scholarly journals HEPATITIS B AND HEPATITIS C SEROPOSITIVE SURGICAL CASES AND ITS IMPACT ON PERIOPERATIVE BLOOD TRANSFUSION

2021 ◽  
Vol 71 (5) ◽  
pp. 1594-97
Author(s):  
Mobeen Ikram ◽  
Saira Mahboob ◽  
Rizwan Yusuf
Keyword(s):  
Hepatitis C ◽  
Blood Transfusion ◽  
Hepatitis B ◽  
Study Data ◽  
Surgical Patients ◽  
Military Hospital ◽  
Ethical Review ◽  
Hepatitis C Infection ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Mean Delay

Objective: To evaluate the frequency of Hepatitis B and Hepatitis C on our surgical patients and its impact on operation theater delay, change of anesthesia plan and requirement of perioperative blood and blood products transfusion. Study Design: Cross sectional, analytical study. Place and Duration of Study: Department of Anesthesiology, Combined Military Hospital, Okara, from Apr to Sep 2019. Methodology: After the approval of the hospital ethical review committee, 154 patients with either Hepatitis B or Hepatitis C undergoing various surgeries were included in our study. Data was analyzed using SPSS-20. Results: The overall frequency of chronic liver disease was 154 (4.71%). A total of 23 (0.70%) were found to be seropositive as viral Hepatitis B and 127 (3.88%) as Hepatitis C; whereas 4 (0.12%) patients were diagnosed to have both virus serology positive. There was mean delay of 26.2 ± 8.29 minutes in 78 (52%) patients. The anesthetist had to change the plan of anesthesia for only 1 (0.7%) patient. There was also no difference in frequency of change of anesthesia plan (p=0.35); delay in surgery (p=0.16) and blood transfusion between the patients with Hepatitis B or Hepatitis C infection (p=0.72). Conclusion: The frequency of Hepatitis B and Hepatitis C was lower (4.71%) in our surgical patients with no effect of Hepatitis B and Hepatitis C on blood loss, peri-operative transfusion, delay in surgery or change in anesthesia plan.

scholarly journals Prevalence of Hepatitis B and Hepatitis C Virus in Rahim Yar Khan; A Hospital Based Study.

2020 ◽  
Vol 27 (10) ◽  
pp. 2129-2132
Author(s):  
Muhammad Zubair ◽  
Mohsin Ur Rashid ◽  
Muhammad Azam ◽  
Hassan Tariq ◽  
Syed Salman Ali ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Hepatitis C Virus ◽  
Hepatitis C ◽  
General Population ◽  
Hepatitis B ◽  
Early Diagnosis ◽  
Observational Study ◽  
Military Hospital ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
High Prevalence ◽  
Study Setting

Objectives: This study was performed to determine the prevalence of Hepatitis B and C virus in general population of Rahim Yar Khan. Study Design: Cross Sectional and Observational study. Setting: Combined Military Hospital Rahim Yar Khan. Period: 1st Jan 2018 to 30th June 2019. Material & Methods: Patients of both genders and all ages were included in the study. HBV and HCV were analysed using Kit method and positive cases confirmed by ELISA. Results: A total number of 4635 people were screened for Hepatitis B, and C. Among 2325 individuals screened for HCV, 365 (15.6%) were positive for Anti HCV. Among 2310 individuals screened for HBV, 82 (3.5%) were found positive. Positive cases were later confirmed by ELISA. Conclusion: High prevalence of HBV and HCV in this area warrants serious efforts to prevent the spread of these viruses. Screening facilities should be provided at community level to assess the real burden and for early diagnosis and prevention of complications.

scholarly journals CROSS SECTIONAL STUDY OF PREVALENCE AND RISK FACTORS OF HEPATITIS B AND HEPATITIS C INFECTION IN A RURAL VILLAGE OF INDIA

2015 ◽  
Vol 52 (4) ◽  
pp. 321-324 ◽  
Author(s):  
Prasad BHATE ◽  
Naimish SARAF ◽  
Pathik PARIKH ◽  
Meghraj INGLE ◽  
Aniruddha PHADKE ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
Hepatitis C Virus ◽  
Hepatitis C ◽  
Hepatitis B ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Blood Product Transfusion ◽  
Sectional Study ◽  
Hepatitis C Infection ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Hbsag Positivity

Background - Hepatitis B virus and hepatitis C virus are among the principal causes of severe liver disease. There is limited data of epidemiology of Hepatitis B in community, more so in rural population. Objective - To find the prevalence of hepatitis B and C infection in community and study the risk factors for their transmission. Methods - This was a community based cross sectional study. A total of 1833 randomly selected subjects from a rural area were interviewed for risk factors for transmission and tested for markers of hepatitis B and hepatitis C infection. All the positive card tests were confirmed by ELISA. Results - Out of 2400 subjects, rate for participation was 76.38%. None of the subjects was positive for anti hepatitis C virus antibody. Point prevalence for HBsAg positivity was 0.92. Being healthcare worker and having tattoo were significantly associated with HBsAg positive results. Nose and ear piercing was reported by almost. History of blood or blood product transfusion, I/V drug abuse, multiple sexual partners, unsafe Injections, hemodialysis and any h/o surgery was not associated with HBsAg positivity. Conclusion - Health care workers are at high risk for transmission of hepatitis B. Educating common people regarding mode of transmission of Hepatitis B and C will help to reduce their transmission.

scholarly journals HEPATITIS C INFECTION

2015 ◽  
Vol 22 (10) ◽  
pp. 1278-1283
Author(s):  
Shabnam Naveed ◽  
Syed Masroor Ahmed ◽  
Zeeshan Ali ◽  
Romana Awan ◽  
Humaira Zakir ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Hepatitis C ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Study Data ◽  
Diabetic Patients ◽  
Hepatitis C Virus Infection ◽  
Hepatitis C Infection ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
History Of ◽  
Associated Risk Factors ◽  
Insulin Use

Objectives: To determine the prevalence of Hepatitis C virus infection in Type IIDiabetes Mellitus patients and its associated risk factors in our population. Duration and Placeof Study: Study was conducted in Jinnah Post graduate Medical Centre, Karachi betweenDecember 2013 to December 2014.Study Design: It is a Cross-sectional study. Data collectionand Results: Data was collected from registered diabetic patients, 355 diagnosed Type IIdiabetes mellitus patients including 128(36.1%) males and 227(63.9%) females were selectedand their Hepatitis C screening was done by ICT method. The bio-data of the patients, history andduration of diabetes mellitus, history of blood transfusion, previous surgery, accidents, shavingfrom barber, tattooing, nose piercing, acupuncture,insulin use were recorded on a proforma.Out of the 355 diabetes mellituspatients tested, 33 were positive for anti-HCV antibodies givinga prevalence of 9.3%. Conclusion:There is increased prevalence of HCV infectionin diabeticpatients when compared with general prevalence of HCV in Pakistan.

scholarly journals Chronic Hepatitis C Infection among Renal Failure Patients on Hemodialysis at RSUD dr. Saiful Anwar Malang

2021 ◽  
Vol 1 (1) ◽  
pp. 35-40
Author(s):  
Syifa Mustika ◽  
Camelia Dwi Jayanti ◽  
Bogi Pratomo Wibowo
Keyword(s):  
Chronic Hepatitis ◽  
Hepatitis C ◽  
Chronic Hepatitis C ◽  
Hemodialysis Patient ◽  
Chronic Kidney Failure ◽  
Study Data ◽  
Chronic Hemodialysis ◽  
Hcv Infection ◽  
Hepatitis C Infection ◽  
Cross Sectional

Hemodialysis patient are at particular high risk for blood-borne infections. It has been estimated that among patient on hemodialysis, the prevalence of HCV infection is much higher than in general population. Research Objective: To know the prevalence and factors related with Hepatitis C infection in Chronic Kidney Failure patients who underwent chronic hemodialysis in RSUD Dr. Saiful Anwar Malang. Methods: This is a descriptive cross-sectional study. Data was obtained from medical record of hemodialysis patient at Hemodialysis Unit RSUD Dr. Saiful Anwar Malang period April 1, 2016 - March 31, 2017. Results: 688 patients underwent hemodialysis were included in this study, 71 patients (10.323%) positive HCV infection, male 33 patient (46.47%) and female 38 patient (53.53%). The highest positive anti HCV at the age of 48-56 year (24 patient). Patient with blood transfusion were positive 69 patient (97.20%) (p<0.05). Patient on Hemodialysis 5-10 years with positive HCV (60.56%) (p<0.05). From frequency HD one times a week 39 patient and two times a week 32 patient (p<0.05). Based on access type; manual access 48 patient (67.61%), AV shunt 15 patient (21.13%), double lumen 8 patient (11.26%) (p>0.05). Conclusions: Prevalence of chronic hepatitis C infection in CKD on HD is 10.3 %. There is correlation between blood transfusions, duration and frequency of hemodialysis on anti HCV positive. No relationship between access type of hemodialysis with anti HCV positive.

scholarly journals Prevalence and Characterization of Hepatitis B and Hepatitis C Infection among Blood Donors in Erbil

2020 ◽  
Vol 4 (1) ◽  
pp. 45-51
Author(s):  
Chato A. Taher ◽  
Goran N. Saleh
Keyword(s):  
Hepatitis C ◽  
Hepatitis B ◽  
Blood Donors ◽  
High Sensitivity ◽  
Dual Infection ◽  
Rt Pcr ◽  
Hepatitis C Infection ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Occult Hepatitis ◽  
Hbs Ag

Blood transmitting infectious disease still remains a considerable global health problem. Hepatitis B virus (HBV) and hepatitis C virus (HCV) are two of the most commonly transmitted infectious agents. This prospective cross-sectional study was conducted between December, 2017, and February, 2018, at the Directorate of Blood Bank in Erbil Province, Northern Iraq. During that period, a total of 6173 blood donors donated blood; all blood donors were asked a series of questions through a structured questionnaire designed for such purpose. These patients were serologically examined for HBV and HCV. Positive blood samples were further analyzed serologically and confirmed by real-time polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR). Among 6173 blood donors who were investigated for HBV, 7 (0.11%) and 98 (1.6%) were positive for hepatitis B urface antigen (HBs-Ag) and hepatitis B core Antibody (HBc-Ab), respectively, whereas during screening for HCV, 4 (0.06%) were positive for HCV-Ab. Coinfection (dual infection (HBV and HCV) was positive in 1 patient (0.01%). Among 98 reactive samples, 75.5% were positive for HBs antibody (HBs-Ab), the remaining 24 samples (24.5%) were regarded as occult hepatitis B infection (OBI), since they were positive for HBc-Ab, whereas negative both for HBs-Ag and HBs-Ab. The diagnosis of OBI could be confirmed by RT-PCR in 8 samples, 33% of samples. The overall incidence of HBV and HCV among examined blood donors was 0.5 %, and 0.06%, respectively. Amidst that incidence, 0.39 % were diagnosed as OBI. To prevent viral transmission through blood transfusion is needed to combine a different and sensitive method for HBV detection as well as volve tests that have high sensitivity and specificity for serological markers. Moreover, a molecular tool that is sensitive enough to detect very low copies of viral DNA must also be developed.

scholarly journals Prevalence and Risk Factors Associated with Hepatitis B and Hepatitis C Infections among Patients Undergoing Hemodialysis: A Single-Centre Study in Somalia

2021 ◽  
Vol 2021 ◽  
pp. 1-6
Author(s):  
Mohamed Osman Omar Jeele ◽  
Rukia Omar Barei Addow ◽  
Faduma Nur Adan ◽  
Liban Hassan Jimale
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
Hepatitis C ◽  
Blood Transfusion ◽  
Hepatitis B ◽  
Hemodialysis Patients ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
B Virus ◽  
Single Centre Study ◽  
History Of ◽  
The Mean

Introduction. Hemodialysis patients have the highest risk for developing hepatitis B virus (HBV) and hepatitis C virus (HCV) than the general population. There is no study available for HBV and HCV in this population in Somalia. The main objective of this study is to determine the prevalence and risk factors of HBV and HCV infections among hemodialysis patients in Somalia. Methods. A cross-sectional assessment of hemodialysis patients from January 2021 to June 2021 was used in this study. 220 patients were included in this study. Age, sex, duration of hemodialysis, number of hemodialysis sessions per week, history of blood transfusion, HbsAg, and anti-HCV antibodies were examined. Results. Out of the 220 patients, males were predominant (113 (51.4%)). The mean age of the participants was 52.70. The prevalence of HBV was 7.3% (16 respondents), while the prevalence of HCV was 3.2% (7 respondents). 1 respondent (0.5%) had both HBV and HCV. There is a positive correlation between the duration of hemodialysis and the prevalence of HBV and HCV (r(218) = 0.298, p value <0.001), blood transfusion and prevalence of HBV and HCV (r(218) = 0.347, p value <0.001), and the number of hemodialysis sessions per week and prevalence of HBV and HCV (r(218) = 0.402, p value <0.001). The regression model of the combined predictors of history of blood transfusion, duration of hemodialysis, and number of dialysis sessions per week is R2 = 0.25, which indicates a 25% variance in the prevalence of HBV and HCV with a significance of F (3,216) = 23.67, p < 0 .001 . Conclusions. The prevalence of HBV and HCV among hemodialysis patients in this study was 7.3% and 3.2%, respectively. 0.5% of the respondents had both HBV and HCV. History of blood transfusion, duration of hemodialysis, and number of hemodialysis sessions per week appear to have a strong correlation with the prevalence of HBV and HCV.

scholarly journals Seroprevalence and risk factors for hepatitis B and hepatitis C in three large regions of Kazakhstan

PLoS ONE ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 16 (12) ◽  
pp. e0261155
Author(s):  
Alexander Nersesov ◽  
Arnur Gusmanov ◽  
Byron Crape ◽  
Gulnara Junusbekova ◽  
Salim Berkinbayev ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
Hepatitis C ◽  
Blood Transfusion ◽  
Hepatitis B ◽  
Epidemiological Studies ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Cluster Sampling ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
History Of ◽  
Comprehensive Programs

Background & aims Kazakhstan has implemented comprehensive programs to reduce the incidence of Hepatitis B and Hepatitis C. This study aims to assess seroprevalence and risk factors for HBsAg and anti-HCV positivity in three large regions of Kazakhstan. Methods A cross-sectional study was conducted in three regions geographically remote from each other. Participants were randomly selected using a two-stage stratified cluster sampling and were surveyed by a questionnaire based on the WHO STEP survey instrument. Blood samples were collected for HBsAg and anti-HCV testing. Results A total of 4,620 participants were enrolled. The seroprevalence was 5.5% (95%CI: 3.6%-8.4%) for HBsAg and 5.1% (95%CI: 3.5%-7.5%) for anti-HCV antibodies. Both were more prevalent in the western and northern regions than in the southern. A history of blood transfusion was significantly associated with anti-HCV presence, with odds ratios (ORs) of 2.10 (95%CI: 1.37–3.21) and was borderline associated with HBsAg 1.39 (95%CI: 0.92–2.10), respectively. Having a family member with viral hepatitis was also borderline associated (2.09 (95%CI: 0.97–4.50)) with anti-HCV positivity. Conclusions This study found a high-intermediate level of endemicity for HBsAg and a high level of endemicity for anti-HCV antibodies in three large regions of Kazakhstan. We found that history of surgery was not associated with HbsAg neither with anti-HCV seropositivity rates. Blood transfusion was associated with anti-HCV seropositivity, however, to investigate effectiveness of the introduced comprehensive preventive measures in health care settings, there is a need to conduct further epidemiological studies.

scholarly journals Seroprevalence of Hepatitis B and Hepatitis C in end-stage renal disease patients on maintenance hemodialysis: a single-center study from Bangladesh

2019 ◽  
Vol 6 (4) ◽  
pp. 1317
Author(s):  
S. M. Rahid Sarwar ◽  
A. K. M Mijanur Rahman ◽  
S. M. Mijanur Rahman ◽  
Shahjada Selim ◽  
A. B. M. Kamrul Hasan
Keyword(s):  
Hepatitis C Virus ◽  
Hepatitis C ◽  
Blood Transfusion ◽  
Hepatitis B ◽  
Renal Disease ◽  
End Stage Renal Disease ◽  
Military Hospital ◽  
Maintenance Hemodialysis ◽  
Stage Renal Disease ◽  
End Stage

Background: Hepatitis B virus (HBV) and Hepatitis C virus (HCV) infections are important causes of morbidity and mortality in hemodialysis (HD) patients. The aim of this study was to estimate the seroprevalence of HBV and HCV among end-stage renal disease (ESRD) patients on maintenance HD.Methods: This cross-sectional study was conducted in the hemodialysis unit of a military hospital of Bangladesh from October 2013 to March 2014 and included 141 maintenance HD patients. All patients were assessed by HBsAg and anti-HCV antibodies in addition to routine liver function tests.Results: The age range of the study subjects were 18-70 years, and the majority (85.11%) were male. Among them 22 (15.60%) were positive for anti HCV, 5(3.5%) were positive for HBsAg, and 3 patients (2.13%) were positive for both HBsAg and anti-HCV. The duration of hemodialysis was higher in anti-HCV positive patients (49±24 vs. 25±10 months, p <0.05) than anti-HCV negative ones. Anti-HCV positive patients in this study received a higher number of blood transfusion (units) than anti-HCV negative patients (7.5±4.3 vs. 2.8±1.7 units, p <0.05). HBsAg positive patients also received a higher number of blood transfusion (units) than HBsAg negative patients (8.2±3.1 vs. 3.2±1.2 units, p <0.05).Conclusions: Hepatitis C virus was the major form of hepatitis in HD patients in this study. The duration of HD was higher in anti-HCV positive patients; the numbers of blood transfusion units were higher in patients positive for HCV and HBV than the negative ones.

scholarly journals Living as a drug addict in Oslo, Norway – a study focusing on nutrition and health

2009 ◽  
Vol 12 (5) ◽  
pp. 630-636 ◽  
Author(s):  
M Sæland ◽  
M Haugen ◽  
F-L Eriksen ◽  
A Smehaugen ◽  
M Wandel ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Hepatitis C ◽  
Hepatitis B ◽  
Nutritional Status ◽  
Structured Interview ◽  
Living Conditions ◽  
Drug Addicts ◽  
Hepatitis C Infection ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Income Source ◽  
Drug History

AbstractObjectivesTo investigate nutritional status and related living conditions among drug addicts in Oslo.DesignA cross-sectional study of nutritional status evaluated by anthropometric and biochemical measurements; a structured interview concerning education, living conditions, income source, drug history and sex practice; and biochemical testing of sexually transmitted infections.SettingThe present study was conducted between November 2001 and April 2003 in locations where the drug addicts reside in Oslo.SubjectsA total of 123 male and seventy-two female addicts using drugs by injections regularly.ResultsWe found that 20 % of the women were moderately underweight (BMI in kg/m2) (16·5 < BMI < 18·5), 7 % were severely underweight (BMI ≤ 16·5) and 3 % of the men were moderately underweight (16·5 < BMI < 18·5). BMI was positively correlated with days institutionalised and number of eating events per day. Respondents sleeping rough had significantly reduced BMI compared to those in hostels and shelters. The concentrations of Hb, serum ferritin and albumin supported a higher prevalence of malnutrition among the women. Hepatitis C was found in 85 %, active hepatitis B in 6 % and less than 2 % were HIV positive. Also, 84 % received public financial support, 38 % of the women had prostitution as a significant income source, while burglary was most prevalent among the men; 20 % were pushing drugs.ConclusionMalnutrition among the drug addicts varied from 5 % to 30 %, independent of drug history, education and income. Moderate and severe underweight was most prevalent among the women. Being previously institutionalised and having increased number of eating events increased BMI. Sleeping rough correlated with reduced body weight. Hepatitis C infection was common; hepatitis B and HIV were rare.

scholarly journals Frequency and Risk Factors Associated with Positive Cases of Hepatitis B and Hepatitis C in 100 Dialysis Dependent Patients

2015 ◽  
Vol 2 (1) ◽  
pp. 9-15
Author(s):  
Riaz Gul ◽  
Ahmad Zeb ◽  
Naila Sher
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
Hepatitis C ◽  
Blood Transfusion ◽  
Data Collection ◽  
Hepatitis B ◽  
Sampling Technique ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Factors Associated ◽  
Hepatitis Infection

The main objective of the study was to determine the frequency of hepatitis B and hepatitis C in hemodialysis dependent patients who are positive for either type of hepatitis infection.Methodology:Study was conducted for duration of five months (1st Dec 2014- 23rd April 2015) at nephrology unit of Khyber teaching hospital and kidney center of Hayat Abad medical complex. Patients who were dependent on dialysis with renal failure due to any cause were targeted for the study. All patients who were found positive for either type of hepatitis infection were included in the study. All patients who were positive with hepatitis infection before the start of dialysis and those who came for the first time for dialysis were excluded from the study.A semi structured questionnaire with both open and close ended questions was used to collect the information from the patients. Written consent was taken from all the patients prior to the data collection after explaining purpose of the study. It was a cross sectional study and non-probability convenient sampling technique was adopted for the data collection. Total of hundred patients who were positive for hepatitis were taken as sample size. Patient’s record was also thoroughly checked as an adding tool for data collection. Apart from patients some inquiry was also done from the concerned staff working on dialysis machines.Results:Results of this study show that the prevalence of hepatitis infection is more in dialysis dependent patients as compared to the general population, and that among the positive cases the frequency of hepatitis C was more than hepatitis B. Common risk factors associated with increase prevalence of hepatitis infection among hemodialysis dependent patients are frequent blood transfusion without proper screening, lack of proper sterilization of dialysis machine and environment where dialysis is carried out. Close proximity of the patients with positive cases of hepatitis positive patients, previous surgical procedures carried out, history of hepatitis infection in family and decreased immunity of the dialysis patientsConclusions:Frequent dialysis leads to increase frequency of hepatitis C as compared to hepatitis B and unsterilized environment of the area around the machine and unscreened blood transfusion are the major contributors.

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