scholarly journals Fluidized bed drying of petals of Echium amoenum Fisch. and C.A. Mey: energy analysis and carbon footprint

2018 ◽  
Author(s):  
Fatemeh Nadi ◽  
J.C. Atuonwu
Keyword(s):  
Energy Consumption ◽  
Greenhouse Gas ◽  
Fluidized Bed ◽  
Carbon Footprint ◽  
Specific Energy ◽  
Greenhouse Gas Emission ◽  
Specific Energy Consumption ◽  
Energy Performance ◽  
Echium Amoenum ◽  
Fluidized Bed Drying

The energy performance and carbon footprint associated with the fluidized bed drying of petals of Echium amoenum Fisch. and C.A. Mey are experimentally evaluated at three temperatures (40,50,60°C) and air velocities (0.50,0.75,1.00m/s). The maximum and minimum specific energy consumption are observed to occur at 40°C and 1ms-1 (79.18MJ/kg) and 60°C and 0.5m/s (22.60MJ/kg), respectively. The greenhouse gas emission is in the range, 0.10-8.40kgCO2eq, varying with drying conditions in the same manner as energy consumption, with natural gas-fired systems performing better than oil-fired systems. High-temperature, low-air velocity drying is thus, favourable for energy-efficient and sustainable fluidized bed drying of the petals.Keywords: fluidized bed dryer; greenhouse gas; specific energy consumption; Iran.  

Drying Strategies for Fluidized-Bed Drying of Paddy

2009 ◽  
Vol 5 (2) ◽  
Author(s):  
Supawan Tirawanichakul ◽  
Somkiat Prachayawarakorn ◽  
Warunee Varanyanond ◽  
Somchart Soponronnarit
Keyword(s):  
Energy Consumption ◽  
Moisture Content ◽  
Thin Layer ◽  
Fluidized Bed ◽  
Specific Energy ◽  
Specific Energy Consumption ◽  
Initial Moisture Content ◽  
Linear Regression Method ◽  
Moisture Contents ◽  
Fluidized Bed Drying

The main objective of this work was to determine an effective moisture diffusivity of long grain rice during fluidized-bed drying (FBD) with inlet drying temperatures ranging of 40-150°C by 10°C/step and to investigate the specific energy consumption of the FBD process. Three initial moisture contents of the local indica paddy were set at 25.0, 28.8 and 32.5% dry-basis. The experimental results of thin-layer fluidized-bed drying for the long grain rice variety were determined and statistically analyzed by non-linear regression method. The results showed that an effective diffusion coefficient was highly dependent on the drying temperature, compared to initial moisture content. Consequently, the mathematical simulation of FBD, using the developed thin-layer drying mentioned above, was evaluated and used for predicting the paddy drying system. The simulated value of energy consumption in each of the drying conditions was comparatively simulated. The simulated results showed that a FBD with low temperatures and low initial moisture content gave higher specific energy consumption than drying with high temperatures and high initial moisture contents. The total specific energy consumption increased with a decreased fraction of re-circulated outlet drying air. According to the simulation results and our previous work, the conclusion is that the long grain paddy drying with FBD technique under a high initial moisture content and drying air temperature over 100°C is the good drying condition for recommendation.

scholarly journals Evaluasi Kinerja dan Konsumsi Energi Pengering Pati Sagu Model Agitated Fluidized Bed Bertenaga Biomassa

2020 ◽  
Vol 2 (2) ◽  
pp. 53
Author(s):  
Abadi Jading ◽  
Paulus Payung ◽  
Eduard Fransisco Tethool
Keyword(s):  
Energy Consumption ◽  
Fluidized Bed ◽  
Specific Energy ◽  
Specific Energy Consumption ◽  
Coefficient Of Performance ◽  
Utilization Factor ◽  
Heat Utilization ◽  
Heat Efficiency ◽  
Effective Heat

Pengering Agitated Fluidized Bed (AFB) telah dirancang untuk pengeringan pati sagu. Untuk mengetahui kinerja pengering AFB tersebut, maka dilakukan analisis nilai indeks kinerja Heat Utilization Factor (HUF), Coefficient Of Performance (COP), Effective Heat Efficiency (EHE), dan Specific Energy Consumption (SEC) berdasarkan perlakuan suhu (50oC, 60oC, dan 70oC) dan massa input bahan (3 kg, 6 kg, dan 12 kg). Nilai indeks kinerja HUF, COP, EHE dan SEC ditentukan dengan analisis matematis. Hasil penelitian ini menunjukkan bahwa indeks kinerja pengering AFB terbaik dari semua perlakuan suhu dan massa input bahan adalah pada suhu 60oC dengan massa input bahan 12 kg, dimana nilai HUF lebih besar dari nilai COP. Nilai HUF, COP, dan EHE masing-masing adalah 53,1%, 46,9%, 70,3% dan nilai SEC 559,9 kJ/s. Nilai rata-rata HUF, COP, EHE, dan SEC dari semua perlakuan pada pengering AFB adalah 37,23%, 62,7%, 58,5%, dan 337,6 kJ/s. Kinerja pengering AFB cukup rendah, dimana nilai HUF rata-rata lebih kecil dari nilai COP rata-rata, dan energi yang digunakan cukup tinggi. Namun demikian, pengering AFB mampu mengeringkan pati sagu dengan kadar air akhir 14,4% basis basah mendekati standar mutu pati sagu kering 13%, pada suhu 70oC dengan massa bahan sebanyak 3 kg selama 5 menit (300 detik).

Optimization of Pistachio Nut Drying in a Fluidized Bed Dryer with Microwave Pretreatment Applying Response Surface Methodology

2017 ◽  
Vol 12 (3) ◽  
Author(s):  
Reza Amiri Chayjan ◽  
Mohammad Kaveh ◽  
Nesa Dibagar ◽  
Moein Zarrin Nejad
Keyword(s):  
Response Surface Methodology ◽  
Energy Consumption ◽  
Fluidized Bed ◽  
Air Temperature ◽  
Specific Energy ◽  
Color Change ◽  
Specific Energy Consumption ◽  
Air Velocity ◽  
Fluidized Bed Dryer ◽  
Total Color Change

Abstract Thin-layer drying kinetics of pistachio nuts were examined experimentally as a function of drying conditions in a fluidized bed dryer with microwave pretreatment. Four drying specifications of diffusivity, shrinkage, specific energy consumption and total color change were calculated and the effects of parameters were studied. Numerous experimentations were conducted at three levels of air temperature (40, 55, 70 °C), air velocity (1.2, 2.93, 4.01 m/s), and microwave power (270, 450, 630 W). The variation ranges of diffusivity, shrinkage, energy consumption and color change were recorded from 5.01×10–10 to 5.07×10–9 m2/s, from 26.95 % to 13.13 %, from 1.04 to 9.23 kWh and from 10.44 to 17.17, respectively. According to response surface methodology, optimum condition of drying process occurred at microwave power of 630, air temperature of 70 ˚C, and air velocity of 1.2 m/s. In this optimum point, the values of diffusivity, shrinkage, specific energy consumption and total color change were 4.865×10–9, 14.22 %, 2.164 kWh and 12.312, respectively.

scholarly journals Energy Efficiency Investments in Industry with Uncertain Demand Rate: Effects on the Specific Energy Consumption

Energies ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 13 (1) ◽  
pp. 161
Author(s):  
Beatrice Marchi ◽  
Simone Zanoni ◽  
Ivan Ferretti
Keyword(s):  
Energy Efficiency ◽  
Energy Consumption ◽  
Production Rate ◽  
Specific Energy ◽  
New Technologies ◽  
Specific Energy Consumption ◽  
Energy Performance ◽  
Uncertain Demand ◽  
Best Available Techniques ◽  
Demand Rate

The term “energy efficiency” covers a wide scope and it is affected by a lack of clarity. To overcome this issue, quantitative measures should be defined and evaluated for each unit of product or process considered. These quantitative indicators are necessary to support and evaluate energy efficiency improvements in industry, by allowing to (i) monitor the energy performance, and (ii) perform benchmarking analyses with best available techniques or similar processes. The specific energy consumption (SEC), i.e., the amount of energy consumed per unit of product/output, is the most commonly used index. Because of the uncertain demand faced by companies, production processes run at a rate that can vary within a certain range, to which correspond a different utilization of plants. Energy efficiency investments can be categorized in accordance to how they affect the SEC: i.e., the first group of investments has the same effects for each production rate (e.g., replacement of dated electric motors with new technologies), while the other has different effects for different ranges of production rate (e.g., installation of an inverter). The present work proposes a novel decision model for supporting the evaluation of the more suitable energy efficiency investment in an industrial context where the demand is uncertain. A numerical example based on a case study from the aluminum industry is then proposed in order to highlight the relevance of the problem discussed and to evaluate the behavior of the models in different scenarios characterized by different load factors. From the results, it evinced that the return of the investment strongly depends on the range of production rate and, thus, on the demand variability.

scholarly journals Energy Performance Analysis of Convective Drying of Sorghum Gruel Residue

2021 ◽  
pp. 10-23
Author(s):  
C. N. Okoro ◽  
J. Isa
Keyword(s):  
Energy Efficiency ◽  
Energy Consumption ◽  
Performance Analysis ◽  
Specific Energy ◽  
Specific Energy Consumption ◽  
Energy Performance ◽  
Convective Drying ◽  
Air Temperatures ◽  
Drying Efficiency ◽  
Air Dryer

This research is concerned with the energy performance analysis of convective drying of sorghum gruel residue. The process was carried out on a hot air dryer conducted at four drying air temperatures of 40, 50, 60, and 70 °C respectively, three different air velocities 0.8, 1.0 and 1.2m/s and three different varieties of sorghum gruel residue, Caudatum,Durra and Guineense respectively. The effects of drying temperature and air velocities on the specific energy consumption, energy efficiency, drying efficiency and thermal efficiency were investigated. The specific energy consumption for Caudatum,Durra, Guineensevarieties ranges from 169530.001 J/kg - 71433.758 J/kg, 170557.25 J/kg - 76732.96 J/kg and 179367.266 J/kg - 83750.923 J/kg respectively while the energy efficiency for Caudatum,Durra, Guineensevarieties ranges from 35.5% - 13.934%, 31.188% - 13.836% and 28.463% - 13.157% respectively. The results of this study also confirmed that the convective drying process is energy intensive and drying fresh agricultural produce with heated-air dryers requires a relatively large amount of energy.

scholarly journals Effects of Coffee Form and Distributor Hole Angle on The Fluidization Behavior and Specific Energy Consumption in The Fluidized Bed Machine

2021 ◽  
Vol 84 (2) ◽  
pp. 152-158
Author(s):  
Thatchapol Chungcharoen ◽  
Warunee Limmun ◽  
Sansanee Sansiribhan
Keyword(s):  
Energy Consumption ◽  
Pressure Drop ◽  
Fluidized Bed ◽  
Specific Energy ◽  
Specific Energy Consumption ◽  
Experimental Result ◽  
Air Velocity ◽  
Minimum Fluidization Velocity ◽  
Robusta Coffee ◽  
Bed Height

The fluidized bed technique was applied to use with the Robusta coffee in this research. fluidization behavior and specific energy consumption were investigated under various coffee forms and distributor hole angles. Moreover, the minimum fluidization velocity (Vmf) was also determined. Experiments are carried out in a sample bed height of 5 cm with ambience air. In this study, two coffee forms (Ripe coffee cherries; RCC and parchment coffee; PC) and three distributor hole angles (45º, 60º and 90º) are examined. The experimental result shown that the fluidization behavior is influenced by coffee form and distributor hole angle. The RCC and distributor hole angle of 60º provided the low pressure drop throughout the superficial air velocity. The low values of Vmf and SEC were also achieved in the RCC and distributor hole angle of 60º.

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