scholarly journals INFLUENCE OF ULTRASOUND ON THERMOCHEMICAL PROCESSING OF FUEL OIL WITH SHALE ADDITIVES AT DIFFERENT PRESSURES

2021 ◽  
Vol 73 (1) ◽  
pp. 119-125
Author(s):  
Zh.K. Kairbekov ◽  
◽  
I.M. Jeldybayeva ◽  
T.Z. Akhmetov ◽  
M.Z. Essenalieva ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Total Yield ◽  
Gasoline Fraction ◽  
Fuel Oil ◽  
Working Pressure ◽  
Process Pressure ◽  
Before And After ◽  
Thermochemical Processing ◽  
Thermochemical Destruction ◽  
Increasing Process ◽  
Diesel Fractions

This article presents the results of the influence of ultrasonic exposure (UE) on the process of thermochemical destruction of fuel oil in the presence of shale of Kenderlyk field at different pressure intervals (3.5-5.5 MPa). A number of experiments were performed before and after ultrasonic exposure to select the working pressure for thermochemical processing of shale and fuel oil. Analysis of the results of pressure influence on the yield of thermochemical processing products shows that with increasing process pressure there is an increase of yield of gas, gasoline fraction (up to 180°C) and diesel fractions (180-360 °C) reaching maximum values in the range of 5.0 MPa. The yield of fractions that boil off at temperatures more than 360 °C are decreased with increasing pressure in the range of 3.5-5.5 MPa, and then begins to grow sharply with increasing pressure. After ultrasonic exposure at a temperature of 80 °C, a frequency of 22 kHz and 25 minutes of soaking the total yield of light distillates increases to 65.0 mass%. This is 10 units higher than without the use of UE.

Evaluation of Ship Performance Using Operation Records

2018 ◽  
Author(s):  
Kenichi Fukuda ◽  
Yoshihisa Okada ◽  
Akinori Okazaki ◽  
Hiroyuki Adachi ◽  
Yuichiro Hisamuara ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Big Data ◽  
Fuel Oil ◽  
Time Dependent ◽  
Oil Consumption ◽  
Sea Trial ◽  
Before And After ◽  
Report Data ◽  
Unique Approach ◽  
Performance Conditions ◽  
Ship Performance

Recently, the big data can be employed as the economical ship operating or evaluation of ship performance conditions. However, such data cannot be easily obtained and analyzed for every ship. In this case, for example, an evaluation of ship performance during operation is usually dependent on ship owner’s experience. The time-dependent ship performance is an essential topic for ship owners because if they realize their current ship performance, they can implement something such as hull or propeller cleaning for their economical operation. This study is focused on the usage of noon report data rather than the big data due to their obtainability. Usually, such data are considered as references because different ship operational condition and environmental condition obscure current ship performance. However, our unique approach, which is used integrally the noon report data such as BHP, propeller revolution and fuel oil consumption, ship sea trial data and propeller performance, can be evaluated ship performance during ship in service. The analyzed output data can be produced as increasing of ship resistance (delta Rw) versus ship performance efficiency, fuel oil consumption (ton per day) or sea margin. Under this output conditions, it can be comparable at same conditions even though the conditions of operations are different. Therefore, this analyzed data has a potential ability to have a look at ship performance conditions during ship in service. The purpose of this paper is to introduce our unique approach using noon data for time-dependent ship performance and then discuss the verification of this approach. As the case study, the noon report data for Japanese domestic bulker was chosen and the ship performance was evaluated in terms of different points of views. It was done comparing the conditions of before and after dry dock to evaluate our approach. In addition, the potential application of this approach will be discussed in this paper.

scholarly journals Revealing the effect of catalyst concentration on the process of fuel oil refining using the technology of aerosol nano catalysis

2021 ◽  
Vol 1 (6 (109)) ◽  
pp. 64-71
Author(s):  
Serhii Leonenko ◽  
Sergey Kudryavtsev ◽  
Irene Glikina ◽  
Vadym Tarasov ◽  
Olena Zolotarova
Keyword(s):  
Zeolite Catalyst ◽  
Petroleum Products ◽  
Fuel Oil ◽  
Oil Refining ◽  
Light Hydrocarbons ◽  
Oil Processing ◽  
Study Results ◽  
Catalytically Active ◽  
Catalytic Processing ◽  
Diesel Fractions

The primary oil processing product is a mixture of different hydrocarbons. One of the hard-to-process petroleum products is fuel oil. This paper considers a method to derive clear (light) fractions of petroleum products by the catalytic processing of fuel oil on a zeolite-containing catalyst at 1 atm under the technological conditions of aerosol nanocatalysis. The prospect of the catalytic processing of a viscous residue ‒ fuel oil ‒ has been analyzed and estimated. The process is carried out by dispersing the catalytically active component in a vibratory-fluidized layer. Chemical transformation occurs during the constant mechanochemical activation of catalyst particles by forming an aerosol cloud in the reactive volume. Natural zeolite catalyst of the type Y was selected for research. Methods for separating the gasoline and diesel fractions of light hydrocarbons and for analyzing the gas phase have been given. The effect of the concentration of zeolite catalyst aerosol on the composition of cracking products (the yield of the gasoline and diesel fractions of light hydrocarbons) has been studied. It is noted that the rate of the course of fuel oil processing in the aerosol of the catalyst is 1.5‒2 times higher than that in thermal processing. It has been found that in fuel oil processing based on the aerosol nanocatalysis technology, the concentration of the catalyst can be controlled to produce the final product. The study results have shown that the optimal conditions for processing fuel oil in the aerosol of the catalyst should be considered 773 K, a frequency of 5 Hz, a pressure of 1 atm. At the same time, a concentration of the catalyst of 1‒5 g/m3 should be considered optimal for the output of a light fraction of hydrocarbons. In this case, the yield is up to 80 % of the fraction in the laboratory. It was found out that during the processing of fuel oil, the concentration of the catalyst makes it possible to optimize the output of light oil products under the technological conditions of aerosol nanocatalysis

scholarly journals The Effect of Carbonates and Silicates on the Cracking of a Mixture of Fuel Oil and Mechanically Activated Oil Shale

2021 ◽  
pp. 234-241
Author(s):  
Marina V. Mozhayskaya ◽  
Galina S. Pevneva ◽  
Vladimir G. Surkov
Keyword(s):  
Oil Shale ◽  
Fractional Composition ◽  
Fuel Oil ◽  
Gaseous Products ◽  
Liquid Products ◽  
Mineral Components ◽  
Diesel Fractions

The study cracking of a mixture of mechanically activated oil shale (MO OSh) and fuel oil, a mixture of demineralized MO GS and fuel oil has been investigated. The data on the composition of liquid products showed that after the removal of mineral components, oil shale is more easily destroyed due to the release of kerogen. It is shown that in the obtained liquid products of the cracking of the mixture of fuel oil – demineralized MO OSh, the proportion of oils increases to 74.6 % wt. In the composition of gaseous products of cracking, the amount of hydrogen, methane and ethane is noticeably reduced. According to the data on the fractional composition of liquid products, it was found that during the cracking of mixtures of fuel oil and MO HS, after the removal of carbonates and silicates, the proportion of gasoline and diesel fractions inc

scholarly journals Initiated Low-Temperature Cracking of Ozonizated Petroleum and Heavy Petroleum Ends

2017 ◽  
Vol 6 (2) ◽  
pp. 99 ◽  
Author(s):  
A.K. Golovko ◽  
V.F. Kamyanov ◽  
I.G. Shabotkin
Keyword(s):  
Total Yield ◽  
Raw Material ◽  
Light Hydrocarbons ◽  
Heavy Petroleum ◽  
Oil Processing ◽  
Motor Fuels ◽  
Petroleum Distillates ◽  
Low Temperature Cracking ◽  
Diesel Fractions ◽  
Rectification Process

New way to produce greater amounts of distillate motor fuels from crude petroleums, petroleum residues and natural bitumens by an ozonization of raw material followed with thermal treatment of the product formed under the conditions similar to ones characteristic of common petroleum atmospheric rectification process is proposed. About half of heavy petroleum components boiling above 350°C can be converted<br />into light hydrocarbons constituting the gasoline and diesel fractions and total yield of the lasts can be accordingly increased by means of described new method of oil processing. Ultimate products contain up<br />to 16 wt.% olefins and lesser amounts of sulfur compounds and have noticeably improved principal operational properties in comparison with analogues straight-run motor petroleum distillates.

scholarly journals Combined synthesis and hydroprocessing on a cobalt catalyst on a cobalt-containing zeolite catalyst

2019 ◽  
Vol 80 (4) ◽  
pp. 304-311
Author(s):  
R. E. Yakovenko ◽  
I. N. Zubkov ◽  
S. V. Nekroenko ◽  
O. P. Papeta
Keyword(s):  
Synthesis Gas ◽  
Gas Flow ◽  
Bifunctional Catalyst ◽  
Gasoline Fraction ◽  
Chain Growth ◽  
Stable Operation ◽  
One Step ◽  
Physicochemical Methods ◽  
Branched Structure ◽  
Diesel Fractions

A composite Co-Al2O3/SiO2/HZSM-5 catalyst has been developed for one-step synthesis of fuel series hydrocarbons from CO and H2. The catalyst was obtained by mixing and forming powders with a Co-Al2O3/SiO2 catalyst, zeolite HZSM-5, and boehmite Al(O)OH?H2O. The physicochemical methods XRD, PEM, BET established the phase composition of the catalyst, the particle size of cobalt (8.2 ± 1 nm), its specific surface area (286 m2/g). Tests were carried out in the synthesis of hydrocarbons from CO and H2 for 60 hours at a temperature of 240 ° C, a pressure of 2.0 MPa, and a gas flow rate of 1000 h-1. It is shown that synthesis gas diluted by 40% with nitrogen can produce liquid C5+ hydrocarbons with a selectivity of 69% and a productivity of 81 kg/(m3?h). The yield of С5+ hydrocarbons was 70 g/m3 of the leaked synthesis gas and 135 g/m3 of the converted synthesis gas. Synthetic oil has a molecular mass distribution close to monomodal (the probability of chain growth is 0.81), 88% consists of gasoline and diesel fractions and 12% of long-chain C19+ hydrocarbons. The ratio of isomeric hydrocarbons to normal hydrocarbons (iso/n) is 1,26, and the ratio of olefinic hydrocarbons to paraffinic hydrocarbons is 0,97. In the gasoline fraction of hydrocarbons (C5-C10), a high content of alkenes of normal and branched structure (76,3%) is noted, the proportion of iso-alkanes and n-alkanes is 10,8 and 12,9%, respectively. The catalyst showed stable operation, the rate of its deactivation is comparable to the rate of deactivation of a commercial bifunctional catalyst.

scholarly journals Pengaruh Pengumuman Perubahan Harga BBM terhadap Abnormal Return dan Trading Volume Activity pada Perusahaan-Peruasahaan yang Tergabung dalam Kelompok LQ 45 Dibursa Efek Indonesia periode 2015-2016

2018 ◽  
Vol 18 (3) ◽  
pp. 659
Author(s):  
Denny Asmas
Keyword(s):  
Abnormal Return ◽  
Trading Volume ◽  
Quantitative Research ◽  
Fuel Oil ◽  
Group Index ◽  
Volume Activity ◽  
Business World ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Before And After ◽  
The Difference

The increase in the price of Fuel (BBM) can zoom in on the burden of the community and the business world. Vice versa, the drop in the price of fuel not only lighten the load of the community but also for the business world. Announcements containing information (information content), expected the market will react at the time the announcement was welcomed by the market. Market reaction is indicated by the existence of changes in prices of the securities in question. This research was conducted to find out whether there are abnormal return there is a difference, the difference in stock trading volume activity, abnormal return of shares and trading volume of activity before and after the events of the increase in the price of fuel oil. This research is quantitative research by doing event study. The population in this research is the stocks category LQ-45 period of March 2015 to April 2016 with a sample of companies that have listed on the Group Index LQ 45 period November 2014 and March 2015 and don't do Corporate Action. The results of hypothesis testing of research it can be concluded that there is a significant difference between the Abnormal Return (AR) and Trading Volume Activity (TVA) and events before and after the events of rising fuel prices, then there is no a significant difference between the Abnormal Return (AR) and between Trading Volume Activity (TVA) and event announcements of events before and after the drop in the price of fuel.

Commercial oil of Gerbi Absheron oil field

2020 ◽  
pp. 55-58
Author(s):  
N.G. Alekperova ◽  
◽  
S.A. Aliyeva ◽  
A.F. Shahverdiyeva ◽  
Yu.A. Abdullayeva ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Chemical Properties ◽  
Oil Field ◽  
Fuel Oil ◽  
Raw Material ◽  
Catalytic Reforming ◽  
Diesel Fuels ◽  
Study Results ◽  
Low Sulfur ◽  
Diesel Fractions ◽  
Commercial Oil

The article presents the study results of commercial oil from Gerbi Absheron oil field. Conducted research shows that this oil is low sulfur, low paraffin, tarry and heavy. The gasoline fractions obtained can be used as a component of motor gasoline, a feedstock for the catalytic reforming process and to obtain various solvents as well. Light kerosene and diesel fractions are a valuable raw material for the production of jet and diesel fuels of various grades. From residues above 500 °C, commercial oil from Gerbi Absheron oil field without any additives can produce road bitumen grade BNB 50/70 and construction bitumen grade BNB 70/30, which meet basic requirements. According to the study results, the joint processing with the fuel-oil scheme of this oil with Absheron Kyupesi, Pirallahy, Darwin Kupesi and others oils similar to it in terms of their physical-chemical properties can be recommended.

scholarly journals Karabük İlindeki Hava Kirliliğinin Doğal Gaz Kullanımı İle Değişimi / The Change of Air Pollution in Karabuk with the Usage of Natural Gas

2013 ◽  
Vol 1 (4) ◽  
pp. 497 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yusuf ÇAY ◽  
Abdulaziz Yıldız ◽  
Firdevs ÖZER
Keyword(s):  
Air Pollution ◽  
Air Quality ◽  
Natural Gas ◽  
Quality Assessment ◽  
Winter Season ◽  
Environmental Problems ◽  
Fuel Oil ◽  
Air Quality Assessment ◽  
Before And After

Fosil kaynaklı yakıtların kullanımı, hava kirliliğine sebebiyet veren en önemli unsurlardan bir tanesidir. Bu yakıtların bilinçsizce kullanılması sonucunda çevre problemlerine özellikle de hava kirliliğine neden olmaktadır. Yapılan bu çalışmada, Karabük ilinin doğalgaz kullanmaya başlamadan önceki ve doğalgaza geçiş ile hava kirlilik parametreleri (SO2 ve PM10) incelenmiştir. Doğal gaz kullanımının hava kalitesine etkisi araştırılmıştır. İlde ısınma ihtiyacını karşılamak için kömür, fuel-oil ve mazot kullanılırken 2010 yılı itibariyle doğal gaza geçilmiştir. Doğal gazın kullanılmaya başlanmasıyla bu yakıtların kullanımı azalmıştır. Çalışmanın sonunda, Hava Kalitesi Değerlendirme ve Yönetimi Yönetmeliğinde (HKDYY) belirtilen, SO2 için 250 μg/m3 değerinin doğal gaz kullanımına geçilmeden önce bazı aylarda üzerinde olduğu görülmüş ve doğal gaz kullanılmaya başlanmasından sonraki dönemlerde ise 250 μg/m3 değerinin aşılmadığı görülmüştür. PM10 için yönetmelikte belirtilen 200 μg/m3 değerinin kış sezonunda aşıldığı tespit edilmiştir. 2010 yılında Doğal gaz kullanımına geçiş ile birlikte bu değerde tekrar bir düşüş gözlenmiştir. Doğal gaz kullanım oranı artıkça havadaki SO2 ve PM10 değerlerinde ciddi düşüşler olduğu gözlenmiştir. The Change of Air Pollution in Karabuk with the Usage of Natural Gas The Usage of fossil origin fuels is one of the most important cause of air pollution. The usage of these fuels unconsciously causes environmental problems especially air pollution. In this study air pollution parameters (SO2 ve PM10) were analyzed before and after the usage of natural gas in Karabuk. The effect of usage natural gas on air quality is researched. In this city before 2010 coal, foul-oil and diesel were used to provide heat demanded then it is started using natural gas by 2010.With starting the usage of natural gas, the usage of these kind of fuels (coal, foul-oil, and diesel) has been decreased. At the end of the study-in the Air Quality Assessment and Management Regulation (AQAMR)- it is concluded that the value of 250 μg/m3 for SO2 is over in some months before using natural gas but it hasn’t exceeded 250 μg/m3 after starting the usage of natural gas. It has been identified that the value of 200 μg/m3 which is specified in regulations for PM10 has been exceeded and reached to 267 μg/m3 in the winter season. It has been observed that with starting the usage of natural gas, this value is again decreased in 2010.It is observed that while the usage of natural gas is getting more and more the value of SO2 ve PM10 are significantly decreased.

Thermochemical Processing of Animal Fat and Meat and Bone Meal to Hydrocarbon Based Fuels

2015 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sabrina Eichenauer ◽  
Bernd Weber ◽  
Ernst A. Stadlbauer
Keyword(s):  
Sodium Carbonate ◽  
Thermal Conversion ◽  
Gasoline Fraction ◽  
Zeolite Catalysts ◽  
Meat And Bone Meal ◽  
Bone Meal ◽  
Nmr Studies ◽  
Animal Fat ◽  
Thermochemical Processing ◽  
Alkyl Benzenes

The results of the study at hand may have implications for treatment of grease, lipid fractions, free fatty acids (FFA) and salts of FFA extracted from wastes of food industry, bio-refineries or sewage sludge as well as contaminated lipid containing forage. The goal of the study is, to prevent such contaminated wastes from entering the food chain. The following ways of treatment are proposed. Thermal conversion of waste fats from rendering plants or lipids in the presence of aluminosilicates of the zeolite family produce hydrocarbons with net calorific values in the range of 40–42 MJ/kg. NMR studies show aliphatic hydrocarbons as main product at T = 400°C. The spectrum of products is shifted to alkyl benzenes at T = 550°C. In case of sodium carbonate conversion is achieved in the presence of 5% water at T = 430 ± 20°C yielding mainly a liquid bio-crude with a low acid index, a mixture of non-condensable gases and minor amounts of coke. Rectification of bio-crude from animal fat produces 65.8% of hydrocarbon based bio-diesel and 13.3% of gasoline type hydrocarbons. Distillation curve for bio-diesel is in accordance with DIN EN 490. However, the gasoline fraction lacks low boiling hydrocarbons indicating the necessity for technical improvements of condensers. Sodium carbonate is found to be effective as well as being relatively inexpensive compared to zeolite catalysts. Finally, successful conversion of meat and bone meal to biochar is proved by solid-state 13C-NMR.

scholarly journals Karakterisasi Asap Cair Hasil Pirolisis Sampah Kantong Plastik sebagai Bahan Bakar Bensin

2020 ◽  
Vol 5 (2) ◽  
pp. 96
Author(s):  
I Dewe Ketut Anom ◽  
John Z Lombok
Keyword(s):  
Negative Impact ◽  
Chemical Properties ◽  
Calorific Value ◽  
Gasoline Fraction ◽  
Fuel Oil ◽  
Fraction Liquid ◽  
Liquid Smoke ◽  
Plastic Bag ◽  
Physical And Chemical

Plastic bag waste is garbage that is difficult to degrade in nature. Hoarding plastic bag waste can reduce soil fertility because it cannot be broken down by microorganisms quickly. Burning plastic bag waste can produce toxic gases and have a negative impact on human health and the environment. To solve the problem, the plastic bag waste is converted into liquid smoke as fuel oil. The method used to convert the plastic bag waste into liquid smoke is pyrolysis. The fractionation of liquid smoke at temperatures below 200oC produces 36.20% clear liquid which has similar properties to gasoline fuel. Characterization of the physical and chemical properties of the gasoline fraction liquid smoke has a density of 0.76 g/mL; a viscosity of 0.80 cP; boiling point at 146.9oC; flash point at 30.60oC; a calorific value of 10,520 cal/g; with the octane number of 98 RON. GC-MS analysis shows that the gasoline fraction liquid smoke consists of 45 chemical compounds which can be classified into alkanes, alkenes, cycloalkanes and alcohols.  

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