ARX, ARMAX, Box-Jenkins, Output-Error, and Hammerstein Models for Modeling Intelligent Pneumatic Actuator (IPA) System

A pneumatic actuator is highly nonlinear, which makes the precise position control of this actuator difficult to achieve. In order to achieve precise control, selecting a suitable model structure is a prerequisite before control estimation. This selection of the model structure is based upon an understanding of the physical systems. In this paper, the black-box model is chosen as a system identification model for modeling position control of an Intelligent Pneumatic Actuator (IPA) system and a variety of parametric model structures. The parametric model structure, such as ARX, ARMAX, Box-Jenkins, output-error structures, and Hammerstein available in the black-box model, is used to assist in modeling the IPA system. The results indicate that Hammerstein had the best performance for modeling position control of the IPA system with the best fit 94.95. Also, the results show that ARX, ARMAX, Box-Jenkins, and output-error structures had best fit more than 90%.

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Modelling Dynamic Behaviour of Photosynthesis Using a Simple Black Box Model Structure

IFAC Proceedings Volumes ◽

10.1016/s1474-6670(17)40898-6 ◽

2000 ◽

Vol 33 (19) ◽

pp. 113-118

Author(s):

C. Boonen ◽

O. Joniaux ◽

K. Janssens ◽

D. Berckmans ◽

R. Lemeur ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Dynamic Behaviour ◽

Black Box ◽

Box Model ◽

Model Structure

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Adaptive Pneumatic Force Actuation and Position Control

Journal of Dynamic Systems Measurement and Control ◽

10.1115/1.2896374 ◽

1991 ◽

Vol 113 (2) ◽

pp. 267-272 ◽

Cited By ~ 49

Author(s):

J. E. Bobrow ◽

F. Jabbari

Keyword(s):

Position Control ◽

Low Cost ◽

Equations Of Motion ◽

Pneumatic Actuator ◽

Unit Weight ◽

Force Output ◽

Nonlinear Characteristics ◽

Pneumatic Actuators ◽

Highly Nonlinear ◽

High Bandwidth

In this paper an implementation of an adaptive control law for a pneumatic actuator is presented. Pneumatic actuators are of particular interest for robotic applications because of their large force output per unit weight, and their low cost. Stabilization of a pneumatic actuator is difficult if a high bandwidth closed-loop system is desired. This is because of the compressibility of air, and of the nonlinear characteristics of air flowing through a variable area orifice. Further complications arise from the geometry of the mechanism because the equations of motion are highly nonlinear. The order of the dominant dynamics is shown to vary with the position of the mechanicsm.

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Simulation Model of the Dynamic Behavior of a Tire Running Over an Obstacle

Tire Science and Technology ◽

10.2346/1.2148799 ◽

1988 ◽

Vol 16 (2) ◽

pp. 62-77 ◽

Cited By ~ 20

Author(s):

P. Bandel ◽

C. Monguzzi

Keyword(s):

Simulation Model ◽

Dynamic Behavior ◽

Black Box ◽

Box Model ◽

Vehicle Suspension ◽

Empirical Relationships ◽

Static Tests ◽

High Speeds ◽

Dynamic Forces ◽

Vehicle Suspension System

Abstract A “black box” model is described for simulating the dynamic forces transmitted to the vehicle hub by a tire running over an obstacle at high speeds. The tire is reduced to a damped one-degree-of-freedom oscillating system. The five parameters required can be obtained from a test at a given speed. The model input is composed of a series of empirical relationships between the obstacle dimensions and the displacement of the oscillating system. These relationships can be derived from a small number of static tests or by means of static models of the tire itself. The model can constitute the first part of a broader model for description of the tire and vehicle suspension system, as well as indicating the influence of tire parameters on dynamic behavior at low and medium frequencies (0–150 Hz).

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Analysis and design of suitable model structures for activated sludge tanks with circulating flow

Water Science & Technology ◽

10.2166/wst.1999.0189 ◽

1999 ◽

Vol 39 (4) ◽

pp. 55-60 ◽

Cited By ~ 4

Author(s):

J. Alex ◽

R. Tschepetzki ◽

U. Jumar ◽

F. Obenaus ◽

K.-H. Rosenwinkel

Keyword(s):

Activated Sludge ◽

Large Scale ◽

Wastewater Treatment Plants ◽

Treatment Plant ◽

High Sensitivity ◽

Suitable Model ◽

Model Structure ◽

Analysis And Design ◽

Hydraulic Behaviour ◽

Model Structures

Activated sludge models are widely used for planning and optimisation of wastewater treatment plants and on line applications are under development to support the operation of complex treatment plants. A proper model is crucial for all of these applications. The task of parameter calibration is focused in several papers and applications. An essential precondition for this task is an appropriately defined model structure, which is often given much less attention. Different model structures for a large scale treatment plant with circulation flow are discussed in this paper. A more systematic method to derive a suitable model structure is applied to this case. Results of a numerical hydraulic model are used for this purpose. The importance of these efforts are proven by a high sensitivity of the simulation results with respect to the selection of the model structure and the hydraulic conditions. Finally it is shown, that model calibration was possible only by adjusting to the hydraulic behaviour and without any changes of biological parameters.

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MFPP: Morphological Fragmental Perturbation Pyramid for Black-Box Model Explanations

2020 25th International Conference on Pattern Recognition (ICPR) ◽

10.1109/icpr48806.2021.9413046 ◽

2021 ◽

Author(s):

Qing Yang ◽

Xia Zhu ◽

Jong-Kae Fwu ◽

Yun Ye ◽

Ganmei You ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Black Box ◽

Box Model

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Synchronous Machine Winding Modeling Method Based on Broadband Characteristics

Applied Sciences ◽

10.3390/app11104631 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 11 (10) ◽

pp. 4631

Author(s):

Yu Chen ◽

Xiaoqing Ji ◽

Zhongyong Zhao

Keyword(s):

Equivalent Circuit ◽

High Frequency ◽

Equivalent Circuit Model ◽

Black Box ◽

Synchronous Machine ◽

Circuit Model ◽

Modeling Method ◽

Experimental Results ◽

Box Model ◽

Impedance Curve

The accurate establishment of the equivalent circuit model of the synchronous machine windings’ broadband characteristics is the basis for the study of high-frequency machine problems, such as winding fault diagnosis and electromagnetic interference prediction. Therefore, this paper proposes a modeling method for synchronous machine winding based on broadband characteristics. Firstly, the single-phase high-frequency lumped parameter circuit model of synchronous machine winding is introduced, then the broadband characteristics of the port are analyzed by using the state space model, and then the equivalent circuit parameters are identified by using an optimization algorithm combined with the measured broadband impedance characteristics of port. Finally, experimental verification and comparison experiments are carried out on a 5-kW synchronous machine. The experimental results show that the proposed modeling method identifies the impedance curve of the circuit parameters with a high degree of agreement with the measured impedance curve, which indicates that the modeling method is feasible. In addition, the comparative experimental results show that, compared with the engineering exploratory calculation method, the proposed parameter identification method has stronger adaptability to the measured data and a certain robustness. Compared with the black box model, the parameters of the proposed model have a certain physical meaning, and the agreement with the actual impedance characteristic curve is higher than that of the black box model.

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Shape and Temperature Expansion of Free Volume Holes in Some Cured Polybutadiene-Polyisoprene Rubber Blends

International Journal of Molecular Sciences ◽

10.3390/ijms22031436 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 22 (3) ◽

pp. 1436

Author(s):

Giovanni Consolati ◽

Eros Mossini ◽

Dario Nichetti ◽

Fiorenza Quasso ◽

Giuseppe Maria Viola ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Free Volume ◽

Radial Direction ◽

Volume Fraction ◽

Spherical Shape ◽

Suitable Model ◽

Positron Annihilation Lifetime ◽

Rubber Blends ◽

Free Volume Fraction ◽

Hole Model ◽

Best Fit

The free volume fraction of a macromolecular structure can be assessed theoretically by using a suitable model; however, it can also be evaluated from experimental data obtained from dilatometry and positron annihilation lifetime spectra. In this second case, a regular geometry of the sub-nanometric cavities forming the free volume has to be assumed, although in fact they are irregularly shaped. The most popular approach is to guess spherical holes, which implies an isotropic growth of these last with temperature. In this work, we compared the free volume fraction, as obtained from experiments in a set of polybutadiene and polyisoprene cured rubbers and their blends, with the analogous quantity expected by using the lattice-hole model. The results allowed us to obtain insights on the approximate shape of the holes. Indeed, a cylindrical flattened geometry of the cavities produced a better agreement with the theory than the spherical shape. Furthermore, the best fit was obtained for holes that expanded preferentially in the radial direction, with a consequent decrease of the aspect ratio with temperature.

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Accurate position control of a pneumatic actuator using on/off solenoid valves

IEEE/ASME Transactions on Mechatronics ◽

10.1109/3516.622972 ◽

1997 ◽

Vol 2 (3) ◽

pp. 195-204 ◽

Cited By ~ 175

Author(s):

R.B. van Varseveld ◽

G.M. Bone

Keyword(s):

Position Control ◽

Pneumatic Actuator ◽

Accurate Position

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CYBERNETIC MODEL IN PLANNING AND FORECASTING

STATE AND DEVELOPMENT PROSPECTS OF AGRIBUSINESS. In the frame of the XXIII Agribusiness Forum of the South of Russia and the Exhibition «Interagromash» Volume 2 ◽

10.23947/interagro.2020.2.128-130 ◽

2020 ◽

Author(s):

D.S. Serebryanaya ◽

Keyword(s):

Higher Education ◽

Building Materials ◽

Black Box ◽

Box Model ◽

Sociological Research ◽

Mathematical Approach ◽

Cybernetic Model ◽

Corrective Measures

This article analyzes the mathematical approach to the study of the motives of students to study in higher education. The possibility of using the “black box” model used in the production of building materials for sociological research is considered. This approach allows you to see the most significant causes of discrepancies and develop corrective measures for them.

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