scholarly journals A Study Of Welding Of Heterogenous Polycarbonate Substances Utilizing Hybrid Filaments Of Fused Deposition Modeling

2021 ◽  
Vol 23 (12) ◽  
pp. 146-157
Author(s):  
Afroza Bano ◽  
◽  
Manish Kumar Gupta ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Fused Deposition Modeling ◽  
Acrylonitrile Butadiene Styrene ◽  
Cost Effective ◽  
Melt Flow Index ◽  
Polyamide 6 ◽  
Flow Index ◽  
Fused Deposition Modelling ◽  
Friction Stir ◽  
Fused Deposition ◽  
Minimal Work

Friction-based welding is one of the most cost-effective and dependable methods for joining thermoplastics. However, there has been minimal work that has demonstrated the procedure/methods/equipment for welding two distinct types of thermoplastics. There is, nevertheless, a significant possibility of connecting the various thermoplastic materials by matching their melt flow index (MFI). One way for modifying the MFI is to reinforce it with micro/nano sized fillers. Fused deposition modelling (FDM) is a fast prototyping technology that employs thermoplastic-based filament to print components. The current study focuses on connecting aluminium (Al) metal powder reinforced acrylonitrile butadiene styrene (ABS) and polyamide 6 (PA6) thermoplastic substrates (3D printed by FDM) utilising friction welding (FW) / friction stir welding (FSW) / friction stir spot welding (FSSW). It was observed that the PA6 with 50% Al fillers (PA6-50% Al) and ABS matrix with 15% Al fillers (ABS-15% Al) produced MFIs of 11.97g/10min and 11.57g/10min, respectively.

scholarly journals A Study on Melt Flow Index on Copper-ABS for Fused Deposition Modeling (FDM) Feedstock

2015 ◽  
Vol 773-774 ◽  
pp. 8-12 ◽  
Author(s):  
Noor Mu'izzah Ahmad Isa ◽  
Nasuha Sa'ude ◽  
M. Ibrahim ◽  
Saiful Manar Hamid ◽  
Khairu Kamarudin
Keyword(s):  
Injection Molding ◽  
Fused Deposition Modeling ◽  
Acrylonitrile Butadiene Styrene ◽  
Melt Flow Index ◽  
Internal Force ◽  
Flow Index ◽  
Fused Deposition Modelling ◽  
Melt Flow ◽  
Volume Percentage ◽  
Fused Deposition

This paper presents of Polymer Matrix Composite (PMC) as feedstock used in Fused Deposition Modelling (FDM) machine. This study discussed on the development of a new PMC material by the injection molding machine. The material consist of copper powder filled in an acrylonitrile butadiene styrene (ABS), binder and surfactant material. The effect of metal filled in ABS and binder content was investigated experimentally by the Melt Flow Index (MFI) machine. Based on the result obtained, an increment of copper filled in ABS by volume percentage (vol. %) effected on melt flow index results. With highly filled copper in PMC composites increase the melt flow index results. It was concluded that, the propensity of the melt flow allow an internal force in PMC material through the injection molding and FDM machine.

scholarly journals Microstructure Evaluation and Thermal–Mechanical Properties of ABS Matrix Composite Filament Reinforced with Multi-Walled Carbon Nanotubes by a Single Screw Extruder for FDM 3D Printing

2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (19) ◽  
pp. 8798
Author(s):  
Thai-Hung Le ◽  
Van-Son Le ◽  
Quoc-Khanh Dang ◽  
Minh-Thuyet Nguyen ◽  
Trung-Kien Le ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Carbon Nanotubes ◽  
Fused Deposition Modeling ◽  
Acrylonitrile Butadiene Styrene ◽  
Melt Flow Index ◽  
Tensile Tests ◽  
Flow Index ◽  
Fused Deposition ◽  
Multi Walled Carbon Nanotubes ◽  
Walled Carbon Nanotubes ◽  
Composite Filament

This paper reports the synthesis of a new printable ABS–MWCNT composite filament, for use in fused deposition modeling (FDM), using an extrusion technique. Acrylonitrile butadiene styrene (ABS) and multi-walled carbon nanotubes (MWCNTs) were the initial materials used for fabricating the filaments. The MWCNTs were dispersed in ABS resin, then extruded through a single-shaft extruder in filament form, with MWCNT contents of 0.5%, 1%, 1.5%, 2%, 3% or 4% by weight. After extrusion, the diameter of the filaments was about 1.75 mm, making them appropriate for FDM. The as-synthesized filaments were then used in FDM to print out samples, on which tensile tests and other analyses were carried out. The results demonstrate that the sample with 2% MWCNTs had the highest strength value, 44.57 MPa, comprising a 42% increase over that of the pure ABS sample. The morphology and dispersion of MWCNTs in the composite were observed by field emission scanning electron microscopy (FESEM), demonstrating the uniform distribution of MWCNTs in the ABS matrix. The thermal behavior results indicated no significant change in the ABS structure; however, the melt flow index of the filaments decreased with an increase in the MWCNT content.

scholarly journals Melt Flow Index of Recycle ABS for Fused Deposition Modeling (FDM) Filament

2015 ◽  
Vol 773-774 ◽  
pp. 3-7 ◽  
Author(s):  
Nasuha Sa'ude ◽  
Khairu Kamarudin ◽  
Mustaffa Ibrahim ◽  
Mohd Halim Irwan Ibrahim
Keyword(s):  
Material Properties ◽  
Fused Deposition Modeling ◽  
Acrylonitrile Butadiene Styrene ◽  
Melt Flow Index ◽  
Flow Index ◽  
Melt Flow ◽  
Fused Deposition ◽  
Deposition Modeling ◽  
Higher Temperature ◽  
Butadiene Styrene

This paper presents the melt flow index (MFI) of acrylonitrile butadiene styrene (ABS) and recycle ABS filament wire for Fused Deposition Modeling (FDM) machine. In this study, the effect of MFI on recycle ABS material was investigated experimentally based on the melting temperature, density, screw speed and material properties. The MFI result on ABS recycle in wire filament was investigated using Melt Indexer Machine (MIM). Based on the result obtained, it was found that, ABS recycle was increase the density and MFI results. It can be observed that, the higher temperature was melt the recycle ABS material through the MIM and extruder machine.

Comparison of mechanical and morphological properties of 3-D printed functional prototypes: Multi and hybrid blended thermoplastic matrix

2020 ◽  
pp. 089270572092513 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sudhir Kumar ◽  
Rupinder Singh ◽  
TP Singh ◽  
Ajay Batish
Keyword(s):  
Fused Deposition Modeling ◽  
Melt Flow Index ◽  
Tensile Specimen ◽  
Morphological Properties ◽  
Flow Index ◽  
Fused Deposition ◽  
Type Iv ◽  
Deposition Modeling ◽  
American Society ◽  
Functional Prototype

This article reports the comparison for mechanical and morphological properties of 3-D printed tensile specimen with fused deposition modeling by using multiblended and hybrid blended polylactic acid (PLA) matrix. The multiblended PLA matrix was 3-D printed as tensile specimen (as per American Society for Testing and Materials 638 type IV) comprising of 06 layers (01 layer PLA + 01 layer of PLA + polyvinyl chloride + 02 layers of PLA + wood powder + 02 layers of PLA + Fe3O4) each with layer thickness of 0.53 mm. The hybrid blended PLA matrix was also 3-D printed with similar dimensions and printing conditions. The composition/proportion of hybrid blended and multimaterial blended matrix has been selected on the basis of similar melt flow index (MFI) range and the final matrix was compared on basis of equal number of layers (06), similar rheological range (MFI: 40–45 g/10 min) and volume of product (same dimension of prototype). The results of study suggested that the 3-D printed functional prototype of multiblended PLA matrix has better mechanical and morphological properties than hybrid blended PLA matrix. The peak strength and break strength of hybrid blend-based prototype were observed to be 29.56 MPa and 26.60 MPa, respectively, whereas for the multimaterial-based functional prototypes, it was 46.28 MPa and 41.65 MPa, respectively. The results are also supported with scanning electron microscopy-based images, 3-D rendered images, and energy-dispersive X-ray analysis analysis.

Thermomechanical investigations of PEKK-HAp-CS composites

2019 ◽  
Vol 233 (11) ◽  
pp. 1196-1203
Author(s):  
Rupinder Singh ◽  
Gurchetan Singh ◽  
Jaskaran Singh ◽  
Ranvijay Kumar ◽  
Md Mustafizur Rahman ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Melt Flow Index ◽  
Extrusion Process ◽  
Flow Index ◽  
Fused Deposition Modelling ◽  
Index Test ◽  
Melt Flow ◽  
Scanning Calorimetry ◽  
Fused Deposition ◽  
Ether Ketone ◽  
Input Variables

In this experimental study, a composite of poly-ether-ketone-ketone by reinforcement of hydroxyapatite and chitosan has been prepared for possible applications as orthopaedic scaffolds. Initially, different weight percentages of hydroxyapatite and chitosan were reinforced in the poly-ether-ketone-ketone matrix and tested for melt flow index in order to check the flowability of different compositions/proportions. Suitable compositions revealed by the melt flow index test were then taken forward for the extrusion of filament required for fused deposition modelling. For thermomechanical investigations, Taguchi-based design of experiments has been used with input variables in the extrusion process as follows: temperature, load applied and different composition/proportions. The specimens in the form of feedstock filament produced by the extrusion process were made to undergo tensile testing. The specimens were also inspected by differential scanning calorimetry and photomicrographs. Finally, the specimen showing the best performance from the thermomechanical viewpoint has been selected to extrude the filament for the fused deposition modelling process.

Localised Pre-Heating to Improve Inter-Layer Delamination Strength in Fused Deposition Modelling

2019 ◽  
Author(s):  
Andrew Aitchison ◽  
Qing Wang
Keyword(s):  
Tensile Strength ◽  
Thermal Energy ◽  
Fused Deposition Modeling ◽  
Acrylonitrile Butadiene Styrene ◽  
Additive Manufacture ◽  
Fused Deposition Modelling ◽  
Print Quality ◽  
Air Gaps ◽  
Fused Deposition ◽  
Air Temperatures

Abstract Additive manufacture, specifically Fused Deposition Modeling (FDM), is an advancing manufacture method opening up new possibilities in design previously impossible to machine, in a relatively affordable way. However, its use in functional products is limited due to anisotropic strength and reduced strength from injection molded components. This paper aims to increase the tensile strength of Acrylonitrile Butadiene Styrene (ABS) in the weakest direction (Z axis), where poor interlayer fusion and air gaps between extruded trails reduce strength. Extra thermal energy was applied to the top surface layer during the printing process (through hot air) to encourage more polymer chain diffusion across the boundary, and spreading out to fill air gaps. Multiple tensile test samples were printed at a variety of heat levels. The ultimate tensile strength σuts was plotted against these temperatures and a weak positive correlation was found. However, only air temperatures above 81°C increased strength past the control to a maximum of 1.4MPa. Heat application has proven to increase tensile strength, but needs to be applied with a more precise method, to the boundary interface, to allow greater thermal energy transfer without sacrificing print quality.

scholarly journals Vibration Analysis of Fused Deposition Modelling Printed Lattice Structure Bar for Application in Automated Device

2018 ◽  
Vol 7 (3.17) ◽  
pp. 21 ◽  
Author(s):  
M S. Azmi ◽  
R Ismail ◽  
R Hasan ◽  
M R. Alkahari
Keyword(s):  
Fused Deposition Modeling ◽  
Natural Frequencies ◽  
Lattice Structure ◽  
Acrylonitrile Butadiene Styrene ◽  
Force Sensor ◽  
Body Part ◽  
Fused Deposition Modelling ◽  
Vibration Testing ◽  
Fused Deposition ◽  
Vibration Technique

The purpose of this study is to investigate the effect of size of strut radius to the natural frequencies of acrylonitrile-butadiene-styrene (ABS) polymer lattice-structure bar material by using vibration technique. The lattice structured cellular material parts with body-centered-cubic (BCC) topological design are manufactured using fused deposition modeling (FDM) additive manufacturing (AM) technique with aim to reduce the overall weight of automated device. The specimens are tested by using set up consist of fabricated test rig, accelerometer, force sensor, power amplifier, shaker and signal generator/analyzer. The first mode natural frequency obtained from the vibration testing for specimen with 1.0 mm strut radius is 278 Hz while specimen with 1.2 mm strut radius is 441 Hz. The results obtained from vibration testing show that bigger size of strut radius will yield higher natural frequencies and the lattice structure bar is suitable for use as arm body part in automated device. By utilizing FDM AM, industry will be able to benefit in term of saving in fabrication cost as well as energy consumption. 

scholarly journals On comparison of recycled LDPE and LDPE–bakelite composite based 3D printed patch antenna

2021 ◽  
pp. 146442072110604
Author(s):  
Rupinder Singh ◽  
Sanjeev Kumar ◽  
Amrinder Pal Singh ◽  
Yang Wei
Keyword(s):  
Patch Antenna ◽  
Fused Deposition Modeling ◽  
Melt Flow Index ◽  
Attenuated Total Reflection ◽  
Flow Index ◽  
Patch Antennas ◽  
Sensor Applications ◽  
Fused Deposition ◽  
Sensing Applications ◽  
3D Printed

In the past two decades number of studies have been reported on the use of thermoplastics as a substrate for 3D printed patch antennas. However, no work has been reported on the thermoplastic-thermosetting composite-based substrate for 3D printed patch antennas and their mechanical, morphological, rheological, and radiofrequency (RF) characterization for sensing applications. In this study low-density polyethylene (LDPE) and LDPE-5% bakelite (BAK) composite-based patch antenna (resonating frequency 2.45 GHz) were printed (for secondary recycling) on fused deposition modeling (FDM) setup. The RF characteristics were measured using a vector network analyzer (VNA). Ring resonator test was used for measuring the dielectric properties of substrates (which suggests that the dielectric constant ([Formula: see text]) and loss tangent ([Formula: see text]) for LDPE was 2.282 and 0.0045, whereas for LDPE-5%BAK the calculated [Formula: see text] and [Formula: see text] was 2.0663, 0.0051 respectively). This study highlights that for the LDPE-5%BAK composite there was a marginal increase in the size of the patch antenna; but this resulted in improved transmittance, gain, and return loss for typical sensor applications. As regards to printability of substrate, 5% BAK resulted in a melt flow index (MFI) of 9.96 g/10 min in contrast to 12.208 g/10 min for a neat LDPE sample. The selected LDPE-5%BAK composite resulted in peak strength (PS) and break strength (BS) of 16.08 MPa and 14.47 MPa (at 180 °C screw temperature, 110 rpm, and 11 kg load) while processing with a twin-screw extruder (TSE), which was observed better than the neat LDPE (PS 11.98 MPa, BS 10.79 MPa). The results were supported with porosity (%), surface roughness (Ra) analysis based upon scanning electron microscopy (SEM) and bond strength using attenuated total reflection (ATR) based Fourier transformed infrared (FTIR) analysis.

Experimental Testing of Materials Used in Fused Deposition Modeling Rapid Prototyping Technology

2013 ◽  
Vol 740 ◽  
pp. 597-602 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ludmila Novakova-Marcincinova ◽  
Jozef Novak-Marcincin
Keyword(s):  
Rapid Prototyping ◽  
Fused Deposition Modeling ◽  
Experimental Testing ◽  
Acrylonitrile Butadiene Styrene ◽  
Advanced Materials ◽  
Fused Deposition Modelling ◽  
Initial State ◽  
Fused Deposition ◽  
Materials Used ◽  
Solid Liquid

In this paper are presented information about common and advanced materials used for manufacturing of products by Fused Deposition Modelling (FDM) rapid prototyping technology. In different rapid prototyping technologies the initial state of material can come in either solid, liquid or powder state. The current range materials include paper, nylon, wax, resins, metals and ceramics. In FDM are mainly used as basic materials ABS - Acrylonitrile Butadiene Styrene, polyamide, polycarbonate, polyethylene and polypropylene. Main part of the paper is focused on experimental testing of rapid prototyping materials realized by different research teams and presents outputs of testing of ABS material in FDM technology realized by authors.

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