scholarly journals CAVITY PROBLEMS AND THEIR MANAGEMENT IN POST MODIFIED RADICAL MASTOIDECTOMY IN PEDIATRIC POPULATION - A CLINICAL AUDIT

2021 ◽  
Vol 71 (Suppl-3) ◽  
pp. S542-45
Author(s):  
Habih Ur Rahman Afridi ◽  
Bakht Zada ◽  
Fazal -I- Wahid ◽  
Hamid Mashreqi
Keyword(s):  
Clinical Audit ◽  
Pediatric Population ◽  
Neck Surgery ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Mastoid Cavity ◽  
P Value ◽  
Radical Mastoidectomy ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Modified Radical Mastoidectomy ◽  
One Year

Objective: To find out the intensity and frequency of cavity problems of persistent and recurrent ear discharge in young children and their management in post Modified Radical Mastoidectomy (MRM). Study Design: Cross sectional study. Place and Duration of Study: Department of ENT Head & Neck Surgery, Lady Reading Hospital MTI Peshawar Pakistan, from Jan 2015 to Dec 2019. Methodology: Fifty-four patients with cavity problems of persistent and recurrent ear discharge needing treatment were included in the study (out of the total patients 234 operated upon). Patients were followed up for one year for any discharge of the mastoid cavity. Patients of both gender of age 15 years or younger were included in the study. Results: In this study the cavity problems were found in 23.1% (54 out of 234) of the post modified radical mastoidectomy in pediatric population. There were no surgery related problems in 61.1% patients. In 38.9% (21 out of 54) percent patients repeat mastoidectomy was performed. Where as in 37% (20 out of 54) excision of granulation and conservative management was sufficient in curing the disease. High facial ridge was found to be the most common cause of persistent/recurrent discharge 9 out of 54 (16.7%). The independent variables (Indications for repeat mastoidectomy, Factors causing discharge, Surgery related problems) support the dependent variable treatment outcome. The sig/p-value was zero therefore the result was significant. Conclusion: In post Modified Radical Mastoidectomy, the cavity can be dry provided meticulous care is given to complete exenteration of disease from all areas........

scholarly journals Modified radical mastoidectomy in children: mastoid cavity problem and its management

2019 ◽  
Vol 5 (5) ◽  
pp. 1156
Author(s):  
Heempali Das Dutta ◽  
Pabina Rayamajhi ◽  
Deepak Dutta
Keyword(s):  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Tympanic Membrane Perforation ◽  
Mastoid Cavity ◽  
Radical Mastoidectomy ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Causative Factors ◽  
Modified Radical Mastoidectomy ◽  
Membrane Perforation ◽  
Paediatric Age ◽  
One Year

<p class="abstract"><strong>Background:</strong> Various factors are responsible for post MRM chronically discharging mastoid cavity which has to be identified and treated properly so as to avoid further complications. The aim of this study is to evaluate the causative factors responsible for persistent ear discharge in post mastoidectomy cases and their management in paediatric age group.</p><p class="abstract"><strong>Methods:</strong> This is a cross sectional study done from May 2013 to April 2017 in the Paediatric ENT unit of Department of ENT &amp; HNS, TUTH, Kathmandu, Nepal. Children were evaluated for persistent ear discharge and managed for one year. Risk factors like high facial ridge, inadequate meatoplasty, unepithelize mastoid cavity, tympanic membrane perforation and residual or recurrent choleateatoma, infections, nasal or nasopharngeal pathology were evaluated and treated. Outcome of management was measured in terms of achieving dry mastoid cavity over one year period.  </p><p class="abstract"><strong>Results:</strong> A total of 92 post MRM children with persistent discharge were included in the study. 33/92 (35.8%) had anatomical defects. Four cases had recurrent or residual cholesteatoma. 22/92 (23.9%) of the cases had granulation and infection. 14 cases had nasophayngeal inflammation and 13 cases had recurrent accumulation of wax or debris. After the treatment of various factors, 43/75 (53.7%) ear became dry within 3 months, 22/75 (29%) ear became dry within 6 months, 6/75 had persistent discharge even 1 year after treatment. Whereas, in 5/75 (13.4%) had on and off discharge.</p><p class="abstract"><strong>Conclusions:</strong> The chronically discharging mastoid cavity can be well managed by early identification of causative factors.</p>

scholarly journals Comprehensive Knowledge and Preparedness among Dental Community to Confront COVID 19—A Multicentric Cross-Sectional Study

2021 ◽  
Vol 19 (1) ◽  
pp. 210
Author(s):  
Nada Faleh Almutairi ◽  
Amani Abdullah Almaymuni ◽  
Julie Toby Thomas ◽  
Toby Thomas ◽  
Abdullah Almalki ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Dental Students ◽  
P Value ◽  
Full Time ◽  
Sectional Study ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Protective Measures ◽  
Univariate Logistic Regression Analysis ◽  
Comprehensive Knowledge ◽  
One Year

The healthcare policy changes need to be updated for better management of the COVID-19 outbreak; hence, there is an urgent need to understand the knowledge and preparedness of healthcare workers regarding the infection control COVID-19. Therefore, the present study aims to assess the knowledge and preparedness towards COVID-19 among dentists, undergraduate, and postgraduates in dental universities one year after the COVID-19 outbreak. The multi-centric cross-sectional study was conducted by evaluating 395 structured, pre-coded, and validated questionnaires obtained from sample units comprising full-time dental students (undergraduates, interns, and postgraduates) and dentists who were currently in practice and who were able to comprehend the languages English or Arabic. The first part of the questionnaire included questions related to demographic characteristics. The second part of the survey consisted of questions that address knowledge concerning COVID-19. The third part of the survey addressed questions based on the preparedness to fight against COVID-19 including sharp injuries during this period. Comparing the knowledge scores of dentists, dental undergraduates, and postgraduates using the ANOVA test, dentists have higher knowledge and preparedness scores than postgraduates and undergraduates (p-value < 0.05). Univariate logistic regression analysis demonstrated that undergraduates and postgraduates were 2.567 and 1.352 times less aware of the personal protective measures against COVID-19 than dentists, respectively. Dentists had the comparatively better perception in knowledge and awareness of COVID-19 than undergraduates and postgraduates.

scholarly journals Frequency of Nomophobia among Medical Students of Rawalpindi Medical University

2020 ◽  
Vol 24 (1) ◽  
pp. 42-45
Author(s):  
Laibah Safdar ◽  
Nayyab Khan ◽  
Mehjabeen Qureshi
Keyword(s):  
Medical Students ◽  
Mobile Phone ◽  
Smart Phone ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Male Students ◽  
P Value ◽  
Negative Consequences ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
One Year ◽  
Medical University

Background: Nomophobia is defined as “The discomfort or anxiety felt when out of the mobile phone (MP) or computer contact. It is the fear of becoming technologically incommunicable, distant from the mobile phone or not connected to the web”. The frequency of nomophobia has increased over the past years and this condition has many negative consequences. The objective of our study is to find the frequency of nomophobia among medical students of Rawalpindi Medical University (RMU).Methods: This cross-sectional study was carried out at Rawalpindi Medical University (RMU) over the course of one year. The inclusion criteria were medical students of all five years of MBBS studying at RMU. Students who do not own or use a smart-phone were excluded from the study. Our sample size was 350 students, who were recruited by convenience sampling. For this study, The Nomophobia Questionnaire (NMP-Q)has been used which has 20 items. Each item is scored on a 7 point Likert scale. The total score ranges from 20 to 140. Results: The mean NMP-Q score of the male students was 82.96 (±21.06) and that of the female students was 78.52 (±23.69), with a p-value of 0.065, which is insignificant. Out of the total 350 students, the number of students with a mild level of nomophobia was 61(17.4%), with a moderate level of nomophobia was 216(61.7%), and with severe nomophobia was 73(20.9%).Conclusion: Measures are needed to be taken on both public and personal level to counter this issue of nomophobia, which is becoming highly prevalent in our society.

scholarly journals Spontaneous Bacterial Empyema in Cirrhotic patients with Hepatic hydrothorax.

2020 ◽  
Vol 27 (01) ◽  
pp. 115-119
Author(s):  
Ehsan Rahim Memon ◽  
Prem Kumar Maheshwari ◽  
Shabana Lakho ◽  
Huma Mehmood
Keyword(s):  
Cell Count ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
University Hospital ◽  
P Value ◽  
Hepatic Hydrothorax ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Class B ◽  
Cirrhotic Patients ◽  
One Year ◽  
Spontaneous Bacterial Empyema

Objectives: To determine the frequency of spontaneous bacterial empyema in cirrhotic patients with hepatic hydrothorax. Study Design: Descriptive cross sectional study. Setting: Conducted in gastroenterology unit at Isra University Hospital, Hyderabad. Periods: One year from April 2016 to March 2017. Material & Methods: Sample of 174 patients of Hepatic Hydrothorax was taken. Patients were of both gender and age ≥ 18 years, having diagnosed cirrhosis since last 5 years and currently having child class B & C severity were included. Hepatic hydrothorax was confirmed on ultrasound chest. After aseptic measures 50ml of pleural fluid was aspirated and sent to Isra University Hospital laboratory following the ultrasound guidelines. Spontaneous bacterial empyema was assessed as “polymorph nuclear cell count” more than 500 cells/mm3 or +ve culture with PMN cell count more than 250 cells/mm3 without parapneumonic effusion. All the data was recorded in the proforma. Results: The mean ± SD age of patients was 53.52 ± 5.52 years. Males were 60.92% while 39.08% were females. The frequency of spontaneous bacterial empyema was about 14.9%. Frequency of spontaneous bacterial empyema was little more in male gender than females (p value = 0.391), while it was significantly increased with increasing age as most common in age group of 61-65 years (p-value = 0.017). Conclusion: It was concluded that spontaneous bacterial empyema in cirrhosis patients was 14.9%.

scholarly journals Role of Contact with Tuberculous Patients in Cases of Tuberculous Cervical Lymphadenitis.

2004 ◽  
Vol 43 (152) ◽  
pp. 79-82
Author(s):  
D K Baskota ◽  
RCM Amatya ◽  
RP Shrivastav ◽  
BK Sinha
Keyword(s):  
Communicable Disease ◽  
Disease Process ◽  
Neck Surgery ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
University Teaching ◽  
Cervical Lymphadenitis ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
History Of ◽  
One Year

A prospective, analytical and cross-sectional study to find out the role of contact with tuberculous patientsduring the process of development of Tuberculous Cervical Lymphadenitis was currently carried out in theDepartment of ENT- Head & Neck Surgery of Tribhuvan University Teaching Hospital Kathmandu, Nepal.Altogether 103 cases of histopathologically confirmed cases of Tuberculous Cervical Lymphadenitis of morethan six weeks of duration were included in the study during the period of one year from March, 2000 toFebruary, 2001.History of contact with tuberculous patients in the past during the development of the disease process wasfound to be positive in 19(18.4%) of the 103 cases. In rest of the 84 cases history of contact with tuberculouspatients was found to be negative (81.6%).The result of this study so far indicates that there is a minimal role of contact with tuberculous patients forthe development of tuberculous cervical lymphadenitis. Although tuberculosis is known as a chroniccommunicable disease, in our study majority cases of Tuberculous Cervical Lymphadenitis did not give anyhistory of contact with tuberculous patients in the past.Key Words: Tuberculous cervical lymphadenitis, tuberculous patients, communicable disease.

Perceived stress score among doctors serving at various government and private hospitals in Faisalabad

2021 ◽  
pp. 1-10
Author(s):  
Nazia Nazir ◽  
Hafiz Amjad Hussain ◽  
Umair Ahmed ◽  
Ahmad Ayaz Sabri ◽  
Nazir Ahmad ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Perceived Stress ◽  
Pearson Correlation ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
P Value ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Private Hospitals ◽  
Number Of Children ◽  
R Value ◽  
Stress Score ◽  
One Year

Abstract Objective: To analyze the prevalence of stress among doctors serving at various Government and private hospitals in Faisalabad. Methods: The cross-sectional study was conducted at Allied hospital, DHQ hospital, Government General Hospital and independent hospital Faisalabad, from July to December 2019. The study comprised doctors in service for at least one year, who volunteered to fill out the Perceived Stress Scale Questionnaire (PSS-14), excluding house officers and the doctors on administrative posts. Demographic features and job factors were taken as independent variables and perceived stress score was taken as the dependent variable. SPSS-20 was used for the determination of mean perceived stress score, standard deviation values, analysis of variance (ANOVA) and Pearson correlation analysis (R-values) . Results: Out of total 162 respondents, female doctors (n=75, 46.3%) were found to have significantly higher (p < 0.05) perceived stress scores (mean PSS = 27.56, SD = 8.305) as compared to male doctors (n=87, 53.7%, mean PSS = 24.82, SD = 7.823). There was a negative correlation of doctors’ age (R-value = -0.246, p-value = 0.002), number of years in job (R-value =-0.187, p-value 0.017) and number of children (R-value =-0.178, p-value = 0.023), with the perceived stress scores. Stress score was found significantly lower for doctors who managed to usually get time-out for relaxation (p < 0.01) and do private practice (p < 0.05). The effect of doctor’s marital status, type of specialty and residence was not found statistically significant. Continuous...

Neurological manifestations in children with dengue fever: an Indian perspective

2016 ◽  
Vol 47 (2) ◽  
pp. 145-149 ◽  
Author(s):  
Archan Sil ◽  
Tamoghna Biswas ◽  
Moumita Samanta ◽  
Mithun Chandra Konar ◽  
Arun Kumar De ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Tertiary Care ◽  
Transverse Myelitis ◽  
Acute Disseminated Encephalomyelitis ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Neurological Involvement ◽  
P Value ◽  
Care Hospital ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Motor Weakness ◽  
One Year

Ours was a descriptive observational cross-sectional study carried out in a tertiary care hospital in eastern India over a period of one year to study the profile of neurological involvement in paediatric dengue patients. Of 71 laboratory-confirmed cases, 20 (28.17%) had neurological involvement. Common forms observed were acute encephalopathy (40%), encephalitis (30%), pure motor weakness (15%), transverse myelitis (5%), acute disseminated encephalomyelitis (5%) and Guillain–Barré syndrome (5%). The dengue IgM antibody could be detected in the cerebrospinal fluid of only two patients with encephalitis. Neurological involvement was present in all four patients who died during the study period (two-tailed P value = 0.005).

scholarly journals Comparison between outcome of Inside-out & Outside-in mastoidectomy

2020 ◽  
Vol 24 (1) ◽  
pp. 29-36
Author(s):  
Md Afzal Karim ◽  
Md Mostafizur Rahman ◽  
Fatema Nihar ◽  
Ahmmad Taous ◽  
Sheikh Mohammad Rafiqul Hossain ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Neck Surgery ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Mastoid Cavity ◽  
Sectional Study ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Suppurative Otitis Media ◽  
Loss Of Hearing ◽  
Inside Out ◽  
Head Neck Surgery ◽  
Head Neck

Background: Chronic suppurative otitis media is a disease that is known worldwide and that is more common in developing countries. Many techniques are available for operating the disease. Objectives: To compare outcome between Inside-out & Outside-in mastoidectomy. Methods: A cross-sectional study was conducted to compare outcome between Inside-Out & Outside-in mastoidectomy. Period of study was from July’ 2010 to March, 2012 in the Department of Otolaryngology and Head-Neck Surgery, BSMMU- Dhaka Result: majority of the patient were found dry mastoid cavity 13(68.42%) and rest were wet mastoid cavity 6 (31.58%).On the other hand in outside–in mastoidectomy dry mastoid cavity were 80.6% and wet were 19.4%. In inside-out mastoidectomy, among 8 attic cholesteatoma cases 5(62.50%) had gained hearing (average 6.66 dB) and 3(37.50%) had no gain or loss of hearing (average 3.89dB); among 11 entire mastoid bowl cholesteatoma cases 3(27.27%) had gained of hearing (average 6.11dB) and 8(72.73%) had no gain or loss of hearing (average 6.87dB) Bangladesh J Otorhinolaryngol; April 2018; 24(1): 29-36

scholarly journals Megakaryocytic alterations in thrombocytopenia: A bone marrow aspiration study

2016 ◽  
Vol 6 (11) ◽  
pp. 914-921
Author(s):  
S Pokharel ◽  
P Upadhyaya ◽  
S Karki ◽  
P Paudyal ◽  
B Pradhan ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Bone Marrow ◽  
Morphological Changes ◽  
Bone Marrow Aspiration ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
P Value ◽  
Microsoft Excel ◽  
Chi Square ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
The Common ◽  
One Year

Background: Megakaryocyte morphology plays an important role in thrombopoiesis. A defect in any stage of megakaryocytopoiesis can lead to dysmegakaryocytopoiesis and thrombocytopenia. This study was conducted to understand megakaryocytic alterations and their contribution in the diagnosis of cases of thrombocytopenia.Materials and Methods: This was a cross-sectional study was conducted on all consecutive cases of bone marrow aspirates of thrombocytopenia over a duration of one year in BPKIHS. Megakaryocyte morphology was studied with a 100X objective. Data were entered into Microsoft excel 10 and analysed with SPSS version 11.5. Descriptive statistics charted and Chi-square tests were done for inferential statistics to find any association at 95% Confidence Interval.Results: Among the 38 subjects, megakaryocytic thrombocytopenia (44.7%) was the most common cause of thrombocytopenia.  Hypolobated megakaryocytes (63.2%), bare megakaryocytic nuclei (57.9%) were the common morphological changes in megakaryocytes. Odds of increased megakaryocyte count in megakaryocytic thrombocytopenia was found to be 12.5 times than for other causes of thrombocytopenia and the presence of bare megakaryocytic nuclei in MTP was statistically significant. (p –value<0.05)Conclusion: Many similarities were observed in megakaryocytic morphology among different hematological diseases. However, increased megakaryocyte count and presence of bare megakaryocytic nuclei, hypolobated forms were significant in megakaryocytic thrombocytopenia.

scholarly journals Preoperative predictors of Ossicular Discontinuity in non-Cholesteatoma Chronic Otitis Media

2021 ◽  
Vol 29 (1) ◽  
pp. 47-52
Author(s):  
Kanu Lal Saha ◽  
Nibash Chandra Ghosh ◽  
Nasima Akhtar ◽  
Debesh Chandra Talukder
Keyword(s):  
Granulation Tissue ◽  
Chronic Otitis Media ◽  
Ossicular Chain ◽  
Neck Surgery ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Medial Wall ◽  
P Value ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Medical College ◽  
Data Collection Sheet

Background: Though ossicular discontinuity is more common in cases of cholesteatoma, it may happen in non-cholesteatoma COM. The long process of incus is more frequently involved ossicle. Peroperative assessment of ossicular integrity is the gold standard way. But the discontinuity of the ossicular chain can be assumed before surgery by analyzing perforation edge adherent to medial wall and wide air-bone gap The purpose of the study was to find out the preoperative findings which can predict the ossicular discontinuity in non-cholesteatoma cases. Methods: This cross-sectional study was conducted in the department of Otolaryngology-Head & Neck Surgery, Bangabandhu Sheikh Mujib Medical University from January 2013 to June 2014. 81 patients of COM without cholesteatoma were selected as per inclusion and exclusion criteria. Relevant data were collected in a predesigned data collection sheet and analyzed with standard statistical method. Statistically significant inferred for P value <0.05. No groups whose ability to give voluntary informed consent questionable was not included. No potential risks exist in designed this study. Results: Air-bone gap > 40 dB was found in 60% cases of ossicular discontinuity, followed by air bone gap 31-40 dB(20%), 21-30 dB(13.33%) and 11-20 dB( 6.67%) respectively. So ossicular discontinuity was more in higher air-bone gap group and it was statistically highly significant (p<0.001). Perforation edge attached to medial wall where ossicular discontinuity was 93.3% and perforation edge free from medial wall was 6.7%.Ossicular discontinuity was higher when perforation edge was found attached to medial wall which was highly statistically significant (p<0.001). Out of 25 granulation tissue cases ossicular discontinuity was found 21(84%) and ossicular chain intact was found 4(16%). That was statistically significant (p<0.01). Conclusion: Non-cholesteatoma COM may cause ossicular disconnection. Majority ossicular discontinuity found when average air bone gap > 40 dB. Ossicular discontinuity was also found more in cases where there is attachment of perforation edge to medial wall, and presence of granulation tissue. If preoperative information can be gathered to determine whether or not the ossicular chain is intact, the patient can be better informed, counseled for ossiculoplasty before surgery. J Dhaka Medical College, Vol. 29, No.1, April, 2020, Page 47-52

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