

scholarly journals Exacerbation of alopecia areata: A possible complication of sodium tetradecyl sulphate foam sclerotherapy treatment for varicose veins

2017 ◽  
Vol 5 ◽  
pp. 2050313X1771264 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mark S Whiteley ◽  
Victoria C Smith
Keyword(s):  
Alopecia Areata ◽  
Varicose Veins ◽  
Clinical Score ◽  
Severe Exacerbation ◽  
Hormonal Changes ◽  
Foam Sclerotherapy ◽  
Endovenous Laser Ablation ◽  
Pelvic Vein ◽  
History Of ◽  
Sodium Tetradecyl Sulphate

A 40-year-old woman with a history of alopecia areata related to stress or hormonal changes was treated for bilateral primary symptomatic varicose veins (CEAP clinical score C2S) of pelvic origin, using a staged procedure. Her first procedure entailed pelvic vein embolisation of three pelvic veins using 14 coils and including foam sclerotherapy of the tributaries, using 3% sodium tetradecyl sulphate. Following this procedure, she had an exacerbation of alopecia areata with some moderate shedding of hair. Subsequently, she underwent endovenous laser ablation under local anaesthetic without incident. Seven months after the pelvic vein embolisation, she underwent foam sclerotherapy of leg and labial varicose veins using sodium tetradecyl sulphate. Two days following this procedure, she had a severe exacerbation of alopecia areata with gross shedding of hair. These two episodes of exacerbation of alopecia areata appear to be associated with sodium tetradecyl sulphate foam sclerotherapy of veins.

scholarly journals A Case of a Laryngeal MALT Lymphoma in a Patient with a History of Gastric MALT

2015 ◽  
Vol 2015 ◽  
pp. 1-6 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mark Ashamalla ◽  
Marita S. Teng ◽  
Joshua Brody ◽  
Elizabeth Demicco ◽  
Rahul Parikh ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
African American ◽  
Malt Lymphoma ◽  
African American Woman ◽  
American Woman ◽  
Complete Response ◽  
Gastric Malt Lymphoma ◽  
Rare Presentation ◽  
Original Diagnosis ◽  
History Of ◽  
Previously Treated

We are reporting a case of a 62-year-old African American woman with a history of gastric MALT lymphoma successfully treated with radiation who presented with a laryngeal MALT lymphoma 4 years after her original diagnosis. She received definitive radiation with a complete response. The case presented is unique for the rare presentation of a MALT lymphoma in the larynx, especially in light of the patient’s previously treated gastric MALT lymphoma years ago.

scholarly journals High Long-Term Cortisol Levels, Measured in Scalp Hair, Are Associated With a History of Cardiovascular Disease

2013 ◽  
Vol 98 (5) ◽  
pp. 2078-2083 ◽  
Author(s):  
L. Manenschijn ◽  
L. Schaap ◽  
N. M. van Schoor ◽  
S. van der Pas ◽  
G. M. E. E. Peeters ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Cardiovascular Disease ◽  
Scalp Hair ◽  
History Of ◽  
Cortisol Levels

scholarly journals Clinical trends of scalp alopecia areata: a tertiary care hospital based observational study

2020 ◽  
Vol 6 (2) ◽  
pp. 193
Author(s):  
Pallavi Singh ◽  
Milind A. Patvekar ◽  
Bhavika Shah ◽  
Alisha Mittal ◽  
Asmita Kapoor
Keyword(s):  
Family History ◽  
Observational Study ◽  
Alopecia Areata ◽  
Tertiary Care Hospital ◽  
Past History ◽  
Tertiary Care ◽  
Disease Onset ◽  
Epidemiological Data ◽  
Care Hospital ◽  
History Of

<p class="abstract"><strong>Background:</strong> Alopecia areata is one of the commonest types of non-scarring alopecia involving the scalp and/or body. As there is paucity of recent epidemiological data from our country, this study was conducted to determine the latest clinical and epidemiological trends of scalp alopecia areata.</p><p class="abstract"><strong>Methods:</strong> A hospital-based observational study consisting of 100 cases of clinically diagnosed scalp alopecia areata who reported to the Dermatology OPD, Dr. D.Y. Patil Medical College, Pune, was conducted for a period of six months. Socio-demographic and clinical information was collected and clinical examination was performed on all patients. The data was evaluated using appropriate statistical methods.<strong></strong></p><p class="abstract"><strong>Results:</strong> Out of the 100 cases enrolled, males (64%) outnumbered females (36%). The commonest presenting age group was 21-30 years (44%). Disease onset was sudden in 80% patients and 59% cases had a progressive disease course. Majority (75%) had a disease duration of less than 3 months. Majority cases were asymptomatic (80%) with no precipitating factors (90%). Past history and family history of alopecia areata were present in 13% and 9% cases, respectively. Personal and family history of associated diseases were present in 27% and 22% patients, respectively. Most patients had single (61%), patchy (83%) lesions with occiput (45%) being the commonest initial site. Nail changes were present in 22% cases, of which pitting (13%) was the commonest nail finding.</p><p class="abstract"><strong>Conclusions:</strong> This study reflects the clinical profile of scalp alopecia areata in a tertiary care hospital.</p>

scholarly journals Gene Expression of Indoleamine 2,3 Dioxygenase 1, Insulin-Growth Factor 1 and Red/IK Cytokine in Alopecia Areata

2014 ◽  
Vol 6 (3) ◽  
pp. 263-266
Author(s):  
Simona Corina ȘENILĂ ◽  
Ovidiu BĂLĂCESCU ◽  
Loredana BĂLĂCESCU ◽  
Elisabeta CANDREA ◽  
Loredana UNGUREANU ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Gene Expression ◽  
Hair Follicle ◽  
Mhc Class I ◽  
Alopecia Areata ◽  
Fas Ligand ◽  
Immune Privilege ◽  
Mrna Levels ◽  
Insulin Growth Factor ◽  
Qrt Pcr ◽  
Anagen Hair

Alopecia areata (AA) is a chronic, T-cell mediated autoimmune disease directed against the hair follicle, which partially evolves due to a loss of the immune privilege of the anagen hair follicle. The immune privilege is maintained by several factors, including a downregulation of MHC class I and II, local immunosupressants and expression of Fas ligand. The purpose of the study was to evaluate several factors involved in the collapse and restoration of the immune privilege. We investigated IDO1, IGF1 and red/IK gene expression in lesional and perilesionalscalp biopsies from alopecia areata patients. Seven paired punch-biopsies were taken from the active edge of alopecic plaque and from the perilesional scalp. Expression of IDO1, IGF1 and red/IK genes was performed by qRT-PCR. In lesional tissue, IGF1, IDO1 and red/IK genes showed an increase in the mRNA levels as compared with the perilesional scalp. By comparing the pairs of data for the investigated genes, IDO1was statistically upregulated in the lesional area. No significant differences were observed between the gene expression in mild or severe AA, from the lesional or perilesional areas. IDO1 mRNA expression was higher in patients with a relapse duration of less than 6 months as compared to patients with a relapse duration of more than 6 months; levels of IGF1 and red/IK mRNA are increased in lesionals compared to perilesional scalp area.

A Case Study: Massage, Relaxation, and Reward for Treatment of Alopecia Areata

1994 ◽  
Vol 74 (3_suppl) ◽  
pp. 1315-1318 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sharon C. Putt ◽  
Lawrence Weinstein ◽  
Mary T. Dzindolet
Keyword(s):  
Alopecia Areata ◽  
Behavior Modification ◽  
Psychological Factors ◽  
Hair Growth ◽  
Autoimmune Process ◽  
Common Cause ◽  
Treatment Techniques ◽  
History Of ◽  
Treatment Designs

Alopecia areata, a common cause of hair loss, is generally considered the consequence of an autoimmune process. Both physiological and psychological factors have been implicated. Previous studies have not incorporated behavior modification in their treatment designs. In this study, three treatment techniques (hair massage, relaxation procedures, and monetary reward) were applied to a 16-year-old male with a five-year history of alopecia areata. Comparison for seven months without treatment versus seven months with treatment showed that loss of hair was markedly reduced after three months of treatment. During the last four months of the study, new hair growth was evidenced.

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