Experimental and numerical investigation of specific energy consumption of the two-stage pneumatic-fluidized bed drying of suspension-grade polyvinyl chloride

The energy performance and carbon footprint associated with the fluidized bed drying of petals of Echium amoenum Fisch. and C.A. Mey are experimentally evaluated at three temperatures (40,50,60°C) and air velocities (0.50,0.75,1.00m/s). The maximum and minimum specific energy consumption are observed to occur at 40°C and 1ms-1 (79.18MJ/kg) and 60°C and 0.5m/s (22.60MJ/kg), respectively. The greenhouse gas emission is in the range, 0.10-8.40kgCO2eq, varying with drying conditions in the same manner as energy consumption, with natural gas-fired systems performing better than oil-fired systems. High-temperature, low-air velocity drying is thus, favourable for energy-efficient and sustainable fluidized bed drying of the petals.Keywords: fluidized bed dryer; greenhouse gas; specific energy consumption; Iran.

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Drying Strategies for Fluidized-Bed Drying of Paddy

International Journal of Food Engineering ◽

10.2202/1556-3758.1401 ◽

2009 ◽

Vol 5 (2) ◽

Cited By ~ 7

Author(s):

Supawan Tirawanichakul ◽

Somkiat Prachayawarakorn ◽

Warunee Varanyanond ◽

Somchart Soponronnarit

Keyword(s):

Energy Consumption ◽

Moisture Content ◽

Thin Layer ◽

Fluidized Bed ◽

Specific Energy ◽

Specific Energy Consumption ◽

Initial Moisture Content ◽

Linear Regression Method ◽

Moisture Contents ◽

Fluidized Bed Drying

The main objective of this work was to determine an effective moisture diffusivity of long grain rice during fluidized-bed drying (FBD) with inlet drying temperatures ranging of 40-150°C by 10°C/step and to investigate the specific energy consumption of the FBD process. Three initial moisture contents of the local indica paddy were set at 25.0, 28.8 and 32.5% dry-basis. The experimental results of thin-layer fluidized-bed drying for the long grain rice variety were determined and statistically analyzed by non-linear regression method. The results showed that an effective diffusion coefficient was highly dependent on the drying temperature, compared to initial moisture content. Consequently, the mathematical simulation of FBD, using the developed thin-layer drying mentioned above, was evaluated and used for predicting the paddy drying system. The simulated value of energy consumption in each of the drying conditions was comparatively simulated. The simulated results showed that a FBD with low temperatures and low initial moisture content gave higher specific energy consumption than drying with high temperatures and high initial moisture contents. The total specific energy consumption increased with a decreased fraction of re-circulated outlet drying air. According to the simulation results and our previous work, the conclusion is that the long grain paddy drying with FBD technique under a high initial moisture content and drying air temperature over 100°C is the good drying condition for recommendation.

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Energy efficiency of staged reverse osmosis (RO) and closed-circuit reverse osmosis (CCRO) desalination: a model-based comparison

Water Science & Technology Water Supply ◽

10.2166/ws.2020.208 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 20 (8) ◽

pp. 3096-3106

Author(s):

Simeng Li ◽

Karla Duran ◽

Saied Delagah ◽

Joe Mouawad ◽

Xudong Jia ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Energy Efficiency ◽

Energy Consumption ◽

Reverse Osmosis ◽

Specific Energy ◽

Numerical Models ◽

Specific Energy Consumption ◽

Closed Circuit ◽

Two Stage ◽

One Stage ◽

Multi Stage

Abstract Reverse osmosis (RO) technologies have been widely implemented around the world to address the rising severity of freshwater scarcity. As desalination capacity increases, reducing the energy consumption of the RO process per permeate volume (i.e., specific energy consumption) is of particular importance. In this study, numerical models are used to characterize and compare the energy efficiency of one-stage continuous RO, multi-stage continuous RO, and closed-circuit RO (CCRO) processes. The simulated results across a broad range of feed salinity (5,000–50,000 ppm, i.e., 5–50 g kg−1) and recovery (40%–95%) demonstrate that, compared with the most common one-stage continuous RO, two-stage and three-stage continuous RO can reduce the specific energy consumption by up to 40.9% and 53.6%, respectively, while one-stage and two-stage CCRO can lead to 45.0% and 67.5% reduction, respectively. The differences in energy efficiencies of various RO configurations are more salient when desalinating high-salinity feed at a high recovery ratio. From the standpoints of energy saving and capital cost, the simulated results indicate that multi-stage CCRO is an optimal desalination process with great potential for practical implementation.

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Evaluasi Kinerja dan Konsumsi Energi Pengering Pati Sagu Model Agitated Fluidized Bed Bertenaga Biomassa

Agritechnology ◽

10.51310/agritechnology.v2i2.43 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 2 (2) ◽

pp. 53

Author(s):

Abadi Jading ◽

Paulus Payung ◽

Eduard Fransisco Tethool

Keyword(s):

Energy Consumption ◽

Fluidized Bed ◽

Specific Energy ◽

Specific Energy Consumption ◽

Coefficient Of Performance ◽

Utilization Factor ◽

Heat Utilization ◽

Heat Efficiency ◽

Effective Heat

Pengering Agitated Fluidized Bed (AFB) telah dirancang untuk pengeringan pati sagu. Untuk mengetahui kinerja pengering AFB tersebut, maka dilakukan analisis nilai indeks kinerja Heat Utilization Factor (HUF), Coefficient Of Performance (COP), Effective Heat Efficiency (EHE), dan Specific Energy Consumption (SEC) berdasarkan perlakuan suhu (50oC, 60oC, dan 70oC) dan massa input bahan (3 kg, 6 kg, dan 12 kg). Nilai indeks kinerja HUF, COP, EHE dan SEC ditentukan dengan analisis matematis. Hasil penelitian ini menunjukkan bahwa indeks kinerja pengering AFB terbaik dari semua perlakuan suhu dan massa input bahan adalah pada suhu 60oC dengan massa input bahan 12 kg, dimana nilai HUF lebih besar dari nilai COP. Nilai HUF, COP, dan EHE masing-masing adalah 53,1%, 46,9%, 70,3% dan nilai SEC 559,9 kJ/s. Nilai rata-rata HUF, COP, EHE, dan SEC dari semua perlakuan pada pengering AFB adalah 37,23%, 62,7%, 58,5%, dan 337,6 kJ/s. Kinerja pengering AFB cukup rendah, dimana nilai HUF rata-rata lebih kecil dari nilai COP rata-rata, dan energi yang digunakan cukup tinggi. Namun demikian, pengering AFB mampu mengeringkan pati sagu dengan kadar air akhir 14,4% basis basah mendekati standar mutu pati sagu kering 13%, pada suhu 70oC dengan massa bahan sebanyak 3 kg selama 5 menit (300 detik).

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Optimization of Pistachio Nut Drying in a Fluidized Bed Dryer with Microwave Pretreatment Applying Response Surface Methodology

Chemical Product and Process Modeling ◽

10.1515/cppm-2016-0048 ◽

2017 ◽

Vol 12 (3) ◽

Cited By ~ 2

Author(s):

Reza Amiri Chayjan ◽

Mohammad Kaveh ◽

Nesa Dibagar ◽

Moein Zarrin Nejad

Keyword(s):

Response Surface Methodology ◽

Energy Consumption ◽

Fluidized Bed ◽

Air Temperature ◽

Specific Energy ◽

Color Change ◽

Specific Energy Consumption ◽

Air Velocity ◽

Fluidized Bed Dryer ◽

Total Color Change

Abstract Thin-layer drying kinetics of pistachio nuts were examined experimentally as a function of drying conditions in a fluidized bed dryer with microwave pretreatment. Four drying specifications of diffusivity, shrinkage, specific energy consumption and total color change were calculated and the effects of parameters were studied. Numerous experimentations were conducted at three levels of air temperature (40, 55, 70 °C), air velocity (1.2, 2.93, 4.01 m/s), and microwave power (270, 450, 630 W). The variation ranges of diffusivity, shrinkage, energy consumption and color change were recorded from 5.01×10–10 to 5.07×10–9 m2/s, from 26.95 % to 13.13 %, from 1.04 to 9.23 kWh and from 10.44 to 17.17, respectively. According to response surface methodology, optimum condition of drying process occurred at microwave power of 630, air temperature of 70 ˚C, and air velocity of 1.2 m/s. In this optimum point, the values of diffusivity, shrinkage, specific energy consumption and total color change were 4.865×10–9, 14.22 %, 2.164 kWh and 12.312, respectively.

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Effects of Coffee Form and Distributor Hole Angle on The Fluidization Behavior and Specific Energy Consumption in The Fluidized Bed Machine

Journal of Advanced Research in Fluid Mechanics and Thermal Sciences ◽

10.37934/arfmts.84.2.152158 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 84 (2) ◽

pp. 152-158

Author(s):

Thatchapol Chungcharoen ◽

Warunee Limmun ◽

Sansanee Sansiribhan

Keyword(s):

Energy Consumption ◽

Pressure Drop ◽

Fluidized Bed ◽

Specific Energy ◽

Specific Energy Consumption ◽

Experimental Result ◽

Air Velocity ◽

Minimum Fluidization Velocity ◽

Robusta Coffee ◽

Bed Height

The fluidized bed technique was applied to use with the Robusta coffee in this research. fluidization behavior and specific energy consumption were investigated under various coffee forms and distributor hole angles. Moreover, the minimum fluidization velocity (Vmf) was also determined. Experiments are carried out in a sample bed height of 5 cm with ambience air. In this study, two coffee forms (Ripe coffee cherries; RCC and parchment coffee; PC) and three distributor hole angles (45º, 60º and 90º) are examined. The experimental result shown that the fluidization behavior is influenced by coffee form and distributor hole angle. The RCC and distributor hole angle of 60º provided the low pressure drop throughout the superficial air velocity. The low values of Vmf and SEC were also achieved in the RCC and distributor hole angle of 60º.

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