CCPs and CSDs

2011 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ruben Lee
Keyword(s):  
Case Studies ◽  
Board Structure ◽  
European Central ◽  
Central Counterparties ◽  
Board Directors ◽  
The Creation ◽  
The Relationship ◽  
Central Securities Depositories

This chapter presents a series of case studies illustrating how some specific central counterparties (CCPs), and central securities depositories (CSDs) have been governed in particular contexts. The following institutions and contexts are described in turn: the relationship between the Canadian Depository for Securities' owners, its users, and board directors from the company's inception to 2008; the establishment of European Central Counterparty Limited by Depository Trust and Clearing Corporation over the period 2000–2002; the creation of Clearstream International by Deutsche Börse over the period 1999–2002; some aspects of how Euroclear was governed regarding its creation, ownership, and board structure up until 2006; and the creation of LCH.Clearnet and some difficulties it faced over the period 2003–6. A few brief general lessons from each case study are also identified.

scholarly journals Évaluation de degré de défense de l’architecture défensive pré-coloniale en Algérie : cas des villages fortifiés

X ◽  
2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mohand Oulmas ◽  
Amina Abdessemed-Fouda ◽  
Ángel Benigno González Avilés
Keyword(s):  
Complex System ◽  
Cultural Values ◽  
Case Studies ◽  
Cultural Landscape ◽  
Geometrical Shape ◽  
Defense System ◽  
Medieval Period ◽  
Architectural Features ◽  
The Relationship

Assassing the defensibility of the pre-colonial defensive architecture in Algeria: case study on the medieval fortified villagesAlgeria’s pre-colonial towns of the medieval period still exist in different typologies, ranging from the isolated buildings (forts, castles) and town enclosures to whole urban units (fortified villages, defensives towns). Indeed, the constituent of these fortresses was their defense system, characterized by its large dimension, constituted essentially by the enclosure wall, and architectural features of defensiveness correlated with the outside and the inside of the fortresses. This paper aims to evaluate the relationship between physical landscape, built defensive features and cultural values of the medieval fortified villages in Algeria, two medieval fortified villages in our case “Kalaa of Beni Abbes” in Bejaia and “Kalaa of Beni Rached” in Oran, that we identified as an evolved landscape and interpreted as complex system (both defensive architecture and continuing cultural landscape). This current study consists of quantifying the defensiveness degree of these sites situated within different contexts, in fact, this method ensures to identify the strategy adopted to be protected against different invasions. However, in order to achieve this we calculate a spatial defensiveness index (DI) of these sites. The parameters of our choice are related to the implantation site, the elevation, the visibility and the geometrical shape, which allow us to estimate the defensiveness degree of the defense system of our case studies.

The design(ing) of language

2020 ◽  
pp. 69-85
Author(s):  
Grant Goodall
Keyword(s):  
Case Studies ◽  
Inflectional Morphology ◽  
Human Language ◽  
The Third ◽  
First Case ◽  
Design Property ◽  
The Creation ◽  
John Wilkins ◽  
Fundamental Design

Courses on invented languages can do much more than just introduce students to linguistics. Through three case studies, it is shown that as students learn how to design a language, they also learn about the design of human language in a way that is unlikely to occur in other courses. The first case study involves the creation of a lexicon, in relation to John Wilkins’ invented language of 1668 and to Saussurean arbitrariness, commonly regarded as a fundamental design property of human language. The second case study concerns phonemic inventories. By designing their own from scratch, students see the competing pressures that phonemic inventories must satisfy in all languages. The third case study concerns inflectional morphology and the pressures that determine the form of particular morphemes. All of these case studies are accessible to students and help them engage with important aspects of the design properties of human language.

Judicial Biography and the Behavioral Persuasion

1971 ◽  
Vol 65 (3) ◽  
pp. 704-715 ◽  
Author(s):  
J. Woodford Howard
Keyword(s):  
Case Studies ◽  
Empirical Investigation ◽  
Judicial Politics ◽  
Judicial Behavior ◽  
Central Theme ◽  
Political Analysis ◽  
The Relationship ◽  
Insight Into ◽  
Considerable Insight

This paper appraises the relationship between judicial biography and judicial behavior research in two ways: (1) conceptually, by comparing them as modes of inquiry; and (2) empirically, by making an inventory of the behavioral content of 15. leading judicial biographies. The central theme is that judicial biographies and judicial behavior research are complementary. Conceptually, they have important common premises and problems as well as major differences. Empirically, judicial biographies also offer considerable insight into judicial behavior. Using generous standards, the inventory of 15 biographies derived 2,232 behavioral-like propositions in eight categories of behavioral research. More importantly, the biographies suggest a substantial number of hypotheses worthy of empirical investigation and validation. When viewed as case studies in judicial politics, judicial biographies thus become related to behavioral inquiry. And their strengths and weaknesses fall into place as reflecting properties generally associated with case study as a mode of political analysis.

scholarly journals THE USE OF CASE STUDIES IN THE BUSINESS ENGLISH LANGUAGE TEACHING

2013 ◽  
Vol 7 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Angela Strelchonok ◽  
Iveta Ludviga
Keyword(s):  
Case Studies ◽  
Subject Matter ◽  
English Language ◽  
Language Teaching ◽  
Collaborative Work ◽  
Integrated Approach ◽  
English Language Teaching ◽  
Business English ◽  
The Creation

The paper is concerned with methodological aspects of using Case studies in Business English language teaching at University level. It emphasizes the benefits and opportunities of the Case study method as well as the role Case studies play in practicing and developing language, business communication and managerial skills. The paper analyses Case study as an example of Task-Based Learning (TBL) method which focuses on communicative approach towards problem solving tasks presented in authentic Case studies. The paper deals with language and subject matter integration in the creation and implementation of Case studies in the Business English classroom which involves collaborative work of English language and subject matter lecturers. The integrated approach strengthens both students’ subject matter knowledge and language competence. The result of lecturer collaboration is the creation of Case study “Rukisu teja” which is based on a real Latvian family-run business and can be incorporated into both Business English and Entrepreneurship courses.

scholarly journals The Struggle for Integration of Refugees and Immigrants: Examples of Integration of Refugees in European Cities and the Case Study of Athens

2019 ◽  
Vol 3 (1) ◽  
pp. 18 ◽  
Author(s):  
Efthimios Bakogiannis ◽  
Charalampos Kyriakidis ◽  
Tatiani Milioni
Keyword(s):  
Case Studies ◽  
Economic Crisis ◽  
European Countries ◽  
Greek Society ◽  
European Cities ◽  
Long Time ◽  
The Creation ◽  
Successful Integration

This paper focuses on the integration of refugees and immigrants into Greek society through the provision of housing. This topic is a hot one due to the fact that many refuges have arrived in Greece during the previous years and there is a need to remain for a long time. Thus, the provision of housing is imperative. However, due to the economic crisis, the creation of such spaces is expensive and unachievable. As a result, alternatives should be examined. For this purpose, different policies of the smooth integration of refugees and immigrants in European countries can provide such solutions. Three case studies were selected across Europe and they have been compared to the Athenian paradigm. Through this research, proposals about their successful integration have been derived. In that way, it will be possible to provide specific plans that reorganize various areas in Athens in order to make this vision a reality.

New Problems in Banking

2011 ◽  
pp. 109-129
Author(s):  
Enid Mumford
Keyword(s):  
Organizational Structure ◽  
Case Studies ◽  
Fast Moving ◽  
Systematic Approach ◽  
White Collar ◽  
Management Of Change ◽  
The Past ◽  
The Creation ◽  
Definition Of

In the last three case studies there has been a logical progression through the management of change, considering first the definition of the problem; second, the development of a strategy for handling it; and third, the creation of an appropriate organizational structure. But, in today’s fast-moving world, there are many situations in which it is difficult to carry out this systematic approach. For example what do we do if change involves a technological jump, bringing with it new problems and challenges which have not been experienced before and which are poorly understood? This happened to white-collar work in the next case study. It has also happened many times in the past and is likely to happen many times in the future.

Associating Physics and Chemistry to Dissociate Molecules

2016 ◽  
Vol 46 (3) ◽  
pp. 360-391 ◽  
Author(s):  
Axel Petit
Keyword(s):  
Physical Chemistry ◽  
Nineteenth Century ◽  
Physical Sciences ◽  
Limited Communication ◽  
Ionic Dissociation ◽  
The Creation ◽  
Svante Arrhenius ◽  
The Relationship

A case study of the Clausius-Williamson hypothesis sheds light on the development of the physical sciences during the nineteenth century. In the 1850s, Rudolf Clausius and Alexander William Williamson independently developed similar hypotheses at a time when physics and chemistry were beginning to be considered independent endeavors. Some thirty years later, after specialization took root, their names were associated; the two hypotheses became the hypothesis of Clausius-Williamson. How and why were these distinct investigations conducted in the 1850s unified in the 1880s? The current historiography addresses the Clausius-Williamson hypothesis as it is featured in subsequent interpretations by Svante Arrhenius, but does not thoroughly analyze the published writings of Clausius and Williamson themselves. This paper reappraises Clausius’s and Williamson’s works in their original context and analyzes how their hypotheses came to be associated. This case study emphasizes how the relationship between physics and chemistry evolved in the nineteenth century. More specifically, it underscores the limited communication between these disciplines in the 1850s and the rise of interdisciplinarity in the 1880s, which led to the creation of a new field: physical chemistry. From the study of the emergence and success of the theory of ionic dissociation and physical chemistry, I show that referring to the authoritative figures of Clausius and Williamson legitimized and valorized investigations at the borderlands of physics and chemistry in a context of increased specialization.

‘Mass Gambling’ from 1947 to 2011: Controversies and Pathologies

2014 ◽  
Vol 19 (3) ◽  
pp. 203-213 ◽  
Author(s):  
Emma Casey
Keyword(s):  
Case Studies ◽  
Social Attitudes ◽  
Social Reformer ◽  
Historical Comparison ◽  
The Social ◽  
The Everyday ◽  
Moral Framing ◽  
Shared Commitment ◽  
The Relationship

This paper explores the relationship between Mass Observation and sociological method. It will demonstrate that often this relationship has been an uneasy one with the detailed, deeply qualitative and broadly ‘unstructured’ data elicited by Mass Observation frequently positioned as posing problems for sociologists particularly in terms of data analysis and interpretation. The paper will explore these debates by focusing on two case studies drawn from Mass Observation directives. The first will draw on the 1947 gambling study which was commissioned by the social reformer Seebohm Rowntree and his collaborator Commander G.R. Lavers and the second will draw on the 2011 ‘Gambling and Households’ directive. These case studies have been chosen because they help to illuminate the complexities of the concerns surrounding the sociological uses of Mass Observation. The paper will draw on correspondence between Rowntree, Lavers and co-founder of Mass Observation Tom Harrisson in 1947 which uncovers fascinating detail about Harrisson and Rowntree's shared commitment to revealing information about the everyday experiences and practices of working class life, but also some interesting disparities about what ‘sociological data’ might look like and what its purpose ought to be. The second case study draws on findings from the 2011 Gambling and Households directive. This directive offers an interesting historical comparison with the 1947 data. It flags up similarities particularly in terms of the moral framing of gambling, social attitudes to gambling pathologies and addictions and discourses about spending and winning money but also some notable differences particularly with regards to class identification and gambling. Each of these similarities and differences will be explored with the intention of demonstrating the particular uses of Mass Observation in uncovering the frequently overlooked and subjective patterns of intimacy.

scholarly journals Hydrothermal effect on groundwater level fluctuations: case studies of Čepkeliai and Rėkyva peatbogs, Lithuania

2015 ◽  
Vol 1 (3) ◽  
Author(s):  
Justas Kažys ◽  
Egidijus Rimkus ◽  
Julius Taminskas ◽  
Sigita Butkutė
Keyword(s):  
Soil Properties ◽  
Case Studies ◽  
Groundwater Level ◽  
Warm Season ◽  
Meteorological Conditions ◽  
Minor Role ◽  
Groundwater Level Fluctuations ◽  
A Minor ◽  
The Relationship

The peatbogs are very unique and relatively vulnerable ecosystems for every kind of disturbances. This research analyses the relationships between groundwater level (GWL) fluctuations and meteorological conditions in Lithuanian peatbogs. Two case study areas (Čepkeliai and Rėkyva peatbogs) with permanent GWL monitoring points were investigated. The period from 2002 till 2011 was analysed in Čepkeliai and the period from 2011 till 2014 in Rėkyva. The final results indicate that rainfall is the most important factor determining the groundwater level fluctuations in the warm season, while temperature and evapotranspiration play only a minor role. The relationship between GWL and precipitation strongly depends on soil properties. The findings in Rėkyva revealed that the reactions of GWL on meteorological conditions in various parts of the  peatbogs were not the  same. Also, the analysis showed that the reaction of GWL on precipitation differs in cold and warm seasons.

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