scholarly journals Relapsing Polychondritis: An Otolaryngologist's Perspective

2017 ◽  
Vol 9 (1) ◽  
pp. 17-20
Author(s):  
P Naina ◽  
Sheeja S John ◽  
Kamran A Syed
Keyword(s):  
Autoimmune Disease ◽  
Early Diagnosis ◽  
Clinical Condition ◽  
Clinical Signs ◽  
Relapsing Polychondritis ◽  
Diagnostic Challenge ◽  
Diagnosis And Management ◽  
Clinical Presentations ◽  
High Index Of Suspicion ◽  
Nose And Throat

ABSTRACT Relapsing polychondritis (RP) is an uncommon autoimmune disease with varying clinical presentations. Relapsing polychondritis frequently involves the ear, nose, and throat cartilages, often causing subtle and episodic symptoms that can pose a diagnostic challenge to the otolaryngologist. A high index of suspicion is needed to identify these subtle signs leading to early diagnosis. Here, we report a case of RP presenting with hoarseness of voice; we reviewed the literature and clinical signs discussed from an otolaryngologist's perspective. Greater awareness about its episodic and myriad presentation is needed for early diagnosis and management of this uncommon clinical condition. How to cite this article Syed KA, Naina P, John SS, Varghese AM. Relapsing Polychondritis: An Otolaryngologist's Perspective. Int J Otorhinolaryngol Clin 2017;9(1):17-20.

scholarly journals Peritoneal Tuberculosis Presenting as Chronic Ascites With Scrofula: A Case Report

2019 ◽  
Vol 13 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Galina Bogoslovskaya ◽  
Jose Zaldivar
Keyword(s):  
Case Report ◽  
Early Diagnosis ◽  
Extrapulmonary Tuberculosis ◽  
Young Female ◽  
Ca 125 ◽  
Test Results ◽  
Peritoneal Tuberculosis ◽  
Clinical Presentations ◽  
High Index Of Suspicion ◽  
Diagnostic Delays

Peritoneal tuberculosis (PTB) is a common type of extrapulmonary tuberculosis; however, due to variety of clinical presentations, diagnostic challenges do occur. The nonspecific features of this disease can lead to diagnostic delays and the development of complications. In addition, PTB can mimic a malignancy, especially in women who present with ascites and elevated cancer antigen (CA) 125 levels. A high index of suspicion is an important factor in an early diagnosis. Moreover, an early diagnosis and the initiation of antituberculous therapy are essential for preventing morbidity and mortality. Fortunately, most of these patients respond very well to standard antituberculous therapy.Here, we have reported the case of a young female patient who presented with chronic ascites, mild abdominal tenderness, and later, scrofula. Ultimately, she was diagnosed with PTB based on her test results. We expect that this case report will contribute to the existing literature on this subject.

scholarly journals Neuropathies in Sepsis: a Difficult Situation to Wean from Ventilator

2009 ◽  
Vol 21 (1) ◽  
pp. 53-55
Author(s):  
Md Mozaffer Hossain ◽  
SMA Alim ◽  
Muslema Begum ◽  
Nasiruddin Ahmed ◽  
UH Shahera Khatun
Keyword(s):  
Early Diagnosis ◽  
Artificial Ventilation ◽  
Electrophysiological Study ◽  
Diagnostic Challenge ◽  
Difficult Situation ◽  
Post Operative Period ◽  
Long Time ◽  
Cause Of Failure ◽  
Electrophysiological Examination ◽  
High Index Of Suspicion

Neuromuscular weakness in critically ill patients is diagnostic challenge. Septic Polyneuropathy is an important cause of failure to wean from artificial ventilation. We studied patient of septic polyneuropathy to highlight the importance of regular neurological examination in the early diagnosis of this conditions. Availability of facilities for bed side electrophysiological study & histopathology of muscle are important to diagnose these entity. A 56 years old lady was admitted in gastro-enterology unit with complains of abdominal pain & fever, subsequently she was diagnosed as a case of burst appendix with septicemia in Surgery Unit. Appendicectomy and surgical toileting was done under general anaesthesia. In the early post-operative period the patient developed respiratory failure and was transferred to ICU. She was on ventilator for a long time with all other investigation electrophysiological study of nerve conduction showed septic polyneuropathy. On 21st POD the patient could be withdrawn from ventilator and after T-piece trial extubation was done on the next day. Neuropathies in sepsis, an important cause of failure to wean from ventilator, a high index of suspicion and regular bed side neurological & electrophysiological examination is required to make an early diagnosis.   Journal of BSA, Vol. 21, No. 1, January 2008 53-55

Hemophilia A in a German shorthaired pointer: clinical presentations and diagnosis

1996 ◽  
Vol 32 (1) ◽  
pp. 25-28 ◽  
Author(s):  
SA Joseph ◽  
MB Brooks ◽  
PJ Coccari ◽  
SC Riback
Keyword(s):  
Genetic Counseling ◽  
Early Diagnosis ◽  
Supportive Care ◽  
Hind Limb ◽  
Hemophilia A ◽  
Clinical Signs ◽  
Clinical Presentations ◽  
Perineal Swelling ◽  
Intermittent Bleeding ◽  
Hind Limb Paralysis

Hemophilia A, Factor VIII deficiency, was diagnosed in a male German shorthaired pointer as a result of testing for a coagulopathy. He had been treated on numerous occasions for different clinical signs, including intermittent bleeding from wounds, hind-limb paralysis, dyspnea, dyschezia associated with perineal swelling, cutaneous nodules resembling hematomas or abscesses, and forelimb lameness. With each episode, he appeared to respond to supportive care. Hemophilia should be considered in male dogs displaying shifting-leg lameness and transient or recurrent, subcutaneous or intramuscular swelling. Recognition of the various presentations of this disease will aid in early diagnosis, as well as help the clients and breeders with appropriate genetic counseling for this serious inherited trait.

scholarly journals Capsular dissection technique for reducing recurrent laryngeal neuropraxia and temporary hypoparathyroidism after thyroidectomy: a single center experience

2021 ◽  
Vol 7 (7) ◽  
pp. 1111
Author(s):  
Dimple Sahni ◽  
Rajwant Kaur ◽  
Gagandeep Kaur ◽  
Sangeeta Aggarwal ◽  
Sanjeev Bhagat
Keyword(s):  
Foreign Body ◽  
Foreign Bodies ◽  
Single Center ◽  
Single Center Experience ◽  
Clinical Presentations ◽  
Life Threatening ◽  
High Index Of Suspicion ◽  
A Prospective Study ◽  
Dissection Technique ◽  
Nose And Throat

<p class="abstract"><strong>Background:</strong> Foreign bodies in aerodigestive tract is common, frequent, and sometime life threatening emergency for otorhinolaryngologists mainly in the paediatric group. The aims of the present study was to find the incidence of foreign bodies, in relation to demographic factors, type and sites of foreign bodies its clinical presentations and its management.</p><p class="abstract"><strong>Methods:</strong> A prospective study was conducted on 100 cases coming to the ear, nose and throat (ENT) emergency and outpatient department (OPD). After thorough history, clinical examination, routine blood and urine investigations and urine done. Radiological examination was done to visualize the radio-opaque foreign body, and if the foreign body was not radio-opaque then computed tomography (CT) scan was done.  </p><p class="abstract"><strong>Results:</strong> Incidence of foreign was 67% in male than 33% in female. Mostly foreign bodies were in nose (49%), followed by oesophageal (31%), abdominal (14%), and bronchus (6%) respectively. 33% were totally asymptomatic, 25% with mucupurulent discharge from nose, dysphagia (16%), nasal obstruction (15%), and odynophagia (11%) respectively. Most of the foreign bodies were inorganic in nature, coin (42%), pearls (8.16%), and battery (6.45%). Among organic foreign bodies peanut was most common (33.33%), grains (10%). All foreign bodies were removed successfully with minimal morbidity and zero mortality.</p><p class="abstract"><strong>Conclusions:</strong> Present study suggested incidence was very common among male children, in rural background, with common asymptomatic presentation. With high index of suspicion, and proper and timely intervention all 100 cases were managed successfully. But still educating the parents about keeping such things away from kids prevent these incident.</p>

Role of Dentist in Diagnosis and Management of Mucormycosis in Association with COVID-19

2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (7) ◽  
pp. 159-163
Author(s):  
Piyush Dongre ◽  
Tanya Bansal
Keyword(s):  
Early Diagnosis ◽  
Fungal Infections ◽  
Clinical Signs ◽  
Signs And Symptoms ◽  
Review Article ◽  
The Novel ◽  
Diagnosis And Management ◽  
Global Pandemic ◽  
Clinical Signs And Symptoms

In surge of the novel corona virus, there is increase in the frequency of fungal infections. Mucormycosis is one of the deep fungal infections which are increasing rapidly in this global pandemic period. Thus the early diagnosis and management is of utmost importance to decline the rate of this fatal infection. The clinical signs and symptoms and the culture reports are strictly considered in the management of oral fungal infection. This review article focuses on the importance of early diagnosis, prevention and management of mucormycosis and the role of the dentist in doing so. Key words: Mucormycosis, diagnosis, management, dentist.

scholarly journals Case of Metastatic Malignant Melanoma Simulating Granuloma Annulare

2021 ◽  
Vol 5 (3) ◽  
pp. 289-292
Author(s):  
Haley Danielle Heibel ◽  
Parneet Dhaliwal ◽  
Etan Marks ◽  
Clay J. Cockerell
Keyword(s):  
Malignant Melanoma ◽  
Metastatic Melanoma ◽  
Immunohistochemical Staining ◽  
Previous History ◽  
Metastatic Malignant Melanoma ◽  
Granuloma Annulare ◽  
Diagnostic Challenge ◽  
Clinical Presentations ◽  
History Of ◽  
High Index Of Suspicion

Malignant melanoma and particularly metastatic melanoma represent a diagnostic challenge due to the wide variety of histologic patterns, resemblance to benign entities, and extensive range of clinical presentations.  A high index of suspicion for melanoma is important for accurate diagnosis, especially when there is a previous history of malignancy.  Here, we present a patient with a history of melanoma and locally metastatic melanoma, who subsequently developed a nodule on his right forearm near the site of his previous melanoma excision.  Histologically, the melanoma appeared as granuloma annulare (GA) with benign cytologic features, but was identified as metastatic melanoma using SOX-10 immunohistochemical staining.  Other malignancies, including lymphomas, leukemias, sarcomas, and cutaneous metastases of internal malignancies, have mimicked GA and interstitial granulomatous processes.  Therefore, further immunohistochemical staining should be performed to assess for metastatic disease in the setting of a histological pattern that resembles a benign granulomatous process in a patient with a history of malignancy, including malignant melanoma.

scholarly journals Ocular myocysticercosis: Favorable outcomes with early diagnosis and appropriate therapy

2012 ◽  
Vol 4 (2) ◽  
pp. 315-318
Author(s):  
R Chopra ◽  
H Kapoor ◽  
A Chopra
Keyword(s):  
Treatment Outcome ◽  
Early Diagnosis ◽  
Clinical Characteristics ◽  
High Index ◽  
Diagnosis And Treatment ◽  
Ocular Motility ◽  
Clinical Presentations ◽  
Appropriate Therapy ◽  
High Index Of Suspicion

Background: Ocular myocysticercosis is rare and a high index of suspicion is required for its diagnosis. Objective: To describe clinical characteristics and treatment outcome of ocular myocysticercosis. Cases: We describe a series of three patients who had different clinical presentations of ocular myocysticerocosis namely diplopia, restricted ocular motility and subconjunctival cyst. The treatment with oral albendazole and prednisolone was effective in all three cases. Conclusion: Favorable outcomes can be achieved with a high index of suspicion, early diagnosis and treatment with oral albendazole and prednisolone in patients with ocular myocysticercosis.DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.3126/nepjoph.v4i2.6551 Nepal J Ophthalmol 2012; 4 (2): 315-318

scholarly journals Mucormycosis of stomach

2019 ◽  
Vol 6 (11) ◽  
pp. 4173
Author(s):  
Gaurav Joshi ◽  
Devender Singh ◽  
Yashwant Singh Rathore ◽  
Bhanupratap Singh
Keyword(s):  
Foreign Body ◽  
Early Diagnosis ◽  
Fungal Infection ◽  
Gastrointestinal Endoscopy ◽  
Upper Gastrointestinal Endoscopy ◽  
Diagnostic Challenge ◽  
Food Material ◽  
High Index Of Suspicion ◽  
Upper Gastrointestinal ◽  
Very High

Gastrointestinal mucormycosis is invasive fungal infection with very high mortality if not treated. Early diagnosis is critical. We managed a case of mucormycosis of stomach which was a diagnostic challenge. As symptoms are not specific an upper gastrointestinal endoscopy plays the most important role in the diagnosis of mucormycosis of stomach. Upon endoscopy it may be confused with food material (bread) or a foreign body (Bezoars). Diagnosis is easily missed unless there is very high index of suspicion. Surgical resection of involved organ in combination with systemic administration of amphoterecin B is treatment of choice.

Clinical clues to the early diagnosis and management of ocular surface neoplasia following keratoplasty in xeroderma pigmentosa

2021 ◽  
Vol 14 (8) ◽  
pp. e244322
Author(s):  
Sunita Chaurasia ◽  
Dilip Kumar Mishra
Keyword(s):  
Early Diagnosis ◽  
Ocular Surface ◽  
Penetrating Keratoplasty ◽  
Clinical Signs ◽  
Severe Dysplasia ◽  
Conjunctival Hyperemia ◽  
Diagnosis And Management ◽  
Xeroderma Pigmentosa ◽  
Epithelial Lesions ◽  
The Right

The purpose of this report is to highlight the early clinical signs and management of ocular surface neoplasia following penetrating keratoplasty in xeroderma pigmentosa. A 14-year-old girl reported increased conjunctival hyperemia, tearing, photophobia in the right eye at 6 months after penetrating keratoplasty that worsened rapidly over the subsequent 2 weeks. Slit lamp examination showed increased vascularity, epithelial haze and raised whitish lesions at the graft–host junction. Alcohol keratoepithelectomy was performed for confirming the diagnosis. Histology of the sample revealed severe dysplasia. The lesion resolved after surface plaque brachytherapy. The graft clarity was restored and maintained until the last follow-up of 15 months following brachytherapy. Exacerbated symptoms and clinical signs of increased vascularisation and epithelial lesions should arouse the suspicion of ocular surface neoplasia in grafted eyes. Early diagnosis and management can salvage the graft clarity.

scholarly journals Necrotizing Otitis Externa: A Disease Barely Known to Neurosurgeons

2016 ◽  
Vol 38 (03) ◽  
pp. 239-245
Author(s):  
Sérgio Augusto Vieira Cançado ◽  
Lucídio Duarte de Souza ◽  
Rodrigo Moreira Faleiro ◽  
José Maurício Siqueira
Keyword(s):  
Early Diagnosis ◽  
Skull Base ◽  
Otitis Externa ◽  
Clinical Presentation ◽  
Neurological Impairment ◽  
Diabetic Patients ◽  
Necrotizing Otitis Externa ◽  
Clinical Presentations ◽  
Malignant Otitis Externa ◽  
High Index Of Suspicion

AbstractNecrotizing otitis externa (NOE), also known as malignant otitis externa (MOE), is a severe and rare infectious disease of the external auditory canal (EAC). Without treatment, it may progress to skull base involvement. The bacteria Pseudomonas aeruginosa is the most common causative agent (∼ 90% of the cases), and affects immunocompromised subjects, particularly diabetic patients. Severe chronic otalgia, otorrhea, and cranial nerve palsy are the most common clinical presentations. Patients with NOE are frequently referred to neurosurgery because of the neurological impairment and skull base compromise. The definitive diagnosis is frequently elusive, requiring a high index of suspicion. Several laboratorial tests, imaging modalities, and the histologic exclusion of malignancy may be required. An early diagnosis and aggressive treatment reduce morbidity and mortality. We present four NOE cases to illustrate the spectrum of clinical presentation and complementary exams. According to the literature, more effort for early diagnosis and treatment is required, and neurosurgeons play an important role in this task.

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