Conclusion

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Scott Pacey
Keyword(s):  
Political Context ◽  
Modern World ◽  
Postwar Period ◽  
Intense Competition ◽  
Political Ideologies ◽  
Religious Resources ◽  
Value Sets

The conclusion sets out the main contributions of this study. First, it shows that a cohort of well-known, elite Buddhists engaged in intense competition with Christians in the postwar period, seeking to align themselves with the contemporary socio-political context. Second, it shows that the type of modernity matters when discussing religion in the modern world. In this case, the study showed that Buddhists identified with the broad set of values that flourished in the postwar period under the KMT, and that they competed with Christians on the basis of these. Finally, the study shows that identity itself is not simply the product of internal religious resources (beliefs, modes of practice, authorities), but also emerges through engagement or competition with external value sets (such as political ideologies or other religions).

scholarly journals The Trump Presidency and the Structure of Modern American Politics

2018 ◽  
Vol 17 (02) ◽  
pp. 340-357 ◽  
Author(s):  
Byron E. Shafer ◽  
Regina L. Wagner
Keyword(s):  
American Politics ◽  
Policy Making ◽  
Bill Clinton ◽  
Barack Obama ◽  
Modern World ◽  
Postwar Period ◽  
Donald Trump ◽  
Substantive Content ◽  
Ideological Polarization ◽  
Policy Making Process

How much of politics is specific to its actors and how much is the reflection of an established structure is a perennial concern of political analysts, one that becomes especially intense with the candidacy and then the presidency of Donald Trump. In order to have a template for assigning the outcomes of politics to structure rather than idiosyncrasy, we begin with party balance, ideological polarization, substantive content, and a resulting process of policy-making drawn from the immediate postwar period. The analysis then jumps forward with that same template to the modern world, dropping first the Trump candidacy and then the Trump presidency into this framework. What emerges is a modern electoral world with increased prospects for what might be called off-diagonal candidacies and a policy-making process that gathers Bill Clinton, George W. Bush, Barack Obama, and Donald Trump together as the modern presidents.

Meo's Fists – Fighting For or Against Fascism? The Subversive Nature of Text and Image in Giovanni Bertinetti's I pugni di Meo

2008 ◽  
Vol 1 (1) ◽  
pp. 1-15
Author(s):  
LINDSAY MYERS
Keyword(s):  
Children's Literature ◽  
Children’S Literature ◽  
Political Context ◽  
Text And Image ◽  
Abuse Of Power ◽  
Children's Book ◽  
Political Ideologies ◽  
Book Illustrations ◽  
Words And Images ◽  
Stylistic Changes

During the 1920s and 1930s Italian children's literature was heavily influenced by fascist propaganda. Stories which celebrated patriotism, militarism and obedience appeared in great numbers as did biographies of Mussolini. Children's book illustrations also underwent stylistic changes becoming more statuary and geometric in accordance with the principles behind fascist architecture and propagandist art. Not all of the Italian writers and artists who ostensibly endorsed fascist ideologies, however, were entirely compliant with fascist dictates. Careful reading of some of the key works by writers and artists outwardly supportive of the regime reveals underlying subversive political ideologies, the majority of which have yet to be acknowledged. One of the ways in which writers and artists of the fascist period inscribed subversive ideologies in their works was by manipulating contemporary visual and verbal codes. This paper focuses on the dialectic of text and image in Giovanni Bertinetti's I pugni di Meo [Meo's fists], a children's fantasy, illustrated by the well-known artist, Attilio Mussino. Situating text and illustrations in their socio-political context, it discusses how these artists manipulated words and images to convey an ideology of moderation in the midst of excessive use and abuse of power in Italy in the 1930s.

scholarly journals Differences between Conservatives and Liberals in Information-Seeking Behavior and Perceived Risks Associated with Climate-Driven Changes to Local Forest Conditions

2016 ◽  
Vol 8 (1) ◽  
pp. 43-55 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jordan W. Smith ◽  
Karly Bitsura-Meszaros ◽  
Rosemary Keane
Keyword(s):  
Communication Networks ◽  
Information Seeking ◽  
Perceived Risk ◽  
Mail Survey ◽  
Full Time ◽  
Key Factors ◽  
Climate Conditions ◽  
Political Ideologies ◽  
Value Sets ◽  
Forest Conditions

Abstract Ideological value sets have the potential to shape individuals’ preferences as well as their psychological and behavioral responses to new information. Being socially constructed, ideologies are likely to be formed and modified through the exchanges individuals have in their established information and communication networks. This study examined whether or not individuals’ political ideologies and their access to climate-related information are related to several key factors influencing their perceived capacity to adapt to climate-driven changes to local forest conditions. The key factors investigated include: perceived risk; the willingness to learn about potential impacts; the willingness to plan for variable climate futures; and a general perception of self-efficacy. Data come from a mail survey completed by 420 full-time residents living in three amenity-rich forest-related communities in western North Carolina (United States). The results suggest individuals’ political ideologies are related to some, but not all, of the information sources asked about. The results also suggest political ideologies are related to perceived risk, with conservatives perceiving climate-driven changes to local forest conditions as more severe relative to liberals. These findings have several implications regarding the effective dissemination of information related to how increasingly variable climate conditions may affect local forest conditions.

The New Nachkriegsgeschichte (1945–49): West Germans in Search of Their Historical Origins

1977 ◽  
Vol 10 (4) ◽  
pp. 312-328 ◽  
Author(s):  
Diethelm Prowe
Keyword(s):  
Historical Consciousness ◽  
Political Context ◽  
German History ◽  
Postwar Period ◽  
Historical Inquiry ◽  
Significant Development ◽  
History Of ◽  
Historical Origins

A MOST significant development has been taking place in the field of German history in the last half dozen years or so. Although largely overshadowed, especially in this country, by such emotion-laden issues as the Fritz Fischer debate and the ever popular history of Nazism, it has been quietly changing the terrain of German history and touching the historical consciousness of West Germans in essential ways. It is the maturation of the postwar period from 1945 to 1949 into a significant and sophisticated area of historical inquiry. In a larger West German cultural-political context this has meant the reclaiming of a piece of German history long regarded as lost together with the war and assorted eastern territories.

An Official Image of the World for the Hispanic Monarchy

Nuncius ◽  
2014 ◽  
Vol 29 (2) ◽  
pp. 389-438 ◽  
Author(s):  
Antonio Sánchez
Keyword(s):  
Early Modern ◽  
Flat Surface ◽  
Three Dimensional ◽  
Political Context ◽  
Modern World ◽  
The World

This paper discusses the Padrón Real (Royal Pattern Chart or master sea chart), an official class of maps of the world instituted by the Spanish monarchy and produced by Seville’s Casa de la Contratación (House of Trade) from 1508 onwards, in a political context dominated by the dispute between the two largest expansionist empires in Europe – Portugal and Castile – which was heightened following the signing of the Treaty of Tordesillas in 1494. The Padrón Real became a model for European cartographers and its history sheds light on the development of map-making practices at the Casa in the Crown’s attempt to regulate cosmography for its own political ends. The Padrón Real was unprecedented for its time and, together with the question of how to determine longitude, reflected what were the most important cartographic challenges facing the early modern world: how to represent a three-dimensional body – the globe – on a flat surface and how to provide reliable geographic maps when they were subject to constant revision.

An analysis of the metaphorical usage of campaign slogans in the 1996 presidential campaign in Taiwan

2000 ◽  
Vol 10 (1) ◽  
pp. 93-114 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jennifer M. Wei
Keyword(s):  
Presidential Election ◽  
Political Rhetoric ◽  
Theoretical Background ◽  
Political Context ◽  
Presidential Campaign ◽  
Presidential Candidates ◽  
The Public ◽  
Political Ideologies

This paper explores a variety of metaphors notably, war, revenge, and a journey of spirituality awakening — used by the 1996 presidential and vice-presidential candidates in Taiwan. It uses the 1996 presidential election rhetoric as a case study to analyze how political ideologies, tactics and strategies are incorporated in metaphors in presidential slogans. It adopts Lakoff & Johnson (1980)’s proposal of metaphor as symbols that orient our perception and influence how we structure our actions. Kennedy (1998)’s treaties on political rhetoric are introduced as theoretical background for further analysis, following a short sketch of the socio-political context of recent democratic developments in Taiwan. Studies of the election rhetoric, its contributions and limitations are then examined. Data for analysis were collected from newspapers, official memoranda and pamphlets available to the public over the campaign period, roughly from late January to late March in 1996. The results show overlaps and contrasts of metaphorical usage among the four sets of candidates. In conclusion, metaphorical usage not only orients the campaign style of the candidates but also shapes voters’ perceptions of proposed political ideals.

scholarly journals La restauración de templos en el periodo de posguerra y la asunción de criterios de vanguardia = The restoration of temples in the postwar period and the assumption of vanguard criteria

2015 ◽  
Vol 1 (1) ◽  
pp. 40
Author(s):  
José Luis Javier Pérez Martín
Keyword(s):  
Catholic Church ◽  
Political Context ◽  
Postwar Period ◽  
Second Republic ◽  
The Law ◽  
The Catholic Church ◽  
Franco Period

La Ley sobre protección del Tesoro Artístico Nacional, redactada en 1933, durante la segunda República, permaneció vigente durante todo el periodo franquista, lo que lleva a plantarnos su vigencia y aplicación efectiva. En este trabajo nos centramos sobre los criterios aplicados a la reparación de los bienes pertenecientes a la Iglesia Católica, dentro del nuevo contexto sociopolítico de la posguerra. Abstract The Law on the Protection of the National Artistic Treasure, written in 1933, during the Second Republic, remained effective throughout the Franco period, leading to plant us their operation and application. In this paper we focus on the criteria applied to the repair of property belonging to the Catholic Church, in the new political context of the postwar period.

scholarly journals PEMIKIRAN POLITIK ISLAM MUHAMMAD ‘ABID AL-JABIRI: Telaah terhadap Buku al-‘Aql al-Siyâsi al-‘Arabî: Muhaddidâtuh wa Tajalliyâtuh

2015 ◽  
Vol 39 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Jamal Abdul Aziz
Keyword(s):  
Political System ◽  
Party System ◽  
Arab World ◽  
Modern World ◽  
The Political ◽  
Political Ideologies ◽  
Proficiency Level ◽  
Islamic Political Thought ◽  
Productive Systems ◽  
Logical Representation

<p>Abstrak: Sistem politik di dunia Arab modern yang umumnya dikesankan sebagai otoriter dan despotis, menarik perhatian al-Jabiri untuk menelaah akar permasalah- annya. Ia telah melakukan penelaahan secara jeli dan kemudian menemukan akar permasalahannya. Menurutnya, ada tiga hal mendasar dalam nalar politik bawah sadar masyarakat Arab yang memengaruhi realitas sistem politik dunia Arab yang cenderung tidak demokratis saat ini, yakni nalar qabîlah, ghanîmah, dan ‘aqîdah. Qabîlah merupakan representasi dari nalar politik yang nepotis dan sektarian, ghanîmah adalah manifestasi dari sistem keuangan negara yang tidak sehat (karena cenderung konsumtif), sedangkan ‘aqîdah adalah representasi dari paham ataupun ideologi politik yang doktriner. Untuk mengatasinya, ketiga pola pikir yang mendasar tesebut perlu diubah menjadi sistem partai yang egaliter dan profesional; sistem fiskal yang produktif dan sustainable; dan pola pikir yang rasional dan objektif.</p><p><br />Abstract: Muhammad‘Abid al-Jabiri’s Islamic Political Thought: A Study of his al-‘Aql al-Siyâsi al-‘Arabî: Muhaddidâtuh wa Tajalliyâtuh.The political system in theArab modern world generally perceived as authoritarian and despotic attracted al-Jabiri to examine the root of the problem. He has conducted a sharp review and then find the root of the problem. According to him there are three fundamental elements in political reasoning subconscious Arab society that affect the reality of the political system of the Arab world who tend not democratic today, the reasonof qabîlah, ghanîmah, and ‘aqîdah. Qabîlahwas a logical representation of political and sectarian nepotistic, ghanîmah is a manifestation of the country’s financial system that is not healthy, while ‘aqîdah is a representation of understanding or doctrinaire political ideologies. To overcome this, such the three basic proficiency level mindset needs to be changed, the mindset qabîlah who was nepotistic and ethnocentric converted into an egalitarian party system and professional; reason ghanîmah converted into productive systems and sustainable fiscal; and ‘aqîdahreason converted into a mindset that is rational and objective.</p><p><br />Kata Kunci: politik Islam, al-Jabiri, nalar qabilah, nalar ghanîmah, nalar ‘aqîdah</p>

Faulkner and the Power of Sound

PMLA ◽  
1984 ◽  
Vol 99 (1) ◽  
pp. 89-108
Author(s):  
Karl F. Zender
Keyword(s):  
Modern World ◽  
Postwar Period ◽  
Creative Power ◽  
The World ◽  
Artistic Voice ◽  
The Mind

Changes in Faulkner's depictions of sound during the course of his career reflect changes in his understanding of his relation to the world and of himself as an artist. In his early work, he uses images of sound to express a highly romanticized yearning for reconciliation with the world. As his career advances, regret over the passing of the world of his youth and distaste for the modern world replacing it lead him to emphasize the idea of sound as a hostile force, intent on invading the mind. In the postwar period, as he senses that his creative power is declining, he comes to envision himself and the world as engaged in a struggle for dominance, and he devises a variety of ingenious fictional stratagems with which to annul the world's sounds and to reaffirm his belief in the power of his artistic voice.

scholarly journals Pilgrimage as a socio-cultural phenomenon on the example of major world religions (philosophical approach)

2021 ◽  
Vol 24 (1) ◽  
pp. 69-79
Author(s):  
Nataly Zatsepina
Keyword(s):  
Interpersonal Communication ◽  
Religious Tradition ◽  
Modern World ◽  
World Religions ◽  
Philosophical Approach ◽  
Economic Role ◽  
Cultural Phenomenon ◽  
Political Ideologies ◽  
Religious Systems ◽  
Tourism Flows

The article examines pilgrimage tourism as a modern socio-cultural phenomenon on the example of major world religions. An attempt is made to explain and determine its features by drawing a parallel between religious (cultural) tourism and pilgrimage. It is determined that the basis of modern pilgrimage is an ancient religious tradition, which is becoming a global socio-cultural phenomenon against the background of the weakening role of world political ideologies. In addition, pilgrimage contributes to the expansion of modern intercivilizational contacts, making all corners of the planet accessible to pilgrimages, but it dramatically changes the nature of interpersonal communication and affects the spiritual mood of modern pilgrims. Various forms of modern pilgrimage, their features and manifestations in intercultural communication of believers during the period of their religious travels are also studied. On the other hand, it is determined that the current modern world dominant trends in end-to-end commercialization, which turn resources, national cultural and religious shrines into goods. Therefore, religious trips, although they have their own characteristics, but equally apply to the provision of traditional tourist services, as well as other tours, and pilgrimage becomes part of the tourism business. Considering pilgrimage as a socio-cultural phenomenon in world religions, special attention is paid to the organic combination of national and supranational, ie the practice of this ancient tradition, common to a particular denomination. To better understand the principles of formation of religious tourism flows, an analysis of the confessional delimitation of territorial religious systems on the example of Europe. Pilgrimage is defined as a promising type of tourism that can reach the international level, become a major attraction of both individual regions and the country as a whole, and play an important economic role in the development of a particular area. That is why modern pilgrimage needs development and popularization.

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