scholarly journals History Making: The Historian as Consultant

2013 ◽  
Vol 20 ◽  
pp. 24-41
Author(s):  
Jorma Kalela
Keyword(s):  
Human Life ◽  
Social Process ◽  
Basic Feature ◽  
The Past ◽  
The Social

History is not just a genre of knowledge but also a basic feature of human life. Accounting for the past, or creating histories, to quote David Thelen, is ‘as natural a part of life as eating or breathing’. Casual references to what has taken place make up the vast majority of these accounts. But there are also a great number of deliberately created expositions of the past. They are produced in every field of society and by a wide variety of actors, from private persons to, for example, politicians and various media. The totality of them can be called everyday history. These accounts of the past serve present purposes – histories have innumerable functions and are of countless types. Divergent accounts also influence each other, and my suggestion is that their interaction be called the never-ending social process of history-making. History making, in other words, is not the preserve of academically-trained historians. They are experts but not outside observers. Scholarly historians are inescapably involved in the social process of history making. Their work goes beyond prevailing histories: they seek interpretations that make better sense of the past than the existing ones. Embedded in this effort is another constructivist function: they demonstrate ways to think about the past and how to use it. When demonstrating ‘that’s not how it was’, historians at the same display ‘how the presentation should have been constructed’. Even if they don’t think of themselves as consultants on history making they act in this capacity.

Resilience, Relationality, and Older People: The Importance of Intergenerationality

2020 ◽  
Vol 25 (4) ◽  
pp. 644-660
Author(s):  
Anne Chappell ◽  
Elaine Welsh
Keyword(s):  
Older People ◽  
Qualitative Data ◽  
Social Process ◽  
Well Being ◽  
Ageing Population ◽  
The Past ◽  
The Social ◽  
Nuanced Understanding ◽  
The Uk ◽  
Intergenerational Connections

In this article, we examine the concept of resilience. Debates range from defining it as an individualised attribute to understanding it as a relational social process. Concerns about an ageing population alongside a growing interest in well-being have led to an increase in the use of the term ‘resilience’ in UK policy and political rhetoric. Developing strategies for ‘bouncing back’ from difficult circumstances has been at the heart of much discussion of resilience. Drawing on qualitative data from interviews and focus groups with older people in the UK, we explore their perspectives on resilience. We found that relationships, including intergenerational ones, are crucial to older people’s understandings of resilience. Our data showed that narratives from the past were used to sustain resilience in the present and that negotiation and exchange between generations, as well as intergenerational connections in the community, fostered resilience among our participants. We found that relationality was at the heart of older people’s perspectives on resilience and that the social process of resilience was acted out in their everyday interactions with others as well as through their memories of past interactions. This article argues that recognising the significance of these daily practices contributes to a more nuanced understanding of resilience.

GLOBAL AND LOCAL LANGUAGE IDEOLOGIES IN HUMOR

2021 ◽  
Vol 18 (1) ◽  
pp. 156-160
Author(s):  
A.V. Zhiganova ◽  
◽  
A.O. Laletina ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Language Ideologies ◽  
Social Process ◽  
Russian Language ◽  
Local Language ◽  
The Past ◽  
Russian Speakers ◽  
Multiple Contexts ◽  
The Social ◽  
Global And Local ◽  
The Russian Language

The influx of Anglicisms into the Russian language over the past three decades has given rise to the Russian speakers’ verbalized metalinguistic reflection in multiple contexts, including humorous sketches and performances. We analyze two humorous sketches based on the juxtaposition of “proglobal” and “prolocal” language ideologies. We argue that these ideologies are recognized by the audience, however, despite the polarity of viewpoints, humor consolidates the audience and brings awareness to the social process.

Hacker's Liberal Democracy and Social Control: A Critique

1957 ◽  
Vol 51 (4) ◽  
pp. 1027-1039
Author(s):  
Samuel Dubois Cook
Keyword(s):  
Social Control ◽  
Liberal Democracy ◽  
American Culture ◽  
Social Process ◽  
Ruling Class ◽  
Close Affinity ◽  
The Past ◽  
The Social ◽  
The Many ◽  
Exclusive Or

The essence of Hacker's construction is the theory of the ruling class. Immediately, one thinks of Marx, Mosca, Michels, Pareto, and several Americans who have espoused, in one form or another, oligarchic doctrines. What most sharply distinguishes Hacker from most theorists of this persuasion is the absence of presuppositions of historical inevitability. Seeking only to describe sequences and relations of the past and present, he makes no claims of omniscience, of knowing what the social process must unfold. Neither is his theory normative.Yet, apart from details and variations, there is a crucial framework of meaning which discloses Hacker's close affinity with the essence of conventional oligarchic doctrines: the few rule, the many simply obey; the governors, in substance if not in form, are free from compulsion to answer to the governed. Historically, and indeed currently, Hacker asserts, genuine power has been and is the exclusive or, at least, the primary possession of a privileged few. True, the composition and foundation of the governing class have changed, but this change, he continues, did not bring in its wake a widening or deepening of the structure of power in American culture. It merely means the substitution of one set of masters or controllers for another. After all, a monopoly of power is a monopoly, whether its source be deference or manipulation. Both, he avers, “permit a few men to rule many men.” Neither system of power allows the personnel and the general policies of government to be the product of voluntary and active consent. In both contexts, the ruled, not the rulers, are the object of control. “Both deference and manipulation are similar in that they are control.” Such, then, is Hacker's relation to the essence of oligarchic thought. What can be said of the validity of his formulation?

scholarly journals The Discourses of the Sinking Villages in Demak: The Social Relation between Humans and Nature

2020 ◽  
Vol 202 ◽  
pp. 07050
Author(s):  
Suwarno Peter ◽  
Nurhayati Nurhayati
Keyword(s):  
Climate Change ◽  
Discourse Analysis ◽  
Social Relation ◽  
Human Life ◽  
Economic Environment ◽  
Natural Phenomenon ◽  
The Past ◽  
The Social ◽  
Different Types ◽  
Made In

Stories of climate change and its impacts on human life that have been reported in various media supports arguments that it is largely man-made. In many Indonesian communities, however, this disaster that alters cultural, social, and economic environment is often viewed as a natural phenomenon. This paper analyzes expressions of the experiences of local Indonesian inhabitants and media reporters using discourse analysis. The selected texts in the reports mostly focus on expressions concerning how the inhabitants dealt with the ever-increasing tidal flood that engulfed their dwellings and communities. The analysis reveal that stories on their experiences contain words and themes representing their views of natural phenomenon that created memories of the past and uncertain plans for the futures. Different types and class of words they express not only represent grieving for loss of livelihood, but also, more importantly, embody efforts to make the best of what is left, including changing the inundated district into a tourism site.

scholarly journals Analysis of Edward Bond’s War Plays

2015 ◽  
Vol 61 ◽  
pp. 1-6
Author(s):  
Amir Daneshzadeh
Keyword(s):  
Content Analysis ◽  
Social Process ◽  
Historical Period ◽  
Left Wing ◽  
Management Research ◽  
Waste Land ◽  
The Past ◽  
Political Position ◽  
The Social ◽  
Nuclear Environment

The War Plays‘trilogy (Red, Black and Ignorant, The Tin Can People and Great Peace) presents the scenario of a waste land ‘with apocalyptical shades. The post nuclear environment of the plays reflects the Atmosphere of the historical period when it was written. The beginning of the eighties saw the debate about nuclear weapons and strong discussions about the Thatcher administration in this respect. Edward Bond emerged from a group of left-wing writers who joined the experimental fringe theatre in the 1970s. To make sense of this literature, we turn to content analysis to examine the trends and categorize the burgeoning management research of the past 25 years that uses content analysis. In Red Black and Ignorant characters confront the paradox. Society uses dramatists to create the drama it needs but a dramatist is not a conduit. He is responsible for what he writes, not out of duty but because discerning anything means evaluating it and this requires desire and commitment. What an author writes expresses the political position that informs his subjectivity. The way he writes shows his relation to himself, which is also his part in the social process. The relation 'creates' what he writes, the limitations come from the limitations of his skill.

scholarly journals FAKTOR-FAKTOR KEMUNCULAN GERAKAN RADIKAL DALAM ISLAM

ALQALAM ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 28 (3) ◽  
pp. 515
Author(s):  
ATU KAROMAH
Keyword(s):  
Social Scientist ◽  
Human Life ◽  
Social Economy ◽  
Modern Society ◽  
Political Life ◽  
Contemporary Society ◽  
Related Factors ◽  
The Past ◽  
The Social ◽  
Crisis Of Modernity

This article focuses on the causes of the radicalism of religions which sometimes perform violence. The modern thinkers believe that religion will fade and loss its role in a society when the society develops to be a modern society. They also believe that the advancement of various sciences will make religion as merely the past inheritance of human being that will be lost along with the development of modernization. Therefore, the social scientist generally believe that 'the death of religion' from human life all over the world is marking the time. The emergence of radicalism of religion in the social and political life of contemporary society is caused by various closely related factors. The radicalism of religion is indicated by the attitude of several adherents who perform denial to human values by performing harshness and terrorism. The adherents of a religion frequentfy assume that they are the only right ones without any compromise, non-history, and anti-dialogues in understanding the holy texts so that they are labeled as fundamentalists, extremists, radicalists, and so on. There are many factors causing emergence of radicalism of religion such as politics, social, economy, culture and theology. Key Words: Radicalism, crisis of modernity, fundamentalism  

scholarly journals The Social and Economic Impact of COVID 19 Pandemic on Museums. Case Study: „Princely Court” National Museum Ensemble

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mihai-Claudiu Nastase ◽  
◽  
Alexandru Mitru ◽  
Loredana Andreea Paun (Parnic) ◽  
◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Global Economy ◽  
Large Scale ◽  
Human Life ◽  
Medical Treatments ◽  
The Public ◽  
The Past ◽  
The Social ◽  
National Museums ◽  
Concert Halls ◽  
Second World

The new coronavirus (Covid-19) is one of the main challenges world today has to address. With no large scale availability vaccine yet, and more or less experimental medical treatments for curing the disease, we can safely say that we are still far behind a solution to this problem. This new pandemic is considered the biggest threat to the global economy since the Second World War and there is no aspects of human life have not been affected it, spiritual ones included. Its high contagiousness, as well as novelty, raised all kind of challenges and one of the main ones was our manner to produce answers, in early stages at least, this creating problem on its own and of its design. As well as all the other institutions, theatres, cinemas, concert halls, spaces of socialization and in the same time places of wonder, knowledge and spiritual enrichment the museums were heavily affected by the pandemic crisis, especially those who’s collections are not, but in very small proportion available, to the public through virtual media. Such a case is „Princely Court„ National Museums Ensemble from Targoviste, Dambovita County, Romania. The present paper proposes an overview of the highlights in institution′s activity the past years in comparison with how the pandemic crisis affected its activity in the past months and what were the responses given to keep the museum in the eye of the public. It will also try to summarize how and to what extent the activity went back to „normal” after the emergency state earlier imposed was lifted and how the visitors responded to the new realities.

Dowagers, Debs, Nuns and Babies: The Politics of Nostalgia and the Older Woman in the British Sunday Night Television Serial

2013 ◽  
Vol 10 (4) ◽  
pp. 769-784 ◽  
Author(s):  
Estella Tincknell
Keyword(s):  
Older Women ◽  
Social Role ◽  
Mature Female ◽  
Older Woman ◽  
Distinctive Features ◽  
The Past ◽  
Political Position ◽  
The Social ◽  
The Uk ◽  
Popular Television

The extensive commercial success of two well-made popular television drama serials screened in the UK at prime time on Sunday evenings during the winter of 2011–12, Downton Abbey (ITV, 2010–) and Call the Midwife (BBC, 2012–), has appeared to consolidate the recent resurgence of the period drama during the 1990s and 2000s, as well as reassembling something like a mass audience for woman-centred realist narratives at a time when the fracturing and disassembling of such audiences seemed axiomatic. While ostensibly different in content, style and focus, the two programmes share a number of distinctive features, including a range of mature female characters who are sufficiently well drawn and socially diverse as to offer a profoundly pleasurable experience for the female viewer seeking representations of aging femininity that go beyond the sexualised body of the ‘successful ager’. Equally importantly, these two programmes present compelling examples of the ‘conjunctural text’, which appears at a moment of intense political polarisation, marking struggles over consent to a contemporary political position by re-presenting the past. Because both programmes foreground older women as crucial figures in their respective communities, but offer very different versions of the social role and ideological positioning that this entails, the underlying politics of such nostalgia becomes apparent. A critical analysis of these two versions of Britain's past thus highlights the ideological investments involved in period drama and the extent to which this ‘cosy’ genre may legitimate or challenge contemporary political claims.

Disciplining Polenta: A Parody on the Politics of Saving Food

2020 ◽  
Vol 20 (2) ◽  
pp. 1-11
Author(s):  
Zachary Nowak ◽  
Bradley M. Jones ◽  
Elisa Ascione
Keyword(s):  
Food Products ◽  
Social Value ◽  
Traditional Food ◽  
Traditional Foods ◽  
Time And Space ◽  
Historical Sources ◽  
Scholarly Literature ◽  
Identity Creation ◽  
The Past ◽  
The Social

This article begins with a parody, a fictitious set of regulations for the production of “traditional” Italian polenta. Through analysis of primary and secondary historical sources we then discuss the various meanings of which polenta has been the bearer through time and space in order to emphasize the mutability of the modes of preparation, ingredients, and the social value of traditional food products. Finally, we situate polenta within its broader cultural, political, and economic contexts, underlining the uses and abuses of rendering foods as traditional—a process always incomplete, often contested, never organic. In stirring up the past and present of polenta and placing it within both the projects of Italian identity creation and the broader scholarly literature on culinary tradition and taste, we emphasize that for so-called traditional foods to be saved, they must be continually reinvented.

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