scholarly journals Effects of increased body weight and short-term weight loss on serum PCSK9 levels – a prospective pilot study

2017 ◽  
Vol 2 (2) ◽  
pp. 46-51 ◽  
Author(s):  
Theodosios D. Filippatos ◽  
Evangelos Liberopoulos ◽  
Maria Georgoula ◽  
Constantinos Tellis ◽  
Alexandros D. Tselepis ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Weight Loss ◽  
Body Weight ◽  
Pilot Study ◽  
Short Term ◽  
Prospective Pilot Study

THE BENEFIT OF SHORT-TERM WEIGHT LOSS WITH ANTI-OBESITY MEDICATIONS IN REAL-WORLD CLINICAL PRACTICE

2019 ◽  
Vol 25 (10) ◽  
pp. 1022-1028
Author(s):  
Kelly Shibuya ◽  
Khawla F. Ali ◽  
Xinge Ji ◽  
Alex Milinoivh ◽  
Janine Bauman ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Body Mass Index ◽  
Weight Loss ◽  
Body Weight ◽  
Body Mass ◽  
Real World ◽  
Significant Weight Loss ◽  
Short Term ◽  
Absolute Weight ◽  
Tertiary Healthcare

Objective: The effectiveness of anti-obesity medications (AOMs) outside of clinical trials is unclear. The objective of this study was to compare the short-term effectiveness of AOMs in real-world practice. Methods: This retrospective study included adults aged ≥18 years, with body mass index ≥30 kg/m2 or ≥27 kg/m2 with at least one obesity-related comorbidity who were prescribed phentermine hydrochloride, phenterminetopiramate, bupropion-naltrexone, or lorcaserin for 12 consecutive weeks between 2006 and 2016 at a large tertiary healthcare system. Propensity score–matched cohorts were created for each pair of AOMs. The primary outcomes were percent and absolute weight loss from baseline after 12 weeks. A prediction model was constructed to estimate weight loss with different AOMs based on demographic and clinical data. Results: Of the 3,411 patients included in this study, patients lost an average of 3.45% of body weight from baseline. All AOMs were associated with a significant weight loss from baseline ( P<.0001). Patients lost the highest percentage of body weight on phentermine hydrochloride (3.75 ± 5.66%), followed by phentermine-topiramate (3.63 ± 5.7%), bupropion-naltrexone (2.66 ± 5.03%), and lorcaserin (1.84 ± 6.69%). In propensity-matched cohorts, patients taking phentermine hydrochloride lost more weight than those taking lorcaserin or bupropion-naltrexone, and patients taking phentermine topiramate lost more weight than patients taking lorcaserin. Conclusion: In real-world practice, AOMs are associated with clinically meaningful weight loss of 2 to 4% after 12 weeks. In this study, phentermine hydrochloride and phentermine topiramate produced the most weight loss. AOMs should be seriously considered as part of the armamentarium to treat patients with obesity. Abbreviations: AOM = anti-obesity medication; BMI = body mass index; EMR = electronic medical record; FDA = Food and Drug Administration; T2D = type 2 diabetes

Worksite weight management program

2017 ◽  
Vol 47 (4) ◽  
pp. 490-510 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jian Pei Kong ◽  
Linda Jok ◽  
Azlee Bin Ayub ◽  
Rawa Ak Bau
Keyword(s):  
Weight Loss ◽  
Body Weight ◽  
Primary Healthcare ◽  
Fasting Blood Glucose ◽  
Intervention Group ◽  
Healthcare Setting ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Short Term ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Worksite Intervention

Purpose This study aims to pilot test a new multi-component worksite intervention for weight loss in a primary healthcare setting. Design/methodology/approach This randomized trial involved 88 participants (43, 45; intervention, control group). The intervention group enrolled in a 12-week lifestyle program that involved modification of dietary intake by community Registered Dietitian (RDs) and increasing high-intensity interval training (HITT) with motivational interviewing (MI) to support changes. The control group received traditional counselling and weekly aerobic exercise from Medical Officer and physiotherapist. The primary outcome measure was the changes in body weight. Secondary measures were changes in blood pressure, fasting blood glucose, fasting blood lipid and dietary changes. Assessments were repeated at a three-month interval. Findings There was a significant reduction in body weight and waist circumference within groups. Intervention group demonstrated a significant improvement in all cardiometabolic risk factors. This study showed that primary healthcare setting can be successful locations in promoting short-term health benefits. RDs were more successful and HITT appeared to be a favorable workout with MI in achieving drastic weight loss. Research limitations/implications The short-term worksite intervention and not recording of body composition were the major drawbacks in this study. Originality/value The efficacy of multi-component worksite intervention (Diet–HITT–MI) in primary healthcare setting has not been clearly defined.

scholarly journals Combination Therapy with Amylin and Peptide YY[3–36] in Obese Rodents: Anorexigenic Synergy and Weight Loss Additivity

Endocrinology ◽  
2007 ◽  
Vol 148 (12) ◽  
pp. 6054-6061 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jonathan D. Roth ◽  
Todd Coffey ◽  
Carolyn M. Jodka ◽  
Holly Maier ◽  
Jennifer R. Athanacio ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Weight Loss ◽  
Body Weight ◽  
Food Intake ◽  
Peptide Yy ◽  
Peptide Hormone ◽  
Short Term ◽  
Subcutaneous Infusion ◽  
Body Weight Reduction ◽  
Diet Induced Obesity ◽  
Circulating Levels

Circulating levels of the pancreatic β-cell peptide hormone amylin and the gut peptide PYY[3–36] increase after nutrient ingestion. Both have been implicated as short-term signals of meal termination with anorexigenic and weight-reducing effects. However, their combined effects are unknown. We report that the combination of amylin and PYY[3–36] elicited greater anorexigenic and weight-reducing effects than either peptide alone. In high-fat-fed rats, a single ip injection of amylin (10 μg/kg) plus PYY[3–36] (1000 μg/kg) reduced food intake for 24 h (P &lt; 0.05 vs. vehicle), whereas the anorexigenic effects of either PYY[3–36] or amylin alone began to diminish 6 h after injection. These anorexigenic effects were dissociable from changes in locomotor activity. Subcutaneous infusion of amylin plus PYY[3–36] for 14 d suppressed food intake and body weight to a greater extent than either agent alone in both rat and mouse diet-induced obesity (DIO) models (P &lt; 0.05). In DIO-prone rats, 24-h metabolic rate was maintained despite weight loss, and amylin plus PYY[3–36] (but not monotherapy) increased 24-h fat oxidation (P &lt; 0.05 vs. vehicle). Finally, a 4 × 3 factorial design was used to formally describe the interaction between amylin and PYY[3–36]. DIO-prone rats were treated with amylin (0, 4, 20, and 100 μg/kg·d) and PYY[3–36] (0, 200, 400 μg/kg·d) alone and in combination for 14 d. Statistical analyses revealed that food intake suppression with amylin plus PYY[3–36] treatment was synergistic, whereas body weight reduction was additive. Collectively, these observations highlight the importance of studying peptide hormones in combination and suggest that integrated neurohormonal approaches may hold promise as treatments for obesity.

The feasibility and utility of a protein sparing modified fast (PSMF) in obese endometrial cancer survivors: A pilot study.

2016 ◽  
Vol 34 (3_suppl) ◽  
pp. 170-170
Author(s):  
Thomas Patrick Lawler ◽  
Mary Beth Kavanagh ◽  
Christa Irene Nagel ◽  
Kristen Taylor Ruckstuhl ◽  
Sareena Singh ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Weight Loss ◽  
Body Weight ◽  
Endometrial Cancer ◽  
Pilot Study ◽  
High Risk ◽  
Cancer Survivors ◽  
High Risk Population ◽  
Rapid Weight Loss ◽  
Protein Sparing ◽  
Lipid Panel

170 Background: Endometrial cancer affects 50,000 women a year. Obesity plays a significant role in the pathogenesis of endometrial cancer. Obese endometrial cancer survivors (ECS) are at significant lifetime risk of diabetes, cardiovascular disease (CVD), recurrence and death. There are no prospective studies examining the role of diet only in attempting to achieve weight loss in obese ECS. Protein sparing modified fast (PSMF), an approach to rapid weight loss, has been used to treat obesity in a safe manner. A pilot study is underway to investigate the feasibility of a PSMF for weight loss in this high risk population. Methods: To date, seven obese (BMI > 30kg/m^2) ECS have been placed on a PSMF under the supervision of a physician and dietitian. Patients provided demographic information and Obesity Quality of Life (OQOL) questionnaire. Comprehensive metabolic panel with lipid panel and biomarkers of inflammation were drawn. Patients were instructed to eliminate carbohydrate containing foods and to augment with 1.2g/kg of protein per obesity-adjusted ideal body weight. Primary objectives are: total weight loss, subject retention, compliance, side effects, QOL and alterations in markers of obesity and inflammation. Results: The median age of the patient group was 56 years. Median baseline weight was 292.4 pounds (185.9-369). Median BMI was 44.5 kg/m2 (37.5-61.4). Mean baseline leptin level was 54.3 ng/ml (normal: 2.5-21.8). Mean baseline C-reactive protein level, a strong marker for CVD, was 4.574 (high risk for CVD > 3). At 4 weeks median percent body weight lost was -6.48% (5.19%-7.00%). At 3 months the median loss nearly doubled to -13% (8.31%-14.11%). Significant reduction in CRP and leptin occurred in 2 patients: mean decrease was 3.9 and 28 points respectively. Conclusions: Our early data demonstrate that significant weight loss in obese endometrial cancer survivors is achievable in a standard outpatient gynecologic oncology practice. While long term follow up data and elucidation of the true significance of improvement in serum inflammatory markers are needed, we do know that even a 5-10% loss of body weight can lead to substantial improvement in CVD and diabetes risk.

Abstract P385: My Unlimited Health Potential: Short term Effect of Participation in a Worksite Lifestyle Intervention Program on Significant Weight Loss and Eligibility Criteria for Bariatric Surgery Among High Risk Individuals

Circulation ◽  
2014 ◽  
Vol 129 (suppl_1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Lara L Roberson ◽  
Ehimen Aneni ◽  
Sameer Shaharyar ◽  
Ebenezer Oni ◽  
Maribeth Rouseff ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Cardiovascular Disease ◽  
Bariatric Surgery ◽  
Weight Loss ◽  
Body Weight ◽  
High Risk ◽  
Disease Risk ◽  
Morbidly Obese ◽  
Metabolic Risk ◽  
Short Term

Background: Current recommendations support bariatric surgery among the morbidly obese as an option to mitigate future risk of cardiovascular disease, diabetes and hypertension. To date, there is little evidence on the effect of extensive lifestyle interventions among those high-risk individuals in reducing the need for such procedures. Methods: The purpose of the present study was to examine the efficacy of an intensive lifestyle workplace intervention on significant body weight and cardiovascular disease risk factors across the spectrum of obesity. Changes in BMI were measured from baseline to 12 week follow up, along with corresponding improvements in cardio-metabolic risk. In addition, the decrease in participants meeting criteria for bariatric surgery over the study period was examined. Bariatric surgery criteria were defined as BMI≥40 or BMI between 35 and 40 and at least one of the following co-morbidities: diabetes, hypertension, or high cholesterol. Results: The study population consisted of 169 individuals (49±10 years, 77% female) with BMI≥27 at baseline and complete data at follow-up. A total of 65 (39%) participants lost at least 5% of both their initial BMI and body weight. Additionally, 32% dropped an entire BMI category. Of note, 38%(18 of 48) who were classified as BMI>40 were in BMI 35-39 at follow-up, respectively 37%(13 of 55) of individuals in the BMI category 35-39 successfully moved to the BMI category 30-34 at 3 months follow-up. Sixty-three participants (37% of total) initially met criteria for bariatric surgery. At 12 weeks follow-up 35% (22 of 63) of these candidates no longer qualified. Conclusions: Worksites can be effective for achieving clinically important reductions in body weight and diminish the potential need for procedures among a small proportion of morbidly obese individuals. Further follow-up is needed to ascertain whether weight loss can be sustained long-term, and if the short term gains will translate to significant improvements in cardio-metabolic risk profile.

High-Protein, Low-Fat, Short-Term Diet Results in Less Stress and Fatigue Than Moderate-Protein, Moderate-Fat Diet During Weight Loss in Male Weightlifters: A Pilot Study

2015 ◽  
Vol 25 (2) ◽  
pp. 163-170 ◽  
Author(s):  
Eric R. Helms ◽  
Caryn Zinn ◽  
David S. Rowlands ◽  
Ruth Naidoo ◽  
John Cronin
Keyword(s):  
Weight Loss ◽  
Pilot Study ◽  
High Protein ◽  
Mood Disturbance ◽  
Low Fat ◽  
Short Term ◽  
Double Blind ◽  
Fatigue Score ◽  
Total Mood Disturbance ◽  
Stress Fatigue

Purpose:Athletes risk performance and muscle loss when dieting. Strategies to prevent losses are unclear. This study examined the effects of two diets on anthropometrics, strength, and stress in athletes.Methods:This double-blind crossover pilot study began with 14 resistance-trained males (20-43 yr) and incurred one dropout. Participants followed carbohydrate-matched, high-protein low-fat (HPLF) or moderate-protein moderate-fat (MPMF) diets of 60% habitual calories for 2 weeks. Protein intakes were 2.8g/kg and 1.6g/kg and mean fat intakes were 15.4% and 36.5% of calories, respectively. Isometric midthigh pull (IMTP) and anthropometrics were measured at baseline and completion. The Daily Analysis of Life Demands of Athletes (DALdA) and Profile of Mood States (POMS) were completed daily. Outcomes were presented statistically as probability of clinical benefit, triviality, or harm with effect sizes (ES) and qualitative assessments.Results:Differences of effect between diets on IMTP and anthropometrics were likely or almost certainly trivial, respectively. Worse than normal scores on DALDA part A, part B and the part A “diet” item were likely more harmful (ES 0.32, 0.4 and 0.65, respectively) during MPMF than HPLF. The POMS fatigue score was likely more harmful (ES 0.37) and the POMS total mood disturbance score (TMDS) was possibly more harmful (ES 0.29) during MPMF than HPLF.Conclusions:For the 2 weeks observed, strength and anthropometric differences were minimal while stress, fatigue, and diet-dissatisfaction were higher during MPMF. A HPLF diet during short-term weight loss may be more effective at mitigating mood disturbance, fatigue, diet dissatisfaction, and stress than a MPMF diet.

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