scholarly journals The effect of shape hollow block brick on the economy and the heat transfer coefficient

2021 ◽  
Vol 23 (12) ◽  
pp. 442-463
Author(s):  
Marwa Nossier Hamdan El-Hamaida ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Heat Transfer ◽  
Heat Transfer Coefficient ◽  
Transfer Coefficient ◽  
Social Dimension ◽  
Three Dimensions ◽  
Economic Dimension ◽  
The Social ◽  
Hollow Brick ◽  
The Cost ◽  
North Sinai

The building is the main place for humans to feel safe and comfortable. Also, the building does not depend on economic dimension only but depends on the social and environmental dimensions. For that, it is very important to achieve thermal comfort in the building to increase people’s ability to be productive and feel comfortable. It notes that the highest ratio of building constructed with a brick of concrete in North Sinai – Egypt. Therefore, giving special attention to making the building constructed with a brick of concrete low cost is very essential in maintaining the cohesion of the three dimensions of green architecture building. Therefore, the study will include changing the shape of the concrete hollow brick with the same materials and its ratio in manufacturing. To construct the building in less time and decrease construction laborer and the material which use in construction. Also, the study will include some cross sections in external walls to achieve the most suitable section in-wall appropriate with the environment of north Sinai that decreases the overall heat transfer coefficient on the wall of the building. Additionally, that compares the cost of building for the traditional building constructed by brick of concrete with the building constructed by new brick of concrete. Finding will improve the economic and environmental dimension for building constructed with new concrete brick, which can impact directly in the social dimension. Because using the new hollow brick will decrease the energy consumption and the cost with a ratio of 7% in every part during a building’s life cycle.

Efficiency Centered Maintenance of Preheat Train of a Crude Oil Distillation Unit

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
J. Fajardo ◽  
D. Yabrudy ◽  
D. Barreto ◽  
C. Negrete ◽  
B. Sarria ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Heat Transfer ◽  
Energy Efficiency ◽  
Heat Transfer Coefficient ◽  
Heat Exchanger ◽  
Transfer Coefficient ◽  
Operational Reliability ◽  
Distillation Unit ◽  
Maintenance Costs ◽  
Oil Refineries ◽  
The Cost

Abstract Nowadays, maintenance is based on the synergistic integration of operational reliability and timely maintenance, which guarantees the required availability and optimal cost. Operational reliability implies producing more, better performance, longer life, and availability. Timely maintenance involves the least time out of service, fewer maintenance costs, fewer operating costs, and less money. In this work, we study the preheating train of a crude distillation unit of a refinery, which processes 994 m3/h, which presents a formation of a fouling layer inside it. Among the impacts of fouling is the reduction in the effectiveness of heat transfer, the increase in fuel consumption, the increase in CO2 emissions, the increase in maintenance costs, and the decrease in the profit margin of process. An appropriate cleaning program of the surface of the heat exchanger network is necessary to preserve its key performance parameters, preferably close to design values. This paper presents the maintenance method centered on energy efficiency, to plan the intervention of the preheating train equipment maintenance, which considers the economic energy improvement and the cost of the type of maintenance. The method requires the calculation of the fouling evolution from which the global heat transfer coefficient is obtained, and the heat flux is determined as a function of time. It was observed that, as time passes, the resistance provided by fouling increases and that the overall heat transfer coefficient decreases. The energy efficiency centered maintenance has an indicator of economic justification (factor J) that relates the economic-energy improvement achieved when performing maintenance, taking into account the economic effort invested. Depending on the cost of the type of maintenance to be performed, a threshold should be chosen, from which the maintenance activity is justified. The effectiveness values of the heat exchanger (ε) and the J indicator are used to form a criticality matrix, which allows prioritizing maintenance activities in each equipment. The planning of the implementation dates of the maintenance of each heat exchanger, from the maintenance method centered on energy efficiency applied to the crude distillation unit’s, preheat train, constitutes a contribution in this specific field. The conceptual design of the maintenance method centered on energy efficiency presented in this work is feasible for other heat transfer equipment used in oil refineries and industry in general. The procedure developed uses real operation values, and with its implementation, a saving of 150000 US dollars was achieved.

scholarly journals Economic justification of the choice of the thermal protection of buildings

2018 ◽  
Vol 196 ◽  
pp. 04078
Author(s):  
Elena Malyavina ◽  
Anastasya Frolova
Keyword(s):  
Heat Transfer ◽  
Heat Transfer Coefficient ◽  
Transfer Coefficient ◽  
Specific Heat ◽  
Thermal Protection ◽  
Transfer Resistance ◽  
Cooling Systems ◽  
Heating And Cooling ◽  
Heat Protection ◽  
The Cost

A large number of factors influence the economically feasible heat transfer resistance of the building enclosing structures. First of all, it is the cost of insulation and heat for the building heating in the cold season. As shown by studies, it is not enough for air-conditioned buildings. The result depends on the mode of the building operation in time and the heat load on the heating and cooling systems. Therefore, in addition to these significant factors of economic feasibility of the thermal protection level, there are the cost of electricity for the production of cold for cooling the building, the cost of the building heating and cooling systems and the cost of connection to power supply networks. The got result is important to convey to the professional community in a clear and compact form. In the present work the buildings of administrative and office purpose are considered, the working day of which lasts from 9-00 to 18-00 hours with different specific heat supply from 0 to 80 W/m2 on the estimated area during working hours. Generalization of the research results is made on the basis of specific heat protection characteristics of the building, which is a product of the overall heat transfer coefficient of the building and the compactness coefficient. The total heat transfer coefficient of the building characterizes the heat losses and the heat inflows to the building through the enclosing structures, and the compactness coefficient can serve as an indicator of the surface area of the building, which is covered with insulation. For these buildings provision has been made for identification of the areas of the total discounted cost combination for all of the above components and the specific heat protection characteristics of the building relating to the feasibility of the specified level of the thermal protection.

The Influences of Travel Expenses on the Indicator Factors of Sustainability in GMS Member Countries

2021 ◽  
Vol 12 (1) ◽  
pp. 233
Author(s):  
Chaturaporn SIHABUTR ◽  
Sakkarin NONTHAPOT
Keyword(s):  
Granger Causality ◽  
National Development ◽  
Social Dimension ◽  
Three Dimensions ◽  
Causality Test ◽  
Good Opportunity ◽  
Economic Dimension ◽  
Environmental Dimension ◽  
The Social

The Greater Mekong Subregion (GMS) member countries contain tourism resources that can attract foreign tourists to visit. This is also a good opportunity for national development under the concept of sustainability in three dimensions, i.e., environmental, economic, and social. Data from 1990 to 2019 was used, which were brought for the unit root test. Autoregressive distributed lag (ARDL) was used for finding the cointegration, and the vector error correction model (VECM) and Vector autoregression (VAR) were utilized for finding the short-term relationship. The Granger causality test was based on the travel expenses on the factors of sustainability. The results revealed that the data had different stationarity levels. Similarly, the influences of travel expenses on the dimensions of sustainability of each country were different, too. The long-term relationship was found from the travel expenses on the environmental dimension in Cambodia, Myanmar, and Thailand. The travel expenses were the Granger causality for the environmental dimension in those countries, and had a long-term relationship on the social dimension in Cambodia, Laos, Myanmar, and Thailand. However, this factor only showed the Granger causality on the social dimension in Myanmar. For the economic dimension, travel expenses had a long-term relationship only in Cambodia, and the Granger causality for the economic dimension in Cambodia and Thailand. However, travel expenses did not affect the sustainability in any dimensions in Vietnam, which possibly implied that the influences of travel expenses on sustainability in different indicators depended on the structure, readiness, and the context of each country.

scholarly journals Sustainability Awareness of In-Service Physical Education Teachers

2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (12) ◽  
pp. 798
Author(s):  
Salvador Baena-Morales ◽  
Alberto Ferriz-Valero ◽  
Javier Campillo-Sánchez ◽  
Sixto González-Víllora
Keyword(s):  
Sustainable Development ◽  
Physical Education ◽  
Sustainable Development Goals ◽  
Social Dimension ◽  
Three Dimensions ◽  
Future Research ◽  
Physical Education Teachers ◽  
Economic Dimension ◽  
The Social ◽  
Development Goals

Physical Education has been described as a subject with unique characteristics that can contribute to achieving Sustainable Development Goals. However, an analysis of PE teachers’ (PETs) sustainability consciousness has not yet been conducted. For this purpose, a total of 203 PETs completed the validated SCQ-S instrument to measure the three dimensions of sustainable development in three components of consciousness (attitudes, knowledge and behaviours). The results obtained show that the PETs have a high consciousness for sustainable development (SD), except for attitudes within the economic dimension. Sex has been identified as a variable that determines awareness in sustainability with significantly higher scores for women in all the variables evaluated, except for knowledge and behaviour in the social dimension. These findings provide new knowledge within the Physical Education and SD paradigm, serving as a link for future research that aims to harness the benefits of Physical Education for the sustainability of the planet.

Analysis and Improvement of a Loosely Coupled Fluid-Solid Heat Transfer Method

2013 ◽  
Author(s):  
Zhi Wang ◽  
Roque Corral ◽  
Jose M. Chaquet ◽  
Guillermo Pastor
Keyword(s):  
Heat Transfer ◽  
Heat Transfer Coefficient ◽  
Transfer Coefficient ◽  
Cfd Simulation ◽  
Computational Time ◽  
New Approach ◽  
One Dimensional ◽  
Loosely Coupled ◽  
Transfer Method ◽  
The Cost

A new, fast and reliable loosely coupled fluid-solid heat transfer method is described. The approach is based on an improvement of heat transfer coefficient Forward Temperature Backward method. The numerical analysis of the coupling process of an one-dimensional model, shows that the convergence behaviour is influenced by the physical Biot number and a virtual heat transfer coefficient. The effect of using partially converged CFD solutions has also been studied. The novelty of the method is based on the use of dynamic evaluation of the numerical parameters of the coupling, namely the virtual heat transfer coefficient. Two representative models in turbomachinery applications are applied to test the proposed method. It is shown that the computational time can be reduced by a factor of three to five relative to previous existing methods. The new approach only spends around two times the cost of stand-alone CFD simulation of the problem to obtained a coupled fluid/solid thermal analysis.

scholarly journals Sustainability in Fleet Management

2021 ◽  
Vol 2 (3) ◽  
pp. 13-39
Author(s):  
Erkut Akkartal ◽  
G. Yiğit Aras
Keyword(s):  
Well Being ◽  
Social Dimension ◽  
Three Dimensions ◽  
Fleet Management ◽  
Social Dimensions ◽  
Bottom Line ◽  
Economic Dimension ◽  
Road Map ◽  
The Social ◽  
Business Requirements

Purpose: This paper aims to discuss sustainability in fleet management at companies considering simultaneously the three dimensions of sustainability, which are economic, environmental, and social, corresponding to the Triple Bottom Line (TBL) approach. Approach/Methodology/Design: This paper examines the subject and employs a theory-building-descriptive design. Three key themes in the aspect of sustainability and in terms of fleet management were examined: economic, environmental, and social. Findings: In today’s world, almost every company operates vehicle fleets to perform business requirements and irrespective of the size of vehicles, these companies need to execute some certain fleet operations under the phenomenon of fleet management. Fleet management entails a transition to a more sustainable model which should try to adopt economic, environmental, social dimensions. While the economic dimension of sustainability brings about a new model called the TCM, the environmental dimension constructs a road map to greener fleets and delivers quick wins that companies can easily implement in their agendas. The social dimension concerns the well-being of people and society which seeks to find a balance between their needs and the requirements of fleet management. Practical Implications: The paper recommends a subsequent study through an empirical way that would investigate the actual sustainability behaviours and initiatives of companies present in Turkey. Originality/value: In recent years, sustainability has become an interesting topic for scholars in many areas of research. However, the literature is lacking ample studies concerning sustainability in corporate fleet management. Therefore, the main contribution and novelty of this paper is to provide companies with policy advice regarding the three pillars of sustainability for their applications to vehicle fleet management.

Numerical Analysis of the Sludge Drying Behaviors with Bottom Periodic Heating

2012 ◽  
Vol 518-523 ◽  
pp. 1761-1766
Author(s):  
Zhi Gen Wu ◽  
Peng Yi Cui ◽  
Wen Quan Tao
Keyword(s):  
Heat Transfer ◽  
Heat Transfer Coefficient ◽  
Transfer Coefficient ◽  
Mixing Time ◽  
Hot Water ◽  
Drying Process ◽  
Periodic Heating ◽  
Sludge Drying ◽  
The Cost ◽  
The Heat Transfer Coefficient

The drying of sludge can reduce its mass and the volume and consequently the cost of storage, handling and transport. In this paper, a one-dimensional model is established for the sludge drying process and hot water from the solar energy is applied as a discontinuous heat source (periodic heating). Based on the simplified physical model, the thermal behavior of the sludge drying process is investigated by numerical method. The effects of the sludge depth, mixing time and heat transfer coefficient are analyzed. The simulation results show that the most important effecting factor is the mixing time. One hour mixing cycle can increase heat transfer rate to 430%, 130% than that of without mixing and two hours mixing cycle, respectively. On the other side, both the sludge thickness and the heat transfer coefficient have some effects. For the cases studied the 40cm thick sludge with 1 hour mixing time is an optimal option.

scholarly journals Influence of bismuth additives on the thermophysical and thermodynamic properties of aluminum conductive alloy E-AlMgSi (Aldrey)

2020 ◽  
Vol 23 (1) ◽  
pp. 86-93
Author(s):  
I. N. Ganiev ◽  
A. P. Abdulakov ◽  
J. H. Jayloev ◽  
U. Sh. Yakubov ◽  
A. G. Safarov ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Heat Transfer ◽  
Heat Capacity ◽  
Heat Transfer Coefficient ◽  
Aluminum Alloys ◽  
Gibbs Energy ◽  
Transfer Coefficient ◽  
Thermodynamic Functions ◽  
Economic Feasibility ◽  
Conductive Material ◽  
The Cost

The economic feasibility of using aluminum as a conductive material is explained by the favorable ratio of its cost to the cost of copper. It is also important that the cost of aluminum for many years remains virtually unchanged.When using conductive aluminum alloys for the manufacture of thin wire, winding wire, etc. Certain difficulties may arise in connection with their insufficient strength and a small number of kinks before fracture. In recent years, aluminum alloys have been developed, which even in a soft state have strength characteristics that allow them to be used as a conductive material.One of the promising areas for the use of aluminum is the electrical industry. Conducting aluminum alloys of the E-AlMgSi type (Aldrey) are representatives of this group of alloys. The paper presents the results of a study of the temperature dependence of heat capacity, heat transfer coefficient, and thermodynamic functions of an aluminum alloy E-AlMgSi (Aldrey) with bismuth. Research conducted in the "cooling" mode.It was shown that the temperature capacity and the thermodynamic functions of the alloy E-AlMgSi (Aldrey) with bismuth increase with temperature, and the Gibbs energy decreases. Additives of bismuth up to 1 wt.% Reduce heat capacity, heat transfer coefficient, enthalpy and entropy of the initial alloy and increase the value of Gibbs energy.

scholarly journals SUSTAINABILITY INDICATORS IN INDUSTRIES: A BIBLIOMETRIC REVIEW

2018 ◽  
Vol 9 (3) ◽  
pp. 38-52 ◽  
Author(s):  
Bianca Valente ◽  
Syntia Lemos Cotrim ◽  
Ana Carla Fernandes Gasques ◽  
Gislaine Camila Lapasini Leal ◽  
Edwin Vladimir Cardoza Galdamez
Keyword(s):  
Global Strategy ◽  
Sustainability Indicators ◽  
Social Dimension ◽  
Three Dimensions ◽  
Economic Dimension ◽  
Construction Of Knowledge ◽  
The Social ◽  
Bibliometric Review ◽  
Industrial Performance ◽  
And Training

Sustainable development gained prominence in 1992 at the United Nations Conference about Environment and Development, and was presented as a global strategy to ensure society’s access to natural resources. One proposed practice to monitor industrial performance is sustainability indicators, commonly divided into three dimensions: environmental, social and economic. The objective of this work is to present a bibliometric study on the scientific production of Sustainability Indicators (SI) in the Industries, from January 2007 to October 2017. Therefore, the methodology used was Proknow-C, with quantitative and qualitative approach, from the keywords: “Sustainability Indicators” and “Indicators of Sustainability” in the database provided by the Scopus platform. The papers selected for the composition of the final portfolio contribute to the construction of knowledge about the proposed theme, offering a broad view of Sustainability Indicators applied to industries. A total of 28 sustainability indicators were identified, of which 11 are related to the environmental dimension, which correspond to three aspects (water, energy and gases emitted), 7 in the economic dimension, framed in two aspects (present value in the plant and investment) and 10 in the social dimension, corresponding to the aspects of accidents, comfort / safety and training. The survey of the Sustainability Indicators allows establishing guidelines for the construction of a management system aligned with the sustainability dimensions in the industries

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