scholarly journals Human Interruption Management in Workplace Environments: An Overview

2020 ◽  
Vol 10 (2) ◽  
pp. 5452-5458
Author(s):  
M. Alkahtani ◽  
M. H. Abidi ◽  
A. Ahmad ◽  
S. Darmoul ◽  
S. Samman ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Human Performance ◽  
Management Strategies ◽  
Work Environments ◽  
Decision Makers ◽  
Future Research ◽  
Research Directions ◽  
Workplace Environments ◽  
Interruption Management ◽  
Future Research Directions

Interruptions are unexpected breaks that introduce new tasks on top of ongoing activities. In work environments, interruptions occur when operators and decision-makers have to deal simultaneously with several stimuli and information sources and have to make decisions so as to maintain the flow of activities at a satisfactory level of performance or quality of service. The causes and effects of interruptions and their subsequent management strategies in workplace environments have been researched in the past, however, only a few review articles are available to report on current advances in this area, to analyze contributions, and to highlight open research directions. This paper offers an up-to-date review and a framework for interruptions and interruption management strategies. The current approaches to identify, report, and manage interruptions in a variety of workplace environments are reviewed and a description of environmental characteristics that favor the occurrence of interruptions and influence interruption management in workplace environments is provided. Various approaches to classify and model the different types of interruptions and their cause-consequence relationships are discussed and the strategies to manage interruptions and approaches to measure human performance when dealing with interruptions are analyzed. Based on these insights, several guidelines to manage interruptions in workplace environments are provided, and future research directions are highlighted.

Game Theory-Based Routing Algorithms for Wireless Multi-Hop Networks

2013 ◽  
Vol 756-759 ◽  
pp. 1244-1248 ◽  
Author(s):  
Zhi Ren ◽  
Shuang Peng ◽  
Hong Jiang Lei ◽  
Ji Bi Li
Keyword(s):  
Game Theory ◽  
Routing Algorithms ◽  
Decision Makers ◽  
Limited Resources ◽  
Future Research ◽  
Research Directions ◽  
Autonomous Decision ◽  
The Game Theory ◽  
Future Research Directions

In wireless multi-hop networks, the quality of service provided by the system heavily depends on the cooperation between nodes. However, nodes are reluctant to cooperate with each other to save their limited resources. This tendency will put a limit on the application of the current wireless multi-hop networks. Therefore, game theory, which can analyze the strategic interactions among autonomous decision makers, becomes an ideal candidate to solve the above problem. In this paper, we first introduce the basic concept of game theory. Then, the game-theory-based routing algorithms for wireless multi-hop networks are investigated in detail and their characteristics are compared. Finally, we give the future research directions and concluding remarks.

scholarly journals Computational Techniques for Eye Movements Analysis towards Supporting Early Diagnosis of Alzheimer’s Disease: A Review

2018 ◽  
Vol 2018 ◽  
pp. 1-13 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jessica Beltrán ◽  
Mireya S. García-Vázquez ◽  
Jenny Benois-Pineau ◽  
Luis Miguel Gutierrez-Robledo ◽  
Jean-François Dartigues
Keyword(s):  
Alzheimer’S Disease ◽  
Alzheimer's Disease ◽  
Eye Movements ◽  
Early Diagnosis ◽  
Future Research ◽  
Computational Techniques ◽  
Research Directions ◽  
Future Research Directions ◽  
Tools And Techniques

An opportune early diagnosis of Alzheimer’s disease (AD) would help to overcome symptoms and improve the quality of life for AD patients. Research studies have identified early manifestations of AD that occur years before the diagnosis. For instance, eye movements of people with AD in different tasks differ from eye movements of control subjects. In this review, we present a summary and evolution of research approaches that use eye tracking technology and computational analysis to measure and compare eye movements under different tasks and experiments. Furthermore, this review is targeted to the feasibility of pioneer work on developing computational tools and techniques to analyze eye movements under naturalistic scenarios. We describe the progress in technology that can enhance the analysis of eye movements everywhere while subjects perform their daily activities and give future research directions to develop tools to support early AD diagnosis through analysis of eye movements.

Science for All through Reflective Interactions

2012 ◽  
pp. 102-118 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jennifer J. Neakrase ◽  
H. Prentice Baptiste ◽  
Ashley N. Ryan ◽  
Elsa Q. Villa
Keyword(s):  
Science Classroom ◽  
Future Research ◽  
Online Environment ◽  
Science Content ◽  
Science Concept ◽  
Research Directions ◽  
Online Interactions ◽  
Future Research Directions ◽  
The Individual

One of the goals of science education is to ensure that the discipline of science is accessible to all individuals. By many organizations this has been termed “Science for All,” and those who promote this idea also advocate the connection to science literacy. Teaching science in the online environment has been one way to offer science content to many different individuals, who do not necessarily need to be in the same location. Discourse in the science classroom is framed under situated cognition theory, whereby interactions between individuals are part of the normal culture of the classroom. For science knowledge to be adequately constructed by a student these interactions must be meaningful ones. This is especially important in an online science course where typically learning occurs through interactions between the students and the instructor, the students with one another, and within the individual themselves. As part of these online interactions, good reflective practice includes the different forms of feedback and the quality of this feedback. However, even with quality reflective interactions, there are barriers to science concept construction in an online environment. These barriers are discussed, and future research directions are suggested based on this review.

scholarly journals Galling phenomena in metal forming

Friction ◽  
2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Kuniaki Dohda ◽  
Masahito Yamamoto ◽  
Chengliang Hu ◽  
Laurent Dubar ◽  
Kornel F. Ehmann
Keyword(s):  
Metal Forming ◽  
Prediction Models ◽  
Growth Models ◽  
Future Research ◽  
Research Directions ◽  
Bulk Metal ◽  
Engineered Surfaces ◽  
Future Research Directions ◽  
Effects Of Temperature

AbstractGalling phenomena in metal forming not only affect the quality of the engineered surfaces but also the success or failure of the manufacturing operation itself. This paper reviews the different galling conditions in sheet and bulk metal forming processes along with their evolution and the effects of temperature on galling. A group of anti-galling methods employed to prevent galling defects are also presented in detail. The techniques for quantitatively measuring galling are introduced, and the related prediction models, including friction, wear, and galling growth models, are presented to better understand the underlying phenomena. Galling phenomena in other processes similar to those occurring in metal forming are also examined to suggest different ways of further studying galling in metal forming. Finally, future research directions for the study of galling in metal forming are suggested.

scholarly journals Better Sleep Experience for the Critically Ill: A Comprehensive Strategy for Designing Hospital Soundscapes

2019 ◽  
Vol 3 (2) ◽  
pp. 36 ◽  
Author(s):  
Dilip Birdja ◽  
Elif Özcan
Keyword(s):  
Critical Care ◽  
Medical Device ◽  
Design Approach ◽  
Future Research ◽  
Comprehensive Strategy ◽  
Research Directions ◽  
Policy Makers ◽  
Future Research Directions ◽  
Knowledge Deficits

In this paper, the sleep phenomenon is considered in relation to critical care soundscapes with the intention to inform hospital management, medical device producers and policy makers regarding the complexity of the issue and possible modes of design interventions. We propose a comprehensive strategy based on soundscape design approach that facilitates a systematic way of tackling the auditory quality of critical care settings in favor of better patient sleep experience. Future research directions are presented to tackle the knowledge deficits in designing for critical care soundscapes that cater for patient sleep. The need for scientifically-informed design interventions for improving patient sleep experience in critical care is highlighted. The value of the soundscape design approach for resolving other sound-induced problems in critical care and how the approach allows for patient-centred innovation that is beyond the immediate sound issue are further discussed.

Maturing and Aging Together

2014 ◽  
Author(s):  
Miri Scharf
Keyword(s):  
Significant Role ◽  
Developmental Trajectories ◽  
Demographic Variables ◽  
Future Research ◽  
Research Directions ◽  
The Past ◽  
Theoretical Perspectives ◽  
Frequency Of Contact ◽  
Future Research Directions

Relatively little research has examined the grandparent–adult grandchild relationship, although these relationships might play a more significant role than in the past, possibly impacting grandchildren’s development and the adjustment of both parties. This chapter reviews different theoretical perspectives related to this bond and presents the special flavor of this bond during emerging adulthood resulting from the different developmental trajectories of grandparents and grandchildren that mutually influence one another. Empirical findings demonstrating large variation both within and between families regarding frequency of contact and quality of the relations are presented, as well as various contextual and demographic variables that might mediate and moderate these variations. Finally, the importance of studying this bond, future research directions, and possible implications are discussed.

Locomotor economy

2013 ◽  
Author(s):  
Don W. Morgan
Keyword(s):  
Quality Of Life ◽  
Athletic Performance ◽  
Functional Mobility ◽  
Future Research ◽  
Research Directions ◽  
Research Findings ◽  
Future Research Directions ◽  
Physically Challenged

Chapter 21 presents and synthesizes research findings related to various aspects of locomotor economy during the childhood and adolescent years. Because the majority of research has been conducted on walking and running, the material presented in this chapter will focus exclusively on these modes of gait. It concludes by proposing future research directions to guide sport scientists, coaches, and clinicians in their quest to understand the factors responsible for efficient locomotion in children, improve the athletic performance of youngsters, and enhance the functional mobility and quality of life of physically challenged youth.

scholarly journals Towards Integrated Flood Risk and Resilience Management

Water ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 12 (6) ◽  
pp. 1789 ◽  
Author(s):  
Guangtao Fu ◽  
Fanlin Meng ◽  
Mónica Rivas Casado ◽  
Roy S. Kalawsky
Keyword(s):  
Flood Risk ◽  
Management Strategies ◽  
Flood Management ◽  
Future Research ◽  
Risk And Resilience ◽  
Research Directions ◽  
Adverse Impacts ◽  
Hazard And Risk ◽  
Future Research Directions ◽  
Resilience Management

Flood resilience is an emerging concept for tackling extreme weathers and minimizing the associated adverse impacts. There is a significant knowledge gap in the study of resilience concepts, assessment frameworks and measures, and management strategies. This editorial introduces the latest advances in flood risk and resilience management, which are published in 11 papers in the Special Issue. A synthesis of these papers is provided in the following themes: hazard and risk analysis, flood behaviour analysis, assessment frameworks and metrics, and intervention strategies. The contributions are discussed in the broader context of the field of flood risk and resilience management and future research directions are identified for sustainable flood management.

scholarly journals Moving to the Edge-Cloud-of-Things: Recent Advances and Future Research Directions

Electronics ◽  
2018 ◽  
Vol 7 (11) ◽  
pp. 309 ◽  
Author(s):  
Hind Bangui ◽  
Said Rakrak ◽  
Said Raghay ◽  
Barbora Buhnova
Keyword(s):  
Cloud Computing ◽  
Leading Edge ◽  
Cloud Services ◽  
Future Research ◽  
Research Directions ◽  
Iot Applications ◽  
Future Research Directions ◽  
Iot Devices ◽  
The Internet Of Things

Cloud computing has significantly enhanced the growth of the Internet of Things (IoT) by ensuring and supporting the Quality of Service (QoS) of IoT applications. However, cloud services are still far from IoT devices. Notably, the transmission of IoT data experiences network issues, such as high latency. In this case, the cloud platforms cannot satisfy the IoT applications that require real-time response. Yet, the location of cloud services is one of the challenges encountered in the evolution of the IoT paradigm. Recently, edge cloud computing has been proposed to bring cloud services closer to the IoT end-users, becoming a promising paradigm whose pitfalls and challenges are not yet well understood. This paper aims at presenting the leading-edge computing concerning the movement of services from centralized cloud platforms to decentralized platforms, and examines the issues and challenges introduced by these highly distributed environments, to support engineers and researchers who might benefit from this transition.

scholarly journals Internet of Things (IoT) Operating Systems Management: Opportunities, Challenges, and Solution

Sensors ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 19 (8) ◽  
pp. 1793 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yousaf Bin Zikria ◽  
Sung Won Kim ◽  
Oliver Hahm ◽  
Muhammad Khalil Afzal ◽  
Mohammed Y. Aalsalem
Keyword(s):  
Internet Of Things ◽  
Low Cost ◽  
Future Research ◽  
Technological Innovations ◽  
Special Issue ◽  
Research Directions ◽  
Key Factor ◽  
Future Research Directions ◽  
Standard Set

Internet of Things (IoT) is rapidly growing and contributing drastically to improve the quality of life. Immense technological innovations and growth is a key factor in IoT advancements. Readily available low cost IoT hardware is essential for continuous adaptation of IoT. Advancements in IoT Operating System (OS) to support these newly developed IoT hardware along with the recent standards and techniques for all the communication layers are the way forward. The variety of IoT OS availability demands to support interoperability that requires to follow standard set of rules for development and protocol functionalities to support heterogeneous deployment scenarios. IoT requires to be intelligent to self-adapt according to the network conditions. In this paper, we present brief overview of different IoT OSs, supported hardware, and future research directions. Therein, we provide overview of the accepted papers in our Special Issue on IoT OS management: opportunities, challenges, and solution. Finally, we conclude the manuscript.

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