They Were All Filled with the Holy Ghost!

2016 ◽  
Author(s):  
Marne L. Campbell
Keyword(s):  
African American ◽  
Los Angeles ◽  
Early Years ◽  
Religious Institutions ◽  
Holy Ghost ◽  
Cultural Event ◽  
Specific Activities ◽  
The Individual ◽  
Azusa Street

Chapter 5, “They Were All Filled With the Holy Ghost!,” emphasizes the role of African American religious institutions, focusing primarily on the early years of the Azusa Street Revival, 1906 – 1908, a multiracial cultural event which marked the beginning of modern Pentecostalism. It investigates the individual histories of the movement’s founder, William J. Seymour, and his teacher, Charles Fox Parham, the movement’s multiracial constituency, and specific activities of laypeople within the movement. This chapter contextualizes the Pentecostalism in Los Angeles as illustrative of the city’s multicultural and multiracial characteristics.

scholarly journals Indirectness in the Age of Globalization: A Social Network Analysis

2019 ◽  
Vol 23 (4) ◽  
pp. 930-949
Author(s):  
Marina Terkourafi
Keyword(s):  
African American ◽  
American English ◽  
Historical Context ◽  
Theory Building ◽  
Network Ties ◽  
British English ◽  
Theoretical Predictions ◽  
The Individual ◽  
Individual Self

Indirectness has traditionally been viewed as commensurate with politeness and attributed to the speaker’s wish to avoid imposition and/or otherwise strategically manipulate the addressee. Despite these theoretical predictions, a number of studies have documented the solidarity-building and identity-constituting functions of indirectness. Bringing these studies together, Terkourafi 2014 proposed an expanded view of the functions of indirect speech, which crucially emphasizes the role of the addressee and the importance of network ties. This article focuses on what happens when such network ties become loosened, as a result of processes of urbanization and globalization. Drawing on examples from African American English and Chinese, it is argued that these processes produce a need for increased explicitness, which drives speakers (and listeners) away from indirectness. This claim is further supported diachronically, by changes in British English politeness that coincide with the rise of the individual Self. These empirical findings have implications for im/politeness theorizing and theory-building more generally, calling attention to how the socio-historical context of our research necessarily influences the theories we end up building.

scholarly journals Obesity and Polypharmacy among African American Older Adults: Gender as the Moderator and Multimorbidity as the Mediator

2019 ◽  
Vol 16 (12) ◽  
pp. 2181 ◽  
Author(s):  
Shervin Assari ◽  
Cheryl Wisseh ◽  
Mohsen Bazargan
Keyword(s):  
Older Adults ◽  
African American ◽  
Los Angeles ◽  
Older Women ◽  
Urban Areas ◽  
South Los Angeles ◽  
High Prevalence ◽  
Prevalence Of Obesity ◽  
Independent Variable

Despite high prevalence of obesity and polypharmacy among African American (AA) older adults, little information exists on the associations between the two in this population. This study explored the association between obesity and polypharmacy among AA older adults who were residing in poor urban areas of South Los Angeles. We also investigated role of gender as the moderator and multimorbidity as the mediator of this association. In a community-based study in South Los Angeles, 308 AA older adults (age ≥ 55 years) were entered into this study. From this number, 112 (36.4%) were AA men and 196 (63.6%) were AA women. Polypharmacy (taking 5+ medications) was the dependent variable, obesity was the independent variable, gender was the moderator, and multimorbidity (number of chronic medical conditions) was the mediator. Age, educational attainment, financial difficulty (difficulty paying bills, etc.), income, marital status, self-rated health (SRH), and depression were the covariates. Logistic regressions were used for data analyses. In the absence of multimorbidity in the model, obesity was associated with higher odds of polypharmacy in the pooled sample. This association was not significant when we controlled for multimorbidity, suggesting that multimorbidity mediates the obesity-polypharmacy link. We found significant association between obesity and polypharmacy in AA women not AA men, suggesting that gender moderates such association. AA older women with obesity are at a higher risk of polypharmacy, an association which is mainly due to multimorbidity. There is a need for screening for inappropriate polypharmacy in AA older women with obesity and associated multimorbidity.

scholarly journals REMEMBERING AND COMMEMORATING THE THEOLOGICAL LEGACY OF JOHN G. LAKE IN SOUTH AFRICA AFTER A HUNDRED YEARS

2016 ◽  
Vol 41 (3) ◽  
pp. 147-170
Author(s):  
Marius Nel
Keyword(s):  
South Africa ◽  
African American ◽  
Los Angeles ◽  
Holy Spirit ◽  
The Holy Spirit ◽  
Pentecostal Churches ◽  
Apostolic Faith Mission ◽  
Azusa Street

John G. Lake visited South Africa in 1908 as part of a missionary team with the aim to propagate the message of the baptism of the Holy Spirit as experienced at the Apostolic Faith Gospel Mission in 312 Azusa Street, Los Angeles under the leadership of William Seymour, son of African-American slaves. Lake’s missionary endeavours that ended in 1913 established the Apostolic Faith Mission of South Africa and eventually also the African Pentecostal churches (‘spiritual churches’, ‘Spirit-type churches’, ‘independent African Pentecostal churches’ or ‘prophet-healing churches’) constituting the majority of so-called African Independent/Initiated/Instituted (or indigenous) churches (AICs). This article calls for remembering and commemorating Lake’s theological legacy in South Africa in terms of these two groups of churches.

Religious Life in Ptolemaic Alexandria under the Royal Aegis

2020 ◽  
pp. 76-93
Author(s):  
Kyriakos Savvopoulos
Keyword(s):  
Religious Life ◽  
Cultural Environment ◽  
Religious Institutions ◽  
Royal Patronage ◽  
The Individual ◽  
Epigraphic Evidence ◽  
Material Evidence ◽  
Religious Landscape

A large proportion of the inscriptional evidence from Alexandria illustrates the key role of religious institutions and activities, under direct or indirect royal patronage, in the formation of a diverse and flexible cultural environment affording multiple permutations. As part of this environment, religion became the vehicle for the promotion of an ideological programme, appropriate for communicating the dual (i.e. Macedonian and Egyptian) character of the Ptolemaic monarchy in which the individual rulers have both human and divine characteristics. This chapter provides an updated chronological overview of the relevant epigraphic evidence, focusing on the roles and relationships of the Ptolemies and their courtiers as well as of other prominent individuals involved in the Alexandrian cults and temples. The discussion takes into account other types of material evidence for comparison, where possible, in order to provide as ‘panoramic’ a view as possible of the religious landscape.

scholarly journals Creative Careers and Territorial Development: The Role of Networks and Relational Proximity in Fashion Design

2012 ◽  
Vol 2012 ◽  
pp. 1-9 ◽  
Author(s):  
Diane-Gabrielle Tremblay
Keyword(s):  
Los Angeles ◽  
Local Development ◽  
Labour Force ◽  
Professional Associations ◽  
Provincial Government ◽  
Fashion Design ◽  
Fashion Industry ◽  
Territorial Development ◽  
The Individual

Geater Montreal is the third largest city in North America for the garment industry in terms of labour force, after Los Angeles and New York. The industry has however changed partly into a service industry, centered on fashion design, with a focus on international competitiveness but also the role of fashion in Montreal's economic and territorial development. Our article analyzes careers in the fashion design sector, sheds light on the evolution of creative sectors, and shows how these sectors could be better supported to favor local development, as neighborhoods and space design appear important in these creative sectors. We situate our analysis in the theoretical context of career theories, and analyze key moments in careers and the role of intermediate organizations and government programs in supporting these careers. Our paper makes a contribution to our knowledge of career paths in the fashion industry, but also to the role of relational proximity in supporting these careers, and thus local development. It highlights the importance of personal connections, the milieu in which the individual works and functions, the creativity of the individual, as well as the role of the local support organizations and professional associations, including agencies of the provincial government.

scholarly journals Aurora Collegial: um jornal dos alunos do Colégio Anchieta

2017 ◽  
Vol 1 (3) ◽  
pp. 140
Author(s):  
Ligia Bahia Mendonça
Keyword(s):  
Cultural History ◽  
Early Years ◽  
Religious Institutions ◽  
Jesuit Education ◽  
School Life ◽  
Education School ◽  
Religious Formation ◽  
School Journal ◽  
Life Values

Os periódicos escolares exerceram o papel de divulgadores e reforçadores das ideias e práticas de dadas instituições, ao mesmo tempo em que possibilita aos historiadores visitar e compreender aquela realidade. Este artigo investiga o jornal Aurora Collegial (1905-1922) produzido pelos alunos do Colégio Anchieta, à luz da História Cultural. Tomo o periódico como objeto e fonte de modo a poder historiar, através dos indícios do cotidiano escolar, valores, costumes e interesses que balizavam a educação jesuíta nos anos iniciais do século XX. Tratando o objeto/fonte na materialidade, reflito sobre as representações que difunde por práticas, formação religiosa e educação. A pesquisa pretende colaborar com os estudos sobre os periódicos escolares em instituições religiosas.Aurora Collegial: a journal of students of the Anchieta College. School journal shave played the role of disseminators and reinforcers of ideas and practices of certain institutions, at the same time that haveen abled historians to visit and understand such reality. This article investigates the Aurora Collegial periodical (1905-1922) produced by the students of Anchieta College, in the light of Cultural History. I take the periodical as na object and source of narrating facts, through the evidence ofeveryday school life, values, customs and interests that marked Jesuit education in the early years of the twentieth century. By treating the object / source in materiality, I reflect on the representations that spread through practices, religious formation, and education. The research intends to collaborate with the studies on the school periodicals in religious institutions. Keywords: Aurora Collegial; Jesuit education; School periodical.

The Spiritual Lives of Young African Americans

2017 ◽  
Author(s):  
Almeda Wright
Keyword(s):  
African American ◽  
African Americans ◽  
Critical Pedagogy ◽  
Identity Formation ◽  
African American Youth ◽  
Religious Institutions ◽  
Way Of Life ◽  
Adolescent Spirituality ◽  
Church And Society

The Spiritual Lives of Young African Americans unearths the ways that African American Christian youth separate their lives and spirituality into mutually exclusive categories, with the result that their religious beliefs and practices do not directly impact their experiences of communal and systemic injustices. Yet this work argues that youth can and do teach the church and society myriad lessons through their theological reflections and actions. This book takes seriously the harsh realities of African American youth, who are often marginalized and even dehumanized within society and religious institutions. It draws upon in-depth theological reflection with adolescents and recent research on adolescent spirituality to examine the crucial role of spirituality in adolescent identity formation and the practical ways that youth negotiate the world around them. Listening to the voices of young African Americans, including activist and poets, pushes us to consider specific examples of fragmentation, including how young African Americans can reconcile their faith in God with their experiences of police brutality and ongoing violence. In conversation with young African Americans, this book also mines the resources of African American religious and theological traditions, and shows how collectively they can help youth to navigate fragmentation and respond to systemic injustice. In particular, abundant life, or choosing the way of life abundant, offers a vision of life and hope for young people who are too often surrounded by death. This work concludes with a critical pedagogy for integrating spirituality and fostering abundant life with African American youth.

Politics and power: the Triumph of Jacobinism in Strasbourg, 1791–1793

1980 ◽  
Vol 23 (2) ◽  
pp. 327-352 ◽  
Author(s):  
Hugh Gough
Keyword(s):  
Nineteenth Century ◽  
French Revolution ◽  
Early Years ◽  
Religious Conflict ◽  
Political Life ◽  
Political Movement ◽  
Civil Strife ◽  
The Individual ◽  
Annus Mirabilis

One of the recurrent challenges to the historian of the French Revolution is that of interpreting the transition from the liberalism of its early years to the centralized dictatorship of the Terror. Why did the constitution of 1791, that remarkable legislative achievement which stood for so long as a model to nineteenth-century liberal reformers, collapse within a year of its enactment? How did the individual and political liberties guaranteed by that constitution become submerged so rapidly under the flood of repressive legislation during the Year II? What made the impressive façade of theannus mirabilisof 1790 crumble into political dissension from the summer of 1791 onwards, revealing the stark realities of religious conflict, war, insurrection and civil strife? Whether one regards this transition as the unfortunate consequence of a succession of political accidents or as the inevitable result of deeply rooted social conflict, the role of Jacobinism in the process is fundamental, for it provided both the personnel and the ideology that was to dominate political life throughout the Terror. As Michelet was one of the first to point out, Jacobinism underwent several transformations during the five years of its existence as a formal political movement, moving decisively to the left after the secession of the Feuillants in July 1791 and again with the expulsion of the leading Girondins in the following autumn, until it reached its final and most characteristic stage only at the height of the Terror, during Year II.

scholarly journals Becoming God: Cycles of Rebirth and Resurrection in Their Eyes Were Watching God

2016 ◽  
Vol 2 (1) ◽  
pp. 13-18
Author(s):  
Kaitlynn N Milvert
Keyword(s):  
African American ◽  
Oral Narrative ◽  
External Control ◽  
The Novel ◽  
Concept Of God ◽  
Individual Agency ◽  
American Novels ◽  
The Individual ◽  
External Forces

This paper reexamines African-American writer and anthropologist Zora Neale Hurston’s presentation of the self in Their Eyes Were Watching God (1937), generally considered one of the most important African-American novels of the twentieth century. Originally criticized by Hurston’s contemporaries as a retrograde folk portrait of African-American life, Their Eyes presents the oral narrative of Hurston’s protagonist, Janie, a woman surrounded by natural and social cycles. Building on the novel’s allusive title and the convergent Biblical and folkloric frameworks of the work, I trace the evolving concept of “God” throughout the novel as external forces continually shape and reshape Janie’s world for her, questioning whether she can retain any individual agency navigating through these cyclical, predetermined pathways. The redefined vision of the individual that emerges from this reading counters the criticism of Hurston’s contemporaries, as Janie herself assumes the role of “God” at the novel’s conclusion and gains the power to create her own cycles, free from external control. I thus argue that the novel transcends its supposed function as a depiction of the African-American self to make a broader, humanistic claim for the power of the individual, not contingent on social distinctions. 

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