scholarly journals How Eiichi Shibusawa Offered Models of Investment and Management to Introduce Modern Business Practices into Japan

2003 ◽  
Vol 19 ◽  
pp. 9-31 ◽  
Author(s):  
Masakazu SHIMADA
2018 ◽  
Vol 31 (4) ◽  
pp. 852-866 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mohammad Reza Mollahoseini Ardakani ◽  
Seyyed Mohsen Hashemi ◽  
Mohammadreza Razzazi

Purpose The purpose of this paper is to propose an applicable method for establishing the dynamic inter-organizational collaborations (DIOCs) based on the scrum methodology. Design/methodology/approach The scrum methodology embedded within the context of the DIOC project life cycle was used and adapted to being usable with specific characteristics of the project. Findings In order to succeed in the highly competitive, dynamic and changing business environments, the organizations need to change their view of business practices. The transition from the traditional status of manufacturing to the inter-organizational collaborations can be one of the fundamental changes in the modern business management. The proposed method has the capability to establish DIOCs effectively and efficiently whilst guaranteeing agility, competitiveness, and risk timely management. Originality/value Establishing collaborative alliances via association of various experienced and professional organizations and producing the value-added market’s need services is an effective and efficient solution for survival of SMEs in the current competitive, dynamic and changing business environment. So far, different frameworks, reference models/architectures, and many theoretical discussions have been presented for DIOCs context, but these representations are conceptual, empirical and generic. This paper aims to propose an applicable iterative and incremental method for establishing the DIOC which guarantees the agility and risk timely management of the establishment process and promotes competitiveness of partners.


Author(s):  
Gurpreet Singh

Abstract: E-commerce is a boom in the modern business. E-commerce means electronic commerce. E- commerce (Electronic commerce) involves buying and selling of goods and services, or the transmitting of funds or data, over an electronic network, predominantly the Internet. E-commerce (Electronic commerce) is a paradigm shift influencing both marketers and the customers. Rather e-commerce is more than just another way to boost the existing business practices. It is leading a complete change in traditional way of doing business. This significant change in business model is witnessing a tremendous growth around the globe and India is not an exception. A massive internet penetration has added to growth of E-commerce and more particularly start-ups have been increasingly using this option as a differentiating business model. Moreover, E-Commerce has significant influences on the environment. Although the model is highly used in current business scenario but the option has not been explored at its fullest. The current research has been undertaken to describe the scenario of E-Commerce, analyze the trends of E-Commerce. The study further examines the key variables imperative for the success of E-commerce business models. Keywords: E-Commerce, Internet, Self-service, Technology, Internet banking.


2018 ◽  
Vol 25 (2) ◽  
pp. 169-197
Author(s):  
Mitchell B. Lerner

The election of Donald J. Trump unsettled many areas of U.S. foreign policy, but few more than the nation’s relationship with Korea. This article argues that the Trump administration’s vision for the world represents a stark break from the tradition of liberal internationalism and instead seeks to take the United States down a path that reflects the modern business practices of giant American corporations. A suitable label for this vision, as the following pages will show, is “Walmart unilateralism.” This framework abandons the traditional American policies of nation building and alliances based on shared ideological values. Instead, it embraces a more short-term approach rooted in financial bottom lines, flexible alliances and rivalries, and the ruthless exploitation of power hierarchies. This new approach, this article concludes, may dramatically transform the American relationship with Korea. Walmart unilateralism in Korea almost certainly will have some short-time positive ramifications for the United States, but its larger failure to consider the history and values of the people living on the Korean Peninsula may generate serious long-term problems for the future experience of the United States in the region.


2018 ◽  
Vol 10 (3) ◽  
pp. 262-279
Author(s):  
Abhijit Roy

Purpose In the past three centuries in India, outsiders have dominated economic fortunes. Yet, for a brief interlude for two decades (i.e. in the 1830s and 1840s), the Bengalis from Eastern India played a dominant role in the modern business sector of the economy as partners of the British. The singular reason behind this phenomenon was the role of Dwarkanath Tagore (DT) in building multiple multiracial business partnerships in a myriad of businesses. This study aims to demonstrate how all of these activities were synthesized in an integrated marketing approach and how DT was the catalyst in forging these partnerships with the British East India Company and other enterprises. Design/methodology/approach A historical research method is used in critically examining the business practices of DT. Resources include a few biographies about him as well as several print sources, including several publications owned by him. Findings DT’s approach to an integrated marketing approach in the nineteenth century, involved the traditional production, distributional and promotional components, and he understood the significance of using all tools at his disposal to reach his market using these synergies, each reinforcing his main self-identify was that of an entrepreneur. He used forward integration techniques in running other operations, e.g. distribution, publishing, advertising and promotion of his products. His multiracial social networks for business and social activities are also identified. Originality/value This study synthesizes different sections of DT’s businesses and illustrates how he used integrated marketing to build an enterprising, profit-making business, which was good for both the economy of Bengal and that of the British East India Company and his other partners. The study also establishes him as a pioneering Indian entrepreneur and identifies major social networks with other business partners (both Indian and British).


2000 ◽  
Vol 14 (2) ◽  
pp. 73-91
Author(s):  
James L. Barnes ◽  
Mohamed Y. Zarrugh ◽  
David J. Lawrence ◽  
Robert L. McKown

The mission of Virginia's Manufacturing Innovation Center (VMIC), funded by Virginia's Center for Innovative Technology and sponsored by James Madison University (JMU), is to enhance the capability of Virginia's small-and medium-sized manufacturing firms initially in the Commonwealth of Virginia, then nationally and internationally, to meet the competitive challenges of the future. VMIC helps build strong economic foundations with a high-quality, well-trained workforce, accessible technology and modern business practices, and forward-looking infrastructure, while improving the quality of life and maintaining strong economic development programmes. Key strategic goals of VMIC are providing access to existing and new advanced manufacturing technology and innovative workforce training for Virginia.


1967 ◽  
Vol 27 (2) ◽  
pp. 198-220 ◽  
Author(s):  
Kozo Yamamura

That the modernization of Japanese political and economic institutions during the Meiji period was spearheaded by the government and the samurai class that manned the government is a widely accepted view. One could, with little effort, assemble numerous quotations (in English or Japanese) reiterating this theme with little or no variation. Government-samurai endeavors such as pioneering in modern technology, subsidy programs (tangible and intangible), dissemination of new knowledge (to include modern business practices), and other aspects of “community-centered entrepreneurship” all support the theme. The purpose of this article is to question this well-entrenched view by submitting the findings of a close examination of the emergence of modern banking in Japan. Although this is only one aspect of the general theme, few students of Japanese economic history would deny that it has been often cited as one of the most typical examples of samurai leadership and of government initiative in the modernization of Japan. Eiichi Shibusawa, a former samurai, has invariably been linked with this development, in an attempt to stress that modern banking was a creation of the samurai class.


2018 ◽  
Vol 12 (2) ◽  
pp. 343-361
Author(s):  
Jamal Abdul Aziz

Berdasarkan kajian terhadap sejarah kemunculan dan sistem operasional Bank Islam beserta kinerjanya, penulis menyimpulkan bahwa konsep bank Islam pada hakekatnya merupakan bentuk islamisasi terhadap institusi perbankan. Hanya saja proses islamisasi yang terjadi baru sebatas pada aspek-aspek yang bersifat marginal, artifisial, dan formal-institusional, seperti penggantian istilah-istilah teknis dalam dunia perbankan dengan istilah yang berasal dari fikih muamalah, penghapusan bunga, dan penolakan terhadap praktek-praktek bisnis yang haram. Selebihnya, bank Islam tidak berbeda dengan bank konvensional. Dampak dari islamisasi yang kurang substansial-komprehensif tersebut adalah timbulnya kesan bahwa bank Islam justru ‘terbelenggu’ oleh konsep-konsep fikih klasik yang mendasarinya, di mana ia cenderung kontra produktif dengan tren  bisnis moderen yang senantiasa menuntut efisiensi dan fleksibilitas. Agar tetap dapat survive di masa-masa mendatang, bank Islam perlu mengevaluasi diri secara terus menerus dengan selalu membuka diri terhadap berbagai kritikan yang dialamatkan kepadanya. Konsepsi yang terlalu berorientasi kepada doktrin harus diimbangi dengan kesadaran akan fakta-fakta dan tuntutan bisnis moderen, baik yang berskala lokal maupun global. Sementara itu cita-cita Islam yang ideal, seperti pemberantasan kemiskinan, pendistribusian kekayaan secara adil, dan penciptaan lapangan kerja, harus tetap menjadi orientasi utamanya. Kata Kunci:Riba, Profit and Loss Sharing, Mudlârabah, Murâbahah, Artificial Aspects of Islam  Abstract:Based on the study of the history of emergence and operation of Islamic Bank and its system performance, the author conclude that the concept of Islamic bank is essentially a form of Islamization of the banking institutions. Such Islamization are limited to the marginal, artificial, and formal-institutional aspects, such as the replacement of technical terms in the banking world with a term derived from the fiqh al-mu’âmalah, the abolition of interest, and the rejection of unlawful business practices. Moreover, the Islamic bank is no different from conventional banks. The impact of such less substantial and comprehensive islamization is the perception that Islamic bank is precisely 'shackled' by the concepts underlying classical fiqh, where it tends to be counter-productive with modern business trends which are constantly demanding efficiency and flexibility. In order to remain able to survive in the future, Islamic banks need to evaluate itself continuously by always open to criticism addressed to them. The conception of Islamic banking oriented too much to the doctrine must be balanced with an awareness of the facts and the demands of modern business, both local and global scale. While the ideals of the Islamic ideal, such as the eradication of poverty, equitable distribution of wealth and job creation, should remain the main orientation.


Author(s):  
Fang Zhao

This chapter studies the role that small and medium-sized enterprises (SMEs) play in the e-supply chain management. It has two objectives: (1) it explores how a SME embraces and implements electronic supply chain management (e-SCM) and the challenges facing it, and (2) it develops strategy to deal with the challenges. The chapter draws upon a case study of IFC Global Logistics (IFC), a small-to-medium-sized third party logistics provider. The case study illustrates how the SME embraces enabling technologies, the Internet, and modern business practices to integrate its supply chain management processes and to create for itself differentiation and a competitive advantage in the tough logistics industry. Based upon a literature review and the case study, the chapter explores effective strategy for SMEs in e-supply chain management.


Author(s):  
Martin Brückner

During the antebellum decades, the patterns of map production and consumption were profoundly altered by technological innovations. The inventions of machine-made paper, lithographic printing, steam-powered presses, and an expanded transportation network altered the faces of the American map industry and the map themselves. Adapting the business models explored by Carey and Melish, a new generation of Philadelphia map publishers, in particular Henry S. Tanner and Samuel A. Mitchell, experimented with a new form of map authorship based on production teams and modern business practices. By pooling the knowledge of map designers as well as engravers and colorists familiar with different printing techniques, and by controlling the construction of special map paper and sales networks, they introduced new designs that changed the look of maps and their materiality. Finally, this chapter shows how the art of mapmaking became increasingly tied to the art of map selling; bolstered by a decline in production costs, a single map design would support multiple material formats, from erasable pasteboards and atlas maps to multicolored wall maps and handkerchief maps.


2013 ◽  
Vol 9 (2) ◽  
pp. 107-134
Author(s):  
Pauline Rule

Abstract Ho A Mei, one of the earliest young Chinese to receive a thorough English education in the colony of Hong Kong, spent ten difficult years from 1858 to 1868, striving to make a fortune in the gold rush Australian colony of Victoria. Here he learnt much about modern business practices and ventures and also protested against the racial hostility that the Chinese encountered. Eventually after his retreat back to Hong Kong and Guangdong Province, he was successful partly because of his experiences in the advanced capitalist economy of colonial Victoria. This led him to move beyond the mercantile enterprises and property buying, which were key activities of many Hong Kong Chinese businessmen, into the areas of modern financial and telegraph services and mining ventures. He also spoke out frequently in a provocative manner against the colonial government over injustices and discrimination that limited the rights and freedom of the Chinese in Hong Kong. During the 1880s and 1890s, he was a recognized Chinese community leader, one whose assertiveness on behalf of Chinese interests was not always appreciated by the Hong Kong authorities.


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