scholarly journals FEATURES OF SORPTION OF URANYL IONS BY POLYMETHACRYLIC ACID-POLY-4-VINYLPYRIDINE INTERPOLYMER SYSTEM

2021 ◽  
Vol 73 (1) ◽  
pp. 176-184
Author(s):  
T.K. Jumadilov ◽  
◽  
A.A. Utesheva ◽  
R.G. Kondaurov ◽  
J.V. Gražulevicius ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Exchange Capacity ◽  
Polymeric Chain ◽  
Uranyl Ions ◽  
Kinetic Characteristics ◽  
Polymethacrylic Acid ◽  
Binding Rate ◽  
Effective Dynamic ◽  
Polymeric Hydrogels ◽  
Dynamic Exchange ◽  
Further Development

The sorption extraction of uranyl ions by interpolymer system consisting of polymethacrylic acid hydrogel (hPMAA) and poly-4-vinylpyridine hydrogel (hP4VP) was studied. Sorption and kinetic characteristics of initial polymers and hPMAA-hP4VP intergel system were determined. Maximum uranyl ions extraction rate - 82,8% - is observed in interpolymer system within the ratios of 100% hPMAA and 67% hPMAA:33%hP4VP 56 hours later,when polymeric chain binding rate was 9,97% and effective dynamic exchange capacity was 1,15mmol/g. Obtained outcomes show changes of initial polymeric hydrogels sorption properties ininterpolymer system, which makes it possible to use them for further development of highly efficient uranyl ions extraction sorption technology.

scholarly journals Abnormal activity of functional groups during uranyl ions sorption by polymethacrylic acid-poly-4-vinylpyridine intergel system

2021 ◽  
Vol 104 (4) ◽  
pp. 47-56
Author(s):  
T.K. Jumadilov ◽  
◽  
A.A. Utesheva ◽  
Kh. Khimersen ◽  
R.G. Kondaurov ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Functional Groups ◽  
Water Environment ◽  
Exchange Capacity ◽  
Polymeric Chain ◽  
Uranyl Ions ◽  
Sorption Activity ◽  
Polymethacrylic Acid ◽  
Effective Dynamic ◽  
Polymeric Hydrogels ◽  
Dynamic Exchange

Uranyl ions sorption by intergel system consisting of polymethacrylic acid hydrogel (hPMAA) and poly-4-vinylpyridine hydrogel (hP4VP) has been studied. First, reciprocal activation of PMAA and P4VP polymeric hydrogels in water environment was examined in order to predict intergel system sorption activity. Based on the obtained results, it was found that area of maximum hydrogel activation was within the ratios of 100 % hPMAA and 67 % hPMAA:33 % hP4VP. The maximum rate of uranyl ions extraction was also observed within these ratios. The highest uranyl ions sorption by intergel system occurred at 83 %hPMAA:17 % hP4VP ratio. Maximum uranyl ions extraction rate after 56 hours of hydrogels remote interaction was 82.5 %, when polymeric chain binding rate was 9.94 % and effective dynamic exchange capacity was 1.12 mmol/g. Significant increase of intergel system sorption activity within the ratios of 100 % hPMAA and 67 % hPMAA:33 % hP4VP in comparison with initial inactivated hydrogels 100 % hPMAA and 100 % hP4VP was confirmed by combined calculation data of extraction rates of inactivated PMAA and P4VP polymeric hydrogels. The obtained results illustrated changes of initial polymeric hydrogels’ electrochemical sorption properties in intergel system leading to functional groups obtaining higher reactive ability, which made it possible to use them for further development of highly efficient uranyl ions extraction sorption technology

scholarly journals Specific features of uranyl ions extraction by interpolymer system based on polyacrylic acid and polyethyleneimine hydrogels

2021 ◽  
Vol 4 (319) ◽  
pp. 65-71
Author(s):  
A.A. Utesheva ◽  
◽  
J.V. Grazulevicius ◽  
◽  
Keyword(s):  
Polyacrylic Acid ◽  
Exchange Capacity ◽  
Polymeric Chain ◽  
Uranyl Ions ◽  
Polymer Hydrogels ◽  
Binding Rate ◽  
Initial Polymer ◽  
Remote Interaction ◽  
Dynamic Exchange ◽  
Further Development

Uranyl ions sorption of by interpolymer system consisting of polyacrylic acid hydrogel (hPAA) and polyethyleneimine hydrogel (hPEI) has been studied. Rate of uranyl ions extraction by the initial polymers and interpolymer system hPAA-hPEI, polymeric chain binding rate and dynamic exchange capacity of initial polymers and interpolymer system hPAA-hPEI were calculated. Based on obtained outcomes it was found that area of maximum rate of uranyl ions extraction is within the ratios of 67%hPAA:33%hPEI and 33%hPAA:67%hPEI. Maximum uranyl ions extraction rate after 48 hours of hydrogels remote interaction was 90.0 %, when polymeric chain binding rate was 9.1 % and dynamic exchange capacity was 1.14 mmol/g. Rate of uranyl ions extraction by the initial polymer hydrogels 100 % hPAA and 100 % hPEI was 68.0 % and 52.0%. Obtained outcomes showed changes of initial polymeric hydrogels sorption properties in intergel system leading to functional groups obtaining higher reactive ability, which makes it possible to use them for further development of highly efficient uranyl ions extraction sorption technology.

Sorbent based on modified hydrolysis lignin for the purification of wastewater from oil refineries

2021 ◽  
pp. 40-44
Author(s):  
Р.Р. Гималетдинов ◽  
М.Р. Усманов ◽  
С.Ф. Валеев ◽  
В.В. Бодров ◽  
К.Г. Паскару ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Total Content ◽  
Exchange Capacity ◽  
Oil Products ◽  
Hydrolysis Lignin ◽  
Treatment Efficiency ◽  
Hazard Class ◽  
Oil Refineries ◽  
Open Treatment ◽  
Treatment Facilities ◽  
Dynamic Exchange

Представлены результаты исследований применения сорбента «SynergySorb® ПС-1000» на основе модифицированного гидролизного лигнина для очистки сточных вод крупных нефтеперерабатывающих предприятий. За счет развитой системы микро- и мезопор сорбент эффективно поглощает легкие фракции углеводородов, снижая общее содержание нефтепродуктов в сточной воде и интенсивность запаха вблизи открытых очистных сооружений. Полная динамическая обменная емкость сорбента по нефтепродуктам составила 0,605 г/г при фильтрации сточных вод одного из крупных российских нефтеперерабатывающих заводов. Средняя эффективность очистки до проскока нефтепродуктов составила 94%, интенсивность запаха воды в результате испытаний снижена с 5 до 2 баллов. Отработанный сорбент «SynergySorb® ПС-1000» относится к 4 классу опасности (малоопасный) по показателям токсичности и экотоксичности The results of studies of using SynergySorb® PS-1000 sorbent based on modified hydrolysis lignin for the purification of wastewater from large oil refineries are presented. Owing to the developed system of micro- and mesopores, the sorbent effectively absorbs light fractions of hydrocarbons, thus reducing the total content of oil products in wastewater and the intensity of odor near open treatment facilities. The total dynamic exchange capacity of the sorbent for oil products was 0.605 g/g while filtering wastewater from one of the largest Russian oil refineries. The average treatment efficiency before the breakthrough of oil products was 94%, the intensity of effluent odor as a result of tests was reduced from 5 to 2 points. Spent SynergySorb® PS-1000 sorbent belongs to the 4th hazard class (low hazard) in terms of toxicity and ecotoxicity.

The Use of Aluminosilicate Sorbent for the Purification of Natural Waters from Heavy Metals

2020 ◽  
Vol 24 (3) ◽  
pp. 19-23 ◽  
Author(s):  
A.S. Kutergin ◽  
T.A. Nedobukh
Keyword(s):  
Heavy Metals ◽  
Drinking Water ◽  
Water Treatment ◽  
Mechanical Strength ◽  
Natural Waters ◽  
Drinking Water Treatment ◽  
Exchange Capacity ◽  
Filtration Process ◽  
Treated Water ◽  
Dynamic Exchange

The possibilities of using natural granular glauconite in standard water treatment schemes have been investigated. Resource tests of the studied material were carried out in dynamics, simulating possible conditions of use. As a result of the experiments, it was established: during the filtration process, alkalization of water occurs, but the result does not exceed pH = 6÷9, which are the norm for drinking water; the use of a sorbent based on natural glauconite does not impair the hardness indicator of the treated water. The dynamic exchange capacity was: for iron – 3.09 mg/g of absorbent, copper – 19.15 mg/g of absorbent, zinc – 4.82 mg/g of absorbent. The resource of the filter was determined with the loading of granulate with a volume of 1 dm3: for iron – 2918 dm3, for copper – 5425 dm3, for zinc – 273 dm3. The mechanical strength acquired by the sorbent as a result of granulation made it possible to wash the load by the countercurrent method, freeing intergranular pores from the sediment accumulated in them. The revealed capabilities of granular glauconite will allow its use in drinking water treatment schemes for purifying natural waters from heavy metals: iron, zinc, copper.

scholarly journals Electoplating plants’ wastewater treatment from copper ions with a modified carbonaceous slurry

2019 ◽  
Author(s):  
Keyword(s):  
Copper Ions ◽  
Exchange Capacity ◽  
Dynamic Conditions ◽  
Sorption Material ◽  
Secondary Pollution ◽  
Isotherm Of Adsorption ◽  
Dynamic Exchange ◽  
Chemical Water ◽  
Water Passage ◽  
Material Extract

The article presents a technique of the granulated sorption material production based on the chemical water treatment slurry. The sorption has been studied in statical and dynamic conditions. The sorption effectiveness by copper ions was 90.5 %. The isotherm of adsorption and a curve of adsorption in dynamic conditions of cations of copper has been plotted by the granulated material. During the experiment the dynamic exchange capacity, full exchange capacity of the granulated material has been determined. The filtrate quality indicators in water passage through sorption material loads in accordance with MPC of domestic drinking and recreational purposes water bodies. The granulated sorption material extract was tested for acute lethal toxicity for Poecilia Reticulate Peters fish and Daphnia Magna Crustacea. The obtained results affirmed that the granulated sorption material was not practically hazardous and did not bring secondary pollution to wastewaters. The authors have presented a technological scheme of electroplating wastewaters ion-exchange treatment.

scholarly journals Coke-Based Carbon Sorbent: Results of Gold Extraction in Laboratory and Pilot Tests

Minerals ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 10 (6) ◽  
pp. 508 ◽  
Author(s):  
Svetlana Yefremova ◽  
Alma Terlikbayeva ◽  
Abdurassul Zharmenov ◽  
Askhat Kablanbekov ◽  
Lara Bunchuk ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Adsorption Capacity ◽  
Noble Metals ◽  
Total Pore Volume ◽  
Freundlich Isotherm ◽  
Exchange Capacity ◽  
Carbon Sorbent ◽  
Isotherm Models ◽  
Maximum Adsorption Capacity ◽  
Gold Extraction ◽  
Dynamic Exchange

Coke-based carbon sorbent (CBCS) was produced using special coke fines with the following characteristics: ash, 4.5%; iodine adsorption capacity, 52%; specific surface area, 600 m2 g−1; and total pore volume, 0.4 cm3 g−1. Gold adsorption from real production cyanide solutions in batch and column laboratory experiments was studied. The optimum adsorbent/solution ratio was 0.2 g/20 cm3. Sorption equilibrium occurred after 60 min of phase-time contact. The CBCS maximum adsorption capacity for gold was found to be 1.2 mg g−1. Both the Langmiur and Freundlich isotherm models confirmed that gold adsorption by CBCS proceeds favorably, but the Freundlich isotherm best describes the adsorption equilibrium. The CBCS dynamic exchange capacity (100 g t−1) and full dynamic exchange capacity (4600 g t−1) for gold were determined in column tests. It was revealed using SEM that adsorbate was retained in sorbent pores. The possibility of completely eluting gold from CBCS was demonstrated. A CBCS pilot test to recover gold from 200 dm3 of the cyanide solution containing (mg dm−3) 2.6 Au, 0.42 Ag, and 490 Cu was carried out. The total amount of noble metals (Au + Ag) adsorbed was 99.99% and gold ions was 94%. The CBCS maximum adsorption capacity for gold reached 2900 g t−1.

scholarly journals The study of the Kinetic Characteristics of Sorption of Scandium of Ion Exchanger Purolite MTS9580 from Return Circulating Solutions of Underground Leaching of Uranium Ores

2020 ◽  
Vol 22 (2) ◽  
pp. 135
Author(s):  
U. Yessimkanova ◽  
M. Mataev ◽  
M. Alekhina ◽  
M. Kopbaeva ◽  
A. Berezovskiy ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Mother Liquor ◽  
Functional Group ◽  
Structural Characteristics ◽  
Nitrogen Adsorption ◽  
Exchange Capacity ◽  
Dynamic Mode ◽  
Ion Exchangers ◽  
Static Mode ◽  
Phosphorus Containing ◽  
Dynamic Exchange

This paper presents the results of a study of experiments on the sorption characteristics of phosphorus-containing ion exchangers Purolite MTS9580 (functional group ‒ derivatives of phosphonic acid) and Lewatit TP260 (functional group ‒ aminomethylphosphonic acid) on scandium. Using the method of low-temperature nitrogen adsorption, structural characteristics of selected ion exchangers Purolite MTS9580 and Lewatit TP260 respectively were measured. The specific surface of Purolite MTS9580 and Lewatit TP260 ion exchangers was measured as 5.1 and 4.5 m2/g, respectively. The obtained values indicate the presence of a macroporous structure in the ion exchangers. Experiments were carried out on the sorption of scandium and critical impurities in a static mode and dynamic mode while varying the acidity of the initial mother liquor of the sorption of uranium. Comparison of scandium sorption from pre-acidified uranium sorption mother liquor with Lewatit TP260 and Purolite MTS9580 ion exchangers showed an advantage for MTS9580 resin. The MTS9580 resin had an exchange capacity of 200 mg Sc/dm3 versus 59.7 mg Sc/dm3 for TP260. The dynamic exchange capacity of Purolite MTS9580 is much lower in relation to harmful impurities as Al, Fe, Ca, etc.

Copper Recovery from Rinse Waters after Ammoniac Etching of Printed Circuit Boards

2020 ◽  
Vol 299 ◽  
pp. 998-1004
Author(s):  
O.Yu. Makovskaya ◽  
A.P. Shevchuk ◽  
S.P. Sorokin
Keyword(s):  
Printed Circuit Boards ◽  
Copper Ions ◽  
Exchange Capacity ◽  
Ion Exchanger ◽  
Copper Recovery ◽  
Circuit Boards ◽  
Printed Circuit ◽  
Electrochemical Technology ◽  
Dynamic Exchange ◽  
Electrochemical Cleaning

The process of sorption-electrochemical cleaning of rinse waters, obtained after ammonia etching of printed circuit boards from copper ions, is proposed. Cation exchanger KU-2×8 and ampholyte Lewatit MonoPlus TP 207 for the extraction of copper were tested. Capacity up to breakthrough of Lewatit MonoPlus TP 207 is 0.11 g/g and a full dynamic exchange capacity for copper of 0.15 g/g. Various options of a pregnant ion exchanger desorption are considered. The best stripping ability has a 20% solution of sulfuric acid. The possibility of desorption by a partially de-coppered eluate was studied. This scheme allows the use of acid formed in the process of copper electro-winning. The effect of concentrations of NH4Cl and NH4OH on the sorption of copper was studied. It was shown that, with an increase in the concentration of NH4Cl to 100 g/dm3, the capacity of the ion exchanger decreases by 10.42%. Thus, the ion exchanger Lewatit MonoPlus TP 207 effectively absorbs copper even at high salt background. A combined sorption-electrochemical technology has been proposed for treatment of rinse waters. The proposed technology will reduce consumption of fresh water and ammonia for printed circuit boards washing and extract copper in the form of elemental metal.

Application of TEM to Deformation, Wear, and Fracture of Ceramics

1974 ◽  
Vol 32 ◽  
pp. 472-473
Author(s):  
B. J. Hockey
Keyword(s):  
Wear Resistance ◽  
High Temperature ◽  
Mechanical Behavior ◽  
Brittle Materials ◽  
High Temperature Strength ◽  
Wide Range ◽  
Corrosive Environments ◽  
Further Development

Ceramics, such as Al2O3 and SiC have numerous current and potential uses in applications where high temperature strength, hardness, and wear resistance are required often in corrosive environments. These materials are, however, highly anisotropic and brittle, so that their mechanical behavior is often unpredictable. The further development of these materials will require a better understanding of the basic mechanisms controlling deformation, wear, and fracture.The purpose of this talk is to describe applications of TEM to the study of the deformation, wear, and fracture of Al2O3. Similar studies are currently being conducted on SiC and the techniques involved should be applicable to a wide range of hard, brittle materials.

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