To Advance the Course of Progress Forward

2017 ◽  
Author(s):  
Louis A. Pérez
Keyword(s):  
Economic Growth ◽  
Social Mobility ◽  
Consumer Culture ◽  
Colonial Rule ◽  
Physical Mobility

This chapter continues to explore the effects of economic growth and modernisation on Cuban society. Increased social mobility, especially among the Creole population, is one consequence. Physical mobility also improved, allowing Cubans to travel more easily within and beyond their country. The more Cubans saw of Europe and America, they more they became discontent with the limitations of colonial rule. Many Cubans of this period sent their children abroad to be educated, often in America, because Spain could not meet their needs when it came to new fields of learning and new bodies of knowledge. The chapter discusses how this, as well as consumer culture and an influx of good from outside the country, led to an evolving, less Spain-centric, Cuban identity.

Perceived Social Mobility and Political Trust in China

2015 ◽  
Vol 14 (4) ◽  
pp. 315-336 ◽  
Author(s):  
Zhenhua Su ◽  
Yang Cao ◽  
Jingkai He ◽  
Waibin Huang
Keyword(s):  
Economic Growth ◽  
Social Mobility ◽  
Social Order ◽  
Political Trust ◽  
Traditional Culture ◽  
Status Quo ◽  
World Values Survey ◽  
Reform Era ◽  
The Status ◽  
And Control

Existing studies have traced China’s high political trust to three sources: traditional culture, the state’s success in fostering economic growth, and ideological propaganda. We identify a fourth source: perceived social mobility. We argue that when people perceive a reasonable chance for upward mobility based on personal initiatives and efforts, the status quo becomes more justifiable because individuals are responsible for their own successes and failures. Perceived social mobility thus instills a sense of optimism and fairness and exonerates the regime from many blames, thereby enhancing political trust. Regression analysis of the China portion of the 2007 World Values Survey data shows that respondents who saw themselves as having choices and control in life were indeed more likely to trust the ruling communist party. The respondents’ overall level of perceived social mobility is also high, which is consistent with the massive shake-up of the preexisting social order in China’s reform era.

Producing communities and commodities: Safaricom and commercial nationalism in Kenya

2017 ◽  
Vol 13 (1) ◽  
pp. 21-39 ◽  
Author(s):  
David Tuwei ◽  
Melissa Tully
Keyword(s):  
Economic Growth ◽  
Social Mobility ◽  
Growth And Development ◽  
Mobile Services ◽  
Economic Success ◽  
Economic Growth And Development ◽  
National Sentiment ◽  
Upward Social Mobility ◽  
The Government

This research analyses Safaricom, one of the most established mobile operators in Kenya. Alongside the provision of mobile services, Safaricom has closely engaged with the government of Kenya, even getting involved in the nation’s politics. This study examines Safaricom’s advertisements from 2010-2014 to explore its use of national sentiment in its marketing. We argue that the ads reflect a commitment to promoting the country and its products through discourses of ‘commercial nationalism’, which present Safaricom as a driver of economic growth and development in Kenya. These discourses link Kenyan identity and distinctiveness to consumerism, commercial and economic success, profit and upward social mobility.

‘An intensive study of – feet!’ in two films by Lois Weber: Shoes and The Blot

2021 ◽  
pp. 38-48
Author(s):  
Pamela Hutchinson
Keyword(s):  
Middle Class ◽  
Working Class ◽  
Social Mobility ◽  
Wage Inequality ◽  
Consumer Culture ◽  
Intensive Study ◽  
Lower Middle Class ◽  
Moral Compromise ◽  
The Relationship

In Shoes (1916), Lois Weber re-examines the relationship between shoes and social mobility. Far from guiding the working-class protagonist’s progress, a pair of worn boots trap her into a moral compromise, which destroys her hope of future advancement, either romantically or socially. Weber’s investigation into wage inequality, the rights of women and the influence of consumer culture via footwear continues in The Blot (1921), which revisits the same plot in a lower middle-class milieu and expands on the theme. Here, shoes are again a danger to women, but also an indicator of genteel distress and a cheap, impractical commodity, good only for profiteering rather than practicality.

scholarly journals Succes eller fiasko? – Et komparativt blik på den danske konkurrencestat

2019 ◽  
Vol 29 (2) ◽  
pp. 51-75
Author(s):  
Mikkel Dehlholm ◽  
Ove K. Pedersen
Keyword(s):  
Economic Growth ◽  
Labor Market ◽  
Welfare State ◽  
Social Mobility ◽  
Employment Rate ◽  
Economic Stability ◽  
Market Policy ◽  
Four Dimensions ◽  
Competition State ◽  
State Employment

Artiklen belyser den danske konkurrencestat sammenlignet med andre vestlige lande. I analysen fokuseres på fire dimensioner: 2. Ulighed, fattigdom og skat, 2. Social mobilitet, 3. Økonomisk vækst, konkurrenceevne og økonomisk holdbarhed, og 4. Beskæftigelse, arbejdsløshed og arbejdsmarkedspolitik. Sideløbende analyseres sammenhænge mellem dimensionerne, eksempelvis ligheds betydning for social mobilitet, vækst mv. På baggrund af den komparative analyse argumenterer vi for, at Danmark overordnet set kan karakteriseres som en universalistisk konkurrencestat med en lav grad af ulighed (om end den er steget) og fattigdom kombineret med en konkurrencedygtig og holdbar økonomi, der fastholder den traditionelle velfærdsstats fokus på social sikring og lige adgang til velfærdsservice, om end reformer af dagpenge og kontanthjælp har mindsket graden af sikring i forbindelse med arbejdsløshed. Som den største udfordring for den danske konkurrencestat peger vi på, at Danmark på trods af et stærkt fokus på området stadig er udfordret af, at erhvervsdeltagelsen blandt 25-54 årige mænd er væsentligt lavere, end den var før 1973 og end i de lande, der klarer sig bedst på dette parameter (Schweiz, Japan, Island). På denne baggrund diskuteres, hvad der skal til for at øge beskæftigelsesfrekvensen. ENGELSK ABSTRACT Mikkel Dehlholm and Ove K. Pedersen: Success or failure: a comparative look at the Danish competition state This article analyzes the Danish competition state in comparison with other western states on four dimensions: 1) inequality, poverty and tax, 2) social mobility, 3) economic growth, competitiveness and economic stability and 4) employment, unemployment and labor market policy. It also analyzes relations between these dimensions. Based on the analysis, we argue that Denmark can be characterized as a universalistic competition state. We point out that the greatest challenge for the Danish competition state is the low employment rate for men between the ages of 25-54, which is lower than it was in 1973 and also lower than other countries (such as Switzerland, Japan, Iceland). We discuss ways of increasing this employment . Keywords: Competition state, Welfare state, employment, unemployment, inequality, social mobility.

The review of one country two systems of Hong Kong over two decades from the perspective of social development

2019 ◽  
Vol 8 (4) ◽  
pp. 511-522 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sum Yeung
Keyword(s):  
Hong Kong ◽  
Social Development ◽  
Social Mobility ◽  
Central Government ◽  
Colonial Rule ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Two Systems ◽  
One Country Two Systems ◽  
British Colonial ◽  
High Degree

Purpose The purpose of this paper is to study the development of one country two systems of Hong Kong over two decades and examine its challenges and prospect. One country two systems is pragmatic and compromise principle and social arrangement for Hong Kong under China sovereignty. It has served to resolve some issues related to the future of Hong Kong after the end of British Colonial rule since July 1, 1997. There are lessons to be learnt as the merits and flaws of the system have been identified in the study as perceived from the perspective of social development. Design/methodology/approach The paper is based on quantitative methodology. Data of public opinion polls conducted by various local universities on the development of one country two systems of Hong Kong have been employed in the study. Based on the data obtained from the relevant survey, different aspects of social development of Hong Kong under one country two systems has been examined and explored. Data are current and up-to-date to reflect the social mood of Hong Kong people toward one country two systems over the years. Findings The challenges and prospect of one country two systems of Hong Kong over two decades since the change of sovereignty have been identified in this paper. Hong Kong has remained the moist free market and the third financial center in the world. However, the high degree of self-autonomy as stipulated in the Basic Law has been fading way. There is social discontent of Hong Kong people on social and political grounds and there are high sense of mistrust to both Hong Kong SAR (HKSAR) government and the Central government in Beijing. This will provide a guideline to the government for improving the situation. Research limitations/implications The study is based on data obtained from various public opinion conducted by several local university on the development of one country two systems and how Hong Kong people feel about it. The data are current and up-to-date. However, there will be variation of findings as social mood and perception of Hong Kong people toward one country two systems may change due to the changes of social and political events. With these limitations, one needs to be careful while drawing the conclusion. Yet, the over trend of social development of Hong Kong can be seen. Practical implications The study will provide an overall view and assessment of one country two systems of Hong Kong over two decades after the change of sovereignty since July 1, 1997. The findings and discussion of social mobility, quality of life, income disparity, social and political movement and ethnic identity and its changes in recent years of people in Hong Kong are rather revealing. It will provide a reality check and yardstick for people who are concerned about Hong Kong society and its people under China sovereignty. Social implications The study and its findings will provide a useful guideline for people who are concerned about how Hong Kong people live under China sovereignty. Hong Kong to most of Hong Kong people is on longer a borrow place living under the borrowed time. The former British Colonial rule has been replaced by HKSAR government rule under China sovereignty. There is a high degree of mistrust toward both HKSAR government and the Central government in Beijing. People in Hong Kong keep fighting for democracy and high degree of self-autonomy. Hence, Hong Kong is still a free and open society under China sovereignty. Originality/value The paper contributes an original study on the development of one country two systems of Hong Kong under China sovereignty as perceived from the perspective of social development. There are important findings on social mobility, income disparity and issues of ethnic identity of Hong Kong people. The lessons of Hong Kong will provide an interesting case for people who care concerned about how people living in a former British colony has transformed the society into a thriving civil society under China sovereignty.

Wasaṭiyyah and Globalization

2015 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mohammad Hashim Kamali
Keyword(s):  
Human Rights ◽  
Social Mobility ◽  
Foreign Investment ◽  
Consumer Culture ◽  
Effective Means ◽  
The Other ◽  
Muslim World ◽  
Traditional Values ◽  
Advantages And Disadvantages ◽  
Islamic Principle

This chapter advances a perspective on advantages and disadvantages of globalization, as well as how it is perceived by the weaker economies, and the Muslim world generally. On one hand, globalization has the potential to provide for easier communication; a more effective means of addressing matters such as human rights, public accountability, women’s issues, and dealing with corrupt dictators; and an expansion of trade and foreign investment, which, in turn, often accelerates social mobility and strengthens the middle class. On the other hand, globalization tends to bring about greater disparity between the haves and have-nots, as well as popularizing a consumer culture and placing greater emphasis on materialist possessions that erode traditional values. After delving into both sides of this phenomenon, the chapter discusses the view that the Islamic principle of unity (tawhid) has strong pro-globalization characteristics.

scholarly journals Lost Decades: Postindependence Performance in Latin America and Africa

2007 ◽  
Vol 67 (4) ◽  
pp. 917-943 ◽  
Author(s):  
Robert H. Bates ◽  
John H. Coatsworth ◽  
Jeffrey G. Williamson
Keyword(s):  
Economic Growth ◽  
Latin America ◽  
Political Instability ◽  
Political Stability ◽  
Violent Conflict ◽  
Colonial Rule ◽  
Time And Space ◽  
Half Century ◽  
Economic Stagnation

Africa and Latin America secured independence from European colonial rule a century and half apart: most of Latin America by the 1820s and most of Africa by 1960. Despite the distance in time and space, they share important similarities. In each case independence was followed by political instability, violent conflict, and economic stagnation lasting for about a half-century. The parallels suggest that Africa might be exiting from a period of postimperial collapse and entering one of relative political stability and economic growth, as did Latin America almost two centuries ago.

scholarly journals Export-oriented service sector – new vector of economic growth in Ukraine?

2012 ◽  
Vol 2012 (4) ◽  
pp. 141-160 ◽  
Author(s):  
Eduard Afonin ◽  
Svitlana Blagodeteleva-Vovk
Keyword(s):  
Economic Growth ◽  
Social Mobility ◽  
Service Sector ◽  
Economic Reforms ◽  
Information Services ◽  
Key Factors ◽  
Export Sector ◽  
Is Professionals ◽  
The Impact ◽  
Ukrainian Society

Posed the problem of the formation of the export sector of Ukraine intellectual/information services in the context of modernization and restructuring of the national economy and democratization of Ukrainian society. This current number is professionals and availability of infrastructure considered by the authors as a key-factors chovi positive change. This publication is part of the SRW “The impact of economic reforms on the processes of social mobility in modern Ukrainian anyone societies”.

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