scholarly journals On the Waterfront: The Historic Waterfront Precinct, Dunedin, New Zealand

2011 ◽  
Vol 18 ◽  
pp. 65-82
Author(s):  
Alexander Trapeznik
Keyword(s):  
Nineteenth Century ◽  
New Zealand ◽  
Central City ◽  
Gold Rush ◽  
Reclaimed Land ◽  
Built Heritage ◽  
Urban Rural ◽  
The Common ◽  
Relationship Of ◽  
The City

This article examines the industrial and mercantile built heritage of New Zealand by considering a remarkable precinct in Dunedin of surviving commercial buildings from the second half of the nineteenth century. The city was then the country’s financial, commercial and industrial centre, having undergone a gold rush boom in the 1860s. A large industrial and commercial precinct was rapidly created on reclaimed land in the central city over the following three decades. This study seeks to emphasise the importance of the agricultural economy and the stock and station agency business in particular to urban growth; this urban-rural interdependency that shaped nineteenth-century Dunedin. This contradicts the common emphasis on the gold rush boom and its architectural legacy. This study adopts a landscapes approach, offering a holistic framework which recognises the inter-relationship of

The International IP System: From Continuity to Resilience

2017 ◽  
Author(s):  
Henning Grosse Ruse-Khan
Keyword(s):  
Nineteenth Century ◽  
Intellectual Property ◽  
International Law ◽  
Revolutionary Change ◽  
Minimum Standards ◽  
Multilateral System ◽  
Common Goals ◽  
The Common ◽  
Relationship Of

This chapter looks at how rule-relations within the international intellectual property (IP) system have developed from continuity (in constantly raising minimum standards) to resilience (against certain forms of increasing protection). It considers the evolution of the international IP system from the nineteenth century onwards, examining how each succeeding changes and additions to the system had established a relationship of continuity which integrates existing standards and adds new ones. The chapter then turns to the emergence of another revolutionary change. The integral nature of the common goals established in TRIPS’ object and purpose creates a form of ‘resilience’ of the multilateral system over attempts for inter-se modifications. Moreover, international law has appropriate tools so that those charged with applying, implementing, and interpreting multilateral IP norms can give effect to this resilience both in relations of interpretation and relations of conflict.

Rum, Romanism, and Evangelism: Protestants and Catholics in Late-Nineteenth-Century Boston

1999 ◽  
Vol 68 (3) ◽  
pp. 627-647 ◽  
Author(s):  
Margaret Bendroth
Keyword(s):  
Nineteenth Century ◽  
Middle Class ◽  
Late Nineteenth Century ◽  
Baptist Church ◽  
The North ◽  
Thursday Morning ◽  
Evangelical Protestants ◽  
The Common ◽  
Late Nineteenth ◽  
The City

On the morning of Wednesday, May 20,1885, Boston police arrested three Protestant clergymen for preaching on the Common. News of the outrage traveled quickly, and within hours the city's evangelical Protestants were in an uproar. When the preachers—A. J. Gordon, pastor of the Clarendon Street Baptist church; H. L. Hastings, editor of a locally popular evangelical periodical, the Christian; and W. H. Davis, superintendent of a mission in the North End—appeared at the Municipal Criminal Courthouse on Thursday morning, a crowd reported to be between four thousand and five thousand, “principally of the middle-class, well-dressed and well behaved,” thronged the steps of the building. “[I]t was clearly evident,” Hastings later wrote, “that something unusual was going on in the police court of the city of Boston.”

scholarly journals FESTA Festival of Transitional Architecture in Christchurch, New Zealand

2017 ◽  
Vol 2 (3) ◽  
pp. 177 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jessica Halliday
Keyword(s):  
New Zealand ◽  
Central Government ◽  
Central City ◽  
Large Earthquake ◽  
Land Values ◽  
The Public ◽  
Suburban Areas ◽  
Collective Response ◽  
The City ◽  
Spatial Plan

<p>In 2012 <a href="http://www.festa.org.nz">FESTA</a> emerged in Christchurch, New Zealand as a collective response to the extraordinary circumstances of a natural disaster. As a place-based (and now biennial) weekend-long festival of architecture and urbanism it continues to seek and find relevance to that place, its people, and to all involved in the event (participants, audience, funders and supporters) as the extraordinary fades into a more ordered and ordinary existence.<br />On 22 February 2011, a large earthquake hit the city of Christchurch, New Zealand. It was the second largest, and most destructive, of a series of over 11,000 earthquakes recorded in the region over a 2-year period from September 2010. 185 people died as a result of the February quake and over 75% of the built fabric of the central city was demolished. Christchurch’s central city was cordoned off from the public and put under army control, portions of it for over two years. A new government agency was established to direct the city’s recovery. It commissioned and backed a new spatial plan for the central city (‘<a href="http://architecturenow.co.nz/articles/the-final-blueprint-for-a-new-christchurch/">The Blueprint’</a>), designed to retain existing land values and incentivise new and current investment as well as renew public spaces and amenities. Land damage caused whole suburban areas to be deemed unrepairable and these neighbourhoods were ‘<a href="https://teara.govt.nz/en/zoomify/46379/eastern-suburbs-red-zone">red zoned’</a> and purchased by the central government. Over 4 years, 8000 homes in the suburban red zones were demolished. Drastic change and uncertainty touched most aspects of Christchurch people’s lives in the years following the earthquake.</p>

scholarly journals Room to Breathe: Designing a framework for medium density housing in Ōtautahi-Christchurch

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
◽  
Joshua Campbell-Tie
Keyword(s):  
New Zealand ◽  
Full Advantage ◽  
Urban Environment ◽  
Central City ◽  
Mass Transit ◽  
Design Framework ◽  
Medium Density ◽  
Housing Costs ◽  
The Future ◽  
The City

<p><b>Ōtautahi-Christchurch faces the future in an enviable position. Compared to other New Zealand cities Christchurch has lower housing costs, less congestion, and a brand-new central city emerging from the rubble of the 2011 earthquakes. ‘Room to Breathe: designing a framework for medium density housing (MDH) in Ōtautahi-Christchurch’ seeks to answer the timely question how can medium density housing assist Ōtautahi-Christchurch to respond to growth in a way that supports a well-functioning urban environment? Using research by design, the argument is made that MDH can be used to support a safe, accessible, and connected urban environment that fosters community, while retaining a level of privacy. This is achieved through designing a neighbourhood concept addressing 3 morphological scales- macro- the city; meso- the neighbourhood; and micro- the home and street. The scales are used to inform a design framework for MDH specific to Ōtautahi-Christchurch, presenting a typological concept that takes full advantage of the benefits higher density living has to offer.</b></p> <p>Room to Breathe proposes repurposing underutilised areas surrounding existing mass transit infrastructure to provide a concentrated populous who do not solely rely on private vehicles for transport. By considering all morphological scales Room to Breathe provides one suggestion on how MDH could become accepted as part of a well-functioning urban environment.</p>

"El Corrido de Joaquín Murrieta": Origen y difusión

1995 ◽  
Vol 11 (1) ◽  
pp. 1-23 ◽  
Author(s):  
Luis Leal
Keyword(s):  
Nineteenth Century ◽  
Gold Rush ◽  
The State ◽  
Historical Events ◽  
Common People ◽  
Northern Mexico ◽  
Popular Narrative ◽  
The Common ◽  
Narrative Poem

The corrido is a popular narrative poem, sung accompanied by the guitar, by means of which the common people are informed about the deeds of popular heroes and other historical events. The Corrido de Joaquín Murrieta, whose origin we have traced back to a nineteenth-century corrido from the state of Zacatecas, in northern Mexico, is dedicated to a California gold rush hero who terrorized the mining camps soon after gold was discovered in 1848. An analysis of the form and contents of the most important versions of the Murrieta corrido is also presented.

Celebrity Culture and the Gold Rush Metropolis

2018 ◽  
Author(s):  
Amy K. DeFalco Lippert
Keyword(s):  
Nineteenth Century ◽  
Visual Culture ◽  
San Francisco ◽  
Pacific Coast ◽  
Gold Rush ◽  
Human Identity ◽  
Exchange Networks ◽  
Cultural Phenomenon ◽  
The Pacific ◽  
The City

With the gold rush, San Francisco almost instantaneously became an important stop for a host of international entertainment tours that expanded well beyond the Atlantic world, to Australia as well as the Pacific Coast. The term celebrity was first employed as a noun in the 1840s and 1850s, and from its inception, this cultural phenomenon was intrinsically linked with and profited handsomely from transnational exchange networks—the conduits for the transmission of print and visual culture, as well as the migration of people and capital. Theatrical entertainment flourished in nineteenth-century San Francisco, as did the trade in celebrity portraits. In this context, certain charismatic individuals emerged: notably female stars, including Lola Montez and Adah Isaacs Menken, who embodied the trend of self-representation that overtook the city. The celebrity thrived in a place where human identity could become a consumable commodity—in turn, it often became all-consuming..

Consuming Identities

2018 ◽  
Author(s):  
Amy DeFalco Lippert
Keyword(s):  
Nineteenth Century ◽  
San Francisco ◽  
Urban Space ◽  
Gold Rush ◽  
Visual Media ◽  
Revolving Door ◽  
Rapid Expansion ◽  
Production Methods ◽  
Language And Culture ◽  
The City

Along with the rapid expansion of the market economy and industrial production methods, innovations including photography, lithography, and steam printing created a pictorial revolution in the nineteenth century. Consuming Identities: Visual Culture in Nineteenth-Century San Francisco explores the significance of that revolution in one of its vanguard cities: San Francisco, the revolving door of the gold rush and the hub of Pacific migration and trade. The proliferation of visual prints, ephemera, spectacles, and technologies transformed public values and perceptions, and its legacy was as significant as the print revolution that preceded it. In their correspondence, diaries, portraits, and reminiscences, thousands of migrants to the city by the Bay demonstrated that visual media constituted a central means by which to navigate the bewildering host of changes taking hold around them in the second half of the nineteenth century. Images themselves were inextricably associated with these world-changing forces; they were commodities, but they also possessed special cultural qualities that gave them new meaning and significance. Visual media transcended traditional boundaries of language and culture that had divided groups within the same urban space. From the 1848 conquest of California and the gold discovery to the disastrous earthquake and fire of 1906, San Francisco anticipated broader national transformations in the commodification, implementation, and popularity of images. For the city’s inhabitants and visitors, an array of imagery came to mediate, intersect with, and even constitute social interaction in a world where virtual reality was becoming normative.

scholarly journals Establishment of a Phenotypic-based Sand Dollar Fellaster zelandiae Embryo Development Assay and its Application in Defining the Structure-Activity Relationship of Discorhabdin Alkaloids

2013 ◽  
Vol 8 (6) ◽  
pp. 1934578X1300800
Author(s):  
Tanja Grkovic ◽  
Brent R. Copp
Keyword(s):  
Natural Products ◽  
New Zealand ◽  
Embryo Development ◽  
Structure Activity Relationship ◽  
Structural Features ◽  
Activity Relationship ◽  
Sand Dollar ◽  
Structure Activity ◽  
The Common ◽  
Relationship Of

An embryo development assay using the common New Zealand intertidal species Fellaster zelandiae (sand dollar) is presented. The assay was validated by comparing activity profiles of a range of discorhabdin alkaloids, natural products sourced from Latrunculia spp. sponges containing a core pyrido[2,3- h]pyrrolo[4,3,2- de]quinoline tetracyclic skeleton bound to various spiro-substituents at the C-6 position. Structural features on the discorhabdin molecule that correlated to the greatest degree of F. zelandiae embryo developmental inhibition were the presence of a spiro-dienone moiety and a C-2 bromine substituent. Based on the sand dollar embryo development assay results, a mechanism for the activity of the discorhabdin alkaloids is proposed.

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