scholarly journals Conflicting and Shifting (Self)Perceptions of Bosnian Muslims

2021 ◽  
Vol 6 (4(17)) ◽  
pp. 191-206
Author(s):  
Ahmet Alibašić
Keyword(s):  
The Self ◽  
Muslim Community ◽  
Global Community ◽  
Self Perceptions ◽  
Hearts And Minds ◽  
Selection Of

The article discusses the self-perceptions and outside images of the Bosnian Muslim Community by looking at a selection of recent scholarly works on the topic. The emerging picture is one of conflicting and shifting (self)perceptions. To some, this community is a source of hope and inspiration, and to others, it is a source of concern. In the aftermath of genocide, the community itself is uncertain about its future and its place in the hearts and minds of its neighbors and global community.

The self-schema and addictive behaviors: Studies of alcoholic patients

2001 ◽  
Vol 60 (2) ◽  
pp. 73-81 ◽  
Author(s):  
Cyril Tarquinio ◽  
Gustave Nicolas Fischer ◽  
Aurélie Gauchet ◽  
Jacques Perarnaud
Keyword(s):  
Decision Time ◽  
The Self ◽  
Addictive Behaviors ◽  
Social Judgments ◽  
Self Perceptions ◽  
Control Subjects ◽  
Self Schema ◽  
Description Task ◽  
Positive Traits ◽  
First Interview

This study deals with the sociocognitive organization of the self-schema in alcoholic patients. It was aimed at understanding how the self-schema takes shape within the framework of social judgments known to be determinants of personality. Alcoholic subjects were interviewed twice, once during their first consultation for treatment and then again four months later after completion of treatment. Our approach was derived directly from the methodology used by Markus (1977) and Clemmey & Nicassio (1997) in their studies on the self-schema. The subjects had to perform three tasks that required manipulating personality traits with positive and negative connotations (a self-description task in which decision time was measured, an autobiographical task, and a recall task). The results of the first interview showed that 1. in their self-descriptions, alcoholics took more time than control subjects both to accept positive traits and to reject negative ones; 2. unlike control subjects, alcoholics considered more negative traits to be self-descriptive than positive traits, and 3. unlike controls, alcoholics recalled more negative traits than positive ones. By the second interview, the results for the alcoholic subjects on the autobiographical and recall tasks had changed: 1. they now described themselves more positively and less negatively than on the first meeting; 2. they recalled a marginally greater number of positive traits and a significantly smaller number of negative traits, and 3. the differences between the alcoholics and controls indicated an improvement in the alcoholics' self-perceptions.

Stories and the Self

2020 ◽  
Vol 32 (2) ◽  
pp. 47-58 ◽  
Author(s):  
Stefan Krause ◽  
Markus Appel
Keyword(s):  
Meta Analysis ◽  
The Self ◽  
The Other ◽  
Lower Degree ◽  
Contrast Effects ◽  
Self Perception ◽  
Self Perceptions ◽  
Other Hand ◽  
The One ◽  
Implicit And Explicit

Abstract. Two experiments examined the influence of stories on recipients’ self-perceptions. Extending prior theory and research, our focus was on assimilation effects (i.e., changes in self-perception in line with a protagonist’s traits) as well as on contrast effects (i.e., changes in self-perception in contrast to a protagonist’s traits). In Experiment 1 ( N = 113), implicit and explicit conscientiousness were assessed after participants read a story about either a diligent or a negligent student. Moderation analyses showed that highly transported participants and participants with lower counterarguing scores assimilate the depicted traits of a story protagonist, as indicated by explicit, self-reported conscientiousness ratings. Participants, who were more critical toward a story (i.e., higher counterarguing) and with a lower degree of transportation, showed contrast effects. In Experiment 2 ( N = 103), we manipulated transportation and counterarguing, but we could not identify an effect on participants’ self-ascribed level of conscientiousness. A mini meta-analysis across both experiments revealed significant positive overall associations between transportation and counterarguing on the one hand and story-consistent self-reported conscientiousness on the other hand.

Self–Other Knowledge Asymmetry (SOKA) Model

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Kathryn L. Bollich-Ziegler
Keyword(s):  
Personality Traits ◽  
The Self ◽  
Multiple Perspectives ◽  
Self Perception ◽  
Self And Other ◽  
Self Perceptions ◽  
Self Reports ◽  
Knowledge Asymmetry ◽  
Blind Spots

Despite the strong intuition that people know themselves well, much research in self-perception demonstrates the biases present when evaluating one’s own personality traits. What specifically are these blind spots in self-perceptions? Are self-perceptions always disconnected from reality? And under what circumstances might other people actually be more accurate about the self? The self–other knowledge asymmetry (SOKA) model suggests that because individuals and others differ in their susceptibility to biases or motivations and in the information they have access to, self- and other-knowledge will vary by trait. The present chapter outlines when and why other-perceptions are sometimes more accurate than self-perceptions, as well as when self-reports can be most trusted. Also discussed are next steps in the study of self- and other-knowledge, including practical, methodological, and interdisciplinary considerations and extensions. In sum, this chapter illustrates the importance of taking multiple perspectives in order to accurately understand a person.

scholarly journals The construction of leadership practice: Making sense of leader competencies

Leadership ◽  
2021 ◽  
pp. 174271502199649
Author(s):  
Dag Jansson ◽  
Erik Døving ◽  
Beate Elstad
Keyword(s):  
Professional Practice ◽  
Leadership Competencies ◽  
The Self ◽  
Leadership Practice ◽  
Choral Conductors ◽  
Making Sense ◽  
Sensemaking Process ◽  
The Face ◽  
Depth Interviews ◽  
Selection Of

The notion of leadership competencies is a much-debated issue. In this article, we propose that how the leader makes sense of his or her competencies is key to leadership practice. Specifically, we look at how leaders reconcile discrepancies between the self-perceived proficiency of various competencies and their corresponding importance. Empirically, we study leaders within the music domain – how choral conductors make sense of their competencies in the shaping of their professional practice. We investigated how choral leaders in Scandinavia ( N = 638) made sense of their competencies in the face of demands in their working situations. A mixed methodology was used, comprising a quantitative survey with qualitative comments and in-depth interviews with a selection of the respondents. The results show that when choral leaders shape their practice, they frequently face competency gaps that compel them to act or adjust their identity. The key to this sensemaking process is how they move competency elements they master to the foreground and wanting elements to the background. The concept of ‘sensemaking affordance’ is introduced to account for how various leader competency categories are negotiated to safeguard overall efficacy.

Coping With Criticism and Praise

2015 ◽  
Vol 120 (3) ◽  
pp. 258-268 ◽  
Author(s):  
Lynn Esdale ◽  
Andrew Jahoda ◽  
Carol Pert
Keyword(s):  
Intellectual Disability ◽  
Positive Affect ◽  
Intellectual Disabilities ◽  
The Self ◽  
Self Perceptions ◽  
Stigma And Discrimination ◽  
People With Intellectual Disabilities ◽  
Study Participants

AbstractThrough experiencing stigma and discrimination, people with intellectual disability may become more sensitive to criticism from others and be less likely to believe praise. This study compared how people with and without intellectual disability viewed praise and criticism, using a vignette task developed for the study. Participants were asked to imagine someone saying something praiseworthy or critical and were then asked about their emotions, beliefs, and thoughts. People with intellectual disability were more likely to believe and be distressed by criticism. Contrary to predictions, this group were also more likely to believe praise and experience positive affect. The results suggest that the self-perceptions of people with intellectual disabilities is more dynamic and reliant on the views of others.

Comparison of Self- and Peer-Perceptions of Mentally Retarded Children

1985 ◽  
Vol 60 (3) ◽  
pp. 987-993
Author(s):  
Lynn S. Bliss
Keyword(s):  
Age Differences ◽  
Mentally Retarded ◽  
The Self ◽  
Peer Perceptions ◽  
Self Perceptions ◽  
Mentally Retarded Children

The self- and peer-perceptions of 40 mentally retarded children (mental ages 6 yr. to 12 yr.) were compared. Age differences were not obtained. Affective reports of likes and dislikes predominated the self-perceptions. Situational, external descriptions of behavior characterized the peer perceptions. These qualitative results are similar to the self- and peer-perceptions of nonretarded children.

scholarly journals Self Esteem and General Well Being in Adolescents with Low vs High Emotional Competence

2017 ◽  
Vol 4 (4) ◽  
Author(s):  
Sarvdeep Kohli ◽  
Anjali Malik ◽  
Varsha Rani
Keyword(s):  
Emotional Competence ◽  
Sample Selection ◽  
Well Being ◽  
Self Esteem ◽  
The Self ◽  
Successful Development ◽  
Emotional Evaluation ◽  
Competence Scale ◽  
Age Range ◽  
Selection Of

An essential component of youths’ successful development is learning to appropriately respond to emotions, including the ability to recognize, identify and describe one’s feelings. Emotional competence refers to one’s ability to express or release one’s inner feelings or emotions. Self-esteem reflects a person’s overall subjective emotional evaluation of his or her own worth. It is a judgment of oneself as well as an attitude toward the self. General well being refers to the harmonious functioning of the physical as well as psychological aspects of the personality, giving satisfaction to the self and benefit to the society. The present study focuses on the self esteem and general well being in adolescents with low vs high emotional competence. For this purpose, first of all emotional competence scale was administered on 260 adolescents within the age range of 15-18 years, to identify the low emotionally competent and high emotionally competent adolescents. After the sample selection of 152 subjects (76 low emotionally competent and 76 high emotionally competent) Rosenberg’s Self-esteem scale and General well being scale were administered. Results indicate that high emotionally competent adolescents have high self-esteem and better general well being than low emotionally competent adolescents.

scholarly journals L’imaginaire d’images: une réflexion sur la photographie chez Barthes, Duras et Guibert

Çédille ◽  
2020 ◽  
pp. 565-591
Author(s):  
Antonella Lipscomb
Keyword(s):  
20Th Century ◽  
Marguerite Duras ◽  
Roland Barthes ◽  
The Self ◽  
Visual Images ◽  
Complex Relationship ◽  
Fine Line ◽  
The Relationship ◽  
Selection Of ◽  
Herve Guibert

The aim of this paper is to analyse the relationship between autobiography, pho-tography and autofiction in a selection of 20th century French autobiographies, such as Roland Barthes par Roland Barthes by Roland Barthes, L’Amant by Marguerite Duras, L´Image fantôme by Hervé Guibert. I will examine the complex relationship these auto-biographers maintain with the photographic portraits they choose to integrate or simply allude to in their autobiographies and show how the conflict between textual and visual images of the self reinforce the fine line between autobiography and autofiction.

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