scholarly journals Some of the clinico-epidemiological features of human rotavirus in children with gastroenteritis below five years of age, A hospitalbased study

2021 ◽  
Vol 23 (09) ◽  
pp. 829-837
Author(s):  
Dr.Emtithal A. Wahed Muhammad Saeed ◽  
◽  
Dr.Rana Ismail Afram ◽  
Dr. Ishraq Muneam Hameed ◽  
◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Protective Factor ◽  
Latex Agglutination ◽  
Watery Diarrhea ◽  
Stool Examination ◽  
Rotavirus Infection ◽  
Epidemiological Features ◽  
Human Rotavirus ◽  
Wbc Count ◽  
Winter Time ◽  
A Prospective Study

Background: A prospective study done for 7 months in the period between the 1st of January 2009 to the 1st of August 2009 on 200 patients with gastroenteritis attending Child’ Central Teaching Hospital in Baghdad, Iraq. The aim of the study: to determine the frequency of rotavirus infection among children with gastroenteritis and to identify the important clinical features of the illness. Patients and method: A sample of 200 children below 5 years of age with gastroenteritis were tested for the presence of human rotavirus using latex agglutination test to examine the stool sample in addition to general stool examination, stool PH, PCV ,WBC count, blood urea and serum electrolytes. Results: The results reveal that the frequency of rotavirus infection among children less than five years of age with gastroenteritis was 28% and that most infected children were below 2 years of age , and have watery diarrhea and the infection is significantly increasing during winter time and more common among artificially fed infants. Conclusion: Rotavirus is an important cause of morbidity among young children with gastroenteritis and breast feeding is an important protective factor.

scholarly journals Prevalence and factors associated with Group A rotavirus infection among children with acute diarrhea in Mwanza, Tanzania

2011 ◽  
Vol 6 (06) ◽  
pp. 508-515 ◽  
Author(s):  
Akwila Temu ◽  
Erasmus Kamugisha ◽  
Damas L Mwizamholya ◽  
Aldofina Hokororo ◽  
Jeremiah Seni ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Hospital Stay ◽  
Latex Agglutination ◽  
Watery Diarrhea ◽  
Severe Malnutrition ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Rotavirus Infection ◽  
Acute Watery Diarrhea ◽  
Group A ◽  
The Mean ◽  
Prolonged Hospital

Introduction: Rotavirus infections frequently cause acute gastroenteritis in humans and are the most important cause of severe dehydrating diarrhea in young children in both developed and developing countries. Methodology: This was a prospective cross-sectional, hospital-based study on 300 children ≤ 5 years with acute watery diarrhea who attended Bugando Medical Centre (BMC) and Nyamagana District hospital between May and November 2009. Stool specimens were tested for rotavirus infection using latex agglutination test. Data were cleaned and analyzed using SPSS 11.0. Results: Of 300 children with acute watery diarrhea, 136 (45.3%) were female and the mean age was 12.63 months (SD = 10.4). Sixty-two (20.7%) children were found to have rotavirus infection. Of children with severe malnutrition three (37.5%) were infected with rotavirus. Fifty-two (84%) of children with rotavirus infection were below two years of age. Severe dehydration was present in 48 (16%) children of whom 12 (25%) were infected with rotavirus compared to 18 (16.6%) of 109 children with no dehydration. Living next door to a child with diarrhea was highly associated with rotavirus infection (43% versus 19%; p = 0.036). The mean hospital stay among children with rotavirus infection was 3.66 days versus 2.5 days for those without rotavirus (p = 0.005).      Conclusion: Rotavirus infection is prevalent in Mwanza region and contributes to prolonged hospital stay. Proper education on hygiene to control diarrheal diseases among children should be emphasized. Extensive studies to determine the serotypes of rotavirus are warranted in the region before rotavirus vaccine is introduced.

Epidemiological features of rotavirus infection in Caracas, Venezuela: Implications for rotavirus immunization programs

1999 ◽  
Vol 59 (4) ◽  
pp. 520-526 ◽  
Author(s):  
Irene P�rez-Schael ◽  
Rosabel Gonz�lez ◽  
Rosa Fern�ndez ◽  
Edgar Alfonzo ◽  
David Inaty ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Immunization Programs ◽  
Rotavirus Infection ◽  
Epidemiological Features

The prognostic efficacy of beta2-microglobulin in acute pulmonary embolism

2017 ◽  
Vol 16 (2) ◽  
pp. 52-59
Author(s):  
Sotirios Kakavas ◽  
◽  
Aggeliki Papanikolaou ◽  
Evangelos Balis ◽  
Evgenios Metaxas ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Pulmonary Embolism ◽  
Acute Pulmonary Embolism ◽  
C Reactive Protein ◽  
Reactive Protein ◽  
Risk Of Death ◽  
Increased Risk ◽  
Preliminary Study ◽  
Wbc Count ◽  
A Prospective Study ◽  
Acute Pe

Our aim was to prospectively assess the prognostic value of beta2- microglobulin (b2-M) in patients with acute pulmonary embolism (PE). We conducted a prospective study of 109 patients admitted in a pulmonary clinic due to acute PE. A panel of inflammatory markers including b2-M white blood cell (WBC) count and C-reactive protein (CRP) was determined for each patient. In this preliminary study, baseline b2-M levels significantly correlated with the impairment of oxygenation and with all the parameters that are used for the early risk stratification of patients. In multivariate analysis, patients’ age and baseline b2-M levels were significantly associated with an increased risk of death. These findings require further prospective validation.

scholarly journals In Vitroandin VivoEvaluation of the Efficacy of Bovine Colostrum against Human Rotavirus Infection

2010 ◽  
Vol 74 (3) ◽  
pp. 680-682 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mizuho INAGAKI ◽  
Mayumi YAMAMOTO ◽  
XIJIER ◽  
CAIRANGZHUOMA ◽  
Kenji UCHIDA ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Bovine Colostrum ◽  
Rotavirus Infection ◽  
Human Rotavirus

scholarly journals Effectiveness of live attenuated monovalent human rotavirus vaccination in rural Ecuador, 2008-2013

2018 ◽  
Author(s):  
Alicia N. M. Kraay ◽  
Edward L. Ionides ◽  
Gwenyth O. Lee ◽  
William F. Cevallos Trujillo ◽  
Joseph N.S. Eisenberg
Keyword(s):  
Indirect Effects ◽  
Cox Regression ◽  
Age Groups ◽  
Community Setting ◽  
Population Level ◽  
Population Based ◽  
Case Control ◽  
Rotavirus Infection ◽  
Human Rotavirus ◽  
Overall Effectiveness

AbstractBackgroundWhile live attenuated monovalent human rotavirus vaccine (Rotarix) efficacy has been characterized through randomized studies, its effectiveness, especially in non-clinical settings, is unclear. In this study, we estimate direct, indirect, and overall effectiveness of Rotarix vaccination.MethodsWe analyze 29 months of all-cause diarrhea surveillance from a child cohort (n=376) and ten years of serial population-based case-control lab-confirmed rotavirus data (n=2489) from rural Ecuador during which Rotarix vaccination was introduced. We estimate: 1) the direct effect of vaccination from a cohort of children born from 2008-2013 using Cox regression to compare time to first all-cause diarrhea case by vaccine status; and 2) the overall effect on all-cause diarrheal and symptomatic and asymptomatic rotavirus infection for all age groups, including indirect effects on adults, from the case-control data using weighted logistic regression.ResultsRotarix vaccination provided direct protection against all-cause diarrhea among children 0.5 - 2 years (All-cause diarrhea reduction for receipt of 2 doses of Rotarix=57.1%, 95% CI: 16.6, 77.9%). Overall effectiveness against rotavirus infection was strong (Exposure to 100% coverage of Rotarix vaccination was associated with an 85.5% reduction, 95% CI: 61.1-94.6%) compared to 0% coverage. Indirect effects were observed among older, vaccine-ineligible children and adults (84.5% reduction, 95% CI: 48.2-95.4%). Vaccine effectiveness was high against both symptomatic (48.3% reduction,95% CI: 0.03-73.1%) and asymptomatic infection (90.1% reduction, 95% CI: 56.9-97.7%).ConclusionsRotarix vaccination suppresses overall transmission. It is highly effective among children in a rural community setting and provides population-level benefits through indirect protection among adults.

scholarly journals A study of rotavirus infection in acute diarrhoea in children less than 5 years of age

2021 ◽  
Vol 8 (4) ◽  
pp. 321-326
Author(s):  
Pramod N Sambrani ◽  
Pooja Mansabdar ◽  
Mahesh Kumar S
Keyword(s):  
Acute Diarrhoea ◽  
High Sensitivity ◽  
Childhood Mortality ◽  
Major Morbidity ◽  
Rotavirus Infection ◽  
Stool Samples ◽  
Diarrhoeal Diseases ◽  
Rotavirus Diarrhea ◽  
A Prospective Study ◽  
Children Under 5

: Diarrhoeal diseases account for an estimated 1.5 million deaths globally every year making it the second leading cause of childhood mortality. In India 1 out of every 250 children die of rotavirus diarrhea each year.: To find out the incidence of rotavirus infection in acute diarrhoeal cases in children under 5 years of age.: A prospective study was conducted on 100 non repetetive stool samples of Children under 5 years of age, presenting with acute diarrhea and hospitalized in the pediatric ward, during December 2015 to November 2016. Stool samples were processed according to premier rotaclone enzyme immunoassay protocol for the detection of rotavirus antigen, adhering to standard laboratory precautions.: The incidence of acute diarrhoeal diseases was 5.86% in our setting. was detected in 29% cases by ELISA method.The antigen detection by EIA is a reliable test, as it is quantitative and also has high sensitivity and specificity. Hence, can be routinely employed to prevent major morbidity and mortality among children, especially less than 5 years of age.

scholarly journals A prospective study of the motivational and health dynamics of Internet Gaming Disorder

2018 ◽  
Author(s):  
Andrew K Przybylski
Keyword(s):  
Protective Factor ◽  
Internet Gaming Disorder ◽  
Need Satisfaction ◽  
Reciprocal Relationship ◽  
Gaming Disorder ◽  
Internet Gaming ◽  
Health Dynamics ◽  
A Prospective Study ◽  
And Behavior ◽  
Over Time

The American Psychiatric Association has identified Internet Gaming Disorder (IGD) as a potential psychiatric condition and called for research to investigate its etiology, stability, and impacts on health and behavior. The present study recruited 5,777 American adults and applied self-determination theory to examine how motivational factors influence, and are influenced by, IGD and health across a six month period. Following a preregistered analysis plan, results confirmed our hypotheses that IGD criteria are moderately stable and that they and basic psychological need satisfaction have a reciprocal relationship over time. Results also showed need satisfaction promoted health and served as a protective factor against IGD. Contrary to what was hypothesized, results provided no evidence directly linking IGD to health over time. Exploratory analyses suggested that IGD may have indirect effects on health by way of its impact on basic needs. Implications are discussed in terms of existing gaming addiction and motivational frameworks.

Influence of Temperature and Relative Humidity on Human Rotavirus Infection in Japan

1983 ◽  
Vol 147 (1) ◽  
pp. 125-128 ◽  
Author(s):  
T. Konno ◽  
H. Suzuki ◽  
N. Katsushima ◽  
A. Imai ◽  
F. Tazawa ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Relative Humidity ◽  
Influence Of Temperature ◽  
Rotavirus Infection ◽  
Human Rotavirus

Can We Screen Febrile Children for Pneumonia and/or Bacteremia Without Chest X-ray Films and Blood Cultures?

PEDIATRICS ◽  
1978 ◽  
Vol 61 (2) ◽  
pp. 332-333
Author(s):  
Henry M. Feder
Keyword(s):  
Young Children ◽  
Prospective Study ◽  
False Negative ◽  
Blood Cultures ◽  
Chest Roentgenogram ◽  
Negative Group ◽  
X Ray ◽  
Chest X Ray ◽  
Wbc Count ◽  
A Prospective Study

McCarthy et al. in their article "Temperature Greater Than or Equal to 40 C in Children Less Than 24 Months of Age: A Prospective Study" (Pediatrics 59:663, May 1977) recommend using both WBC count (≥ 15,000/cu mm) and ESR (≥ 30 mm/hr) for screening febrile young children for pneumonia or bacteremia. If either is elevated they suggest doing blood cultures and taking a chest roentgenogram. However, in 25% of their patients with bacteremia and 42% of their patients with pneumonia neither WBC count nor ESR was elevated, leaving a sizable false-negative group.

Sign in / Sign up

Export Citation Format

Share Document