scholarly journals Effects of graded levels of iron-fortified locally produced natural vitamin premix on the performance and carcass characteristics of broilers

2021 ◽  
Vol 30 (2) ◽  
pp. 192-196
Author(s):  
S. A. Bolu ◽  
O. O. Balogun
Keyword(s):  
Weight Gain ◽  
Feed Intake ◽  
Carcass Characteristics ◽  
Feed Utilization ◽  
Utilization Efficiency ◽  
Feeding Trial ◽  
Natural Vitamin ◽  
Dressing Percentage ◽  
Dietary Treatments ◽  
Feed Utilization Efficiency

A feeding trial was conducted using broilers to determine the optimum inclusion levels of locally produced natural vitamin premix (LPNVP) and compare the performance to a commercial vitamin mineral premix(CVMP) commonly sold within Nigeria. Feed intake, weight gain and feed utilization efficiency varied (P<0.05) among the various dietary treatments considered. Feed utilization efficiency and weight gain were inversely related to feed intake for birds fed LPNVP-based diets and these measurements were lower (P<0.05) than values observed for birds fed CVMP based diets. Nutrient retentions were also not influenced (P>0.05) by the various inclusion levels of LPNVP studied, although these criteria were also significantly lower for birds fed LPNVP-based diets compared with birds fed CWMP-based diets. Although, dressing percentage was not affected (P>0.05) by the dietary levels, relative fresh organs and primal cut weights were different (P<0.05) for birds fed the various levels of LPNVP and the control birds fed CVMP-based diets. It was however cheaper (P<0.05) to use LPNVP than CVMP as a source of vitamin for broilers.

Growth performance, nutrient digestibility, carcass and economic characteristics of turkey poults fed millet-based diets as a replacement for maize

2021 ◽  
Vol 41 (1) ◽  
pp. 91-99
Author(s):  
A. A. Malik ◽  
M. J. Ibrahim ◽  
Y. S. Kudu ◽  
O. P. Jibogun ◽  
Y. J. Adeniyi ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Weight Gain ◽  
Growth Performance ◽  
Lower Cost ◽  
Body Weight Gain ◽  
Carcass Characteristics ◽  
Live Weight ◽  
Nutrient Digestibility ◽  
Feeding Trial ◽  
Turkey Poults ◽  
Dietary Treatments

A nine (9) weeks feeding trial was conducted on seventy two (72) day-old Indigenous turkey poults raised on deep litter to determine their growth performance, carcass and economic characteristics when fed three dietary treatments (T1, T2, and T3, containing 0%, 25% and 50% replacement of maize with millet respectively. The birds were divided into three replicates of 8 birds per replicate; making a total of 24 birds per treatment. At the end of the & week, 4 birds per replicate were transferred to specially-designed metabolism cages for a digestibility study involving the collection of faecal droppings; while at the end of the week of the experiments, two birds per replicate were randomly selected and slaughtered to determine their carcass characteristics. Turkey poults fed millet at 25 %replacement showed significantly (p<0.05) higher body weight gain, lower cost of feed per kg live weight gain and higher revenue generated per bird; but there were no significant (p>0.05) differences in the performance of birds on 0% and 50 % replacements for those parameters. Also, there were no significant (p>0.05) differences in feed intake and mortality across the treatments. Similarly, there were no significant (p>0.05) differences in nutrient digestibilities and carcass characteristics of the birds among the various dietary treatments. Therefore, it can be concluded hat millet cam be used to replace maize up to S0 % in the diets of turkey poults at the starter phase with no detrimental effects on their performance

Performance of broiler chickens fed graded dietary inclusion levels of moringa (Moringa oleifera) seed cake

2020 ◽  
Vol 47 (2) ◽  
pp. 107-114
Author(s):  
M. Afolayan ◽  
M. M. Iliya ◽  
G. S. Bawa ◽  
L. Alayande
Keyword(s):  
Weight Gain ◽  
Feed Intake ◽  
Broiler Chickens ◽  
Moringa Oleifera ◽  
Carcass Characteristics ◽  
Daily Weight Gain ◽  
Poultry Feed ◽  
Seed Cake ◽  
Final Weight ◽  
Dietary Treatments

The progressive increase in the cost and scarcity of conventional feedstuffs, especially energy and protein sources has resulted into a continuous effort in researching into the possible utilization of the under - exploited wild legumes in poultry feed formulation. Several Researchers had reported on the utilization of Moringa oleifera leaf meal in poultry diets whereas; few reports exist on the utilization of Moringa seed. Therefore, this study wasconducted to evaluate the effect of graded dietary levels of moringa seed cake (MSC) on the performance of broiler chickens. A total of 195, one day old Arbor Acre broiler chicks were randomly assigned into five dietary treatments of moringa seed cake, each treatment having three replicates in a completely randomized design. MSC was included at levels of 0, 5,10, 15 and 20% respectively. Feed and water were given ad- libitum. Proximate composition ofMSC showed that it is high in energy, crude protein and ether extract with3304. 39 ME kcals/ kg, 32.49 % and 17.70%, respectively. Birds fed 5% MSC diet were better than the birds on the other levels of MSC diets in terms of growth and carcass characteristics. The results obtained from growth study revealed a significant declined in, final weight, weight gain, feed intake, and feed conversion ratio as the inclusion levels of MSC increased beyond 5% in thediets. The birds on control diet had the best result in terms of final weight , daily weight gain and daily feed intake of 2974g/bird, 52.4g/bird / day and 107.51g/bird/ day respectively followed by those fed diet containing 5% MSC with 2183.4g/bird, 38.24/bird /day and 95.66g/bird /day respectively. whereas, the birds fed 20% MSC had the least (P>0.05) final weight, daily weight gain and daily feed intake of 560 g/bird, 9.26g/bird /day and 33.51g/bird/day respectively. Carcass characteristics followed similar trend as the growth parameters. Hematological indices showed significant differences across the dietary treatments, however, the results were within the normal range except for the white blood cell. It can therefore be, concluded that the inclusion of MSC in broiler chicken diet should not exceed 5% for optimum growth and general performance. 

Influence of soybean bioactive peptides on performance, foot pad lesions and carcass characteristics in broilers

2018 ◽  
Vol 6 ◽  
Author(s):  
M. R. Abdollahi ◽  
F. Zaefarian ◽  
Y. Gu ◽  
W. Xiao ◽  
J. Jia ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Weight Gain ◽  
Feed Intake ◽  
Carcass Characteristics ◽  
Biologically Active ◽  
Feed Conversion ◽  
Functional Protein ◽  
Inclusion Level ◽  
Poultry Diets ◽  
Foot Pad ◽  
Dietary Treatments

SummaryThe influence of different inclusion levels of a biologically active peptide derived from soybeans by enzymatic hydrolysis, on growth performance, foot pad lesions and carcass characteristics in broilers were examined in this study. Starter (1 to 21 d) and finisher (22 to 42 d) diets, based on maize and soybean meal, were subjected to seven inclusion levels of a commercial soybean bioactive peptide (SBP) product (Fortide, Chengdu Mytech Biotech Co. Ltd., Chengdu, Sichuan, China) at 0.0, 1.0, 2.0, 3.0, 4.0, 5.0 and 6.0 g/kg of diet. All diets were equivalent in respect of energy density, digestible amino acids and other nutrients. A total of 840, one-day-old male broilers (Ross 308) were allocated to 42 pens (20 birds/pen), which were randomly assigned to seven dietary treatments. During the starter period, there was no significant effect of SBP on weight gain and feed intake of the birds. However, a significant (P < 0.05) effect of SBP was observed for the feed conversion ratio (FCR), with SBP inclusion at 3.0 g/kg and above showing lower (P < 0.05) FCR values compared to the diet with no SBP. No effect of SBP was observed for weight gain and feed intake over the whole trial period. However, SBP inclusion tended (P = 0.06) to influence the FCR of birds. Increasing SBP inclusion level resulted in gradual decrease in FCR values, with SBP inclusion at 5.0 and 6.0 g/kg showing lower FCR values compared to the diet with no SBP. Overall, the present study suggests that dietary supplementation of SBP in broiler diets has the potential to improve FCR and to be used as a novel functional protein in poultry diets.

scholarly journals EFFECTS OF DIFFERENT LEVELS OF DIETARY METHIONINE ON THE CARCASS CHARACTERISTICS OF FINISHER COCKERELS

2021 ◽  
Vol 25 (1) ◽  
pp. 25-30
Author(s):  
S. O. NWOKORO ◽  
O. O. TEWE
Keyword(s):  
Weight Gain ◽  
Carcass Characteristics ◽  
Daily Weight Gain ◽  
Dressing Percentage ◽  
Dietary Treatments ◽  
Different Levels

The experiment was conducted to determine the effect of different levels of dietary methionine on carcass characteristics of finisher cockerels. 500 day old cockerels were reared together initially for 7 weeks and at 8 weeks of age, they were assigned to 8 dietary groups of different methionine levels. Weights of the birds were taken at the beginning and end of the experiment. In the 16th week, the birds were slaughter to determine various    carcass measurements. Result indicated that daily weight gain was significantly (P < 0.05) affected by dietary treatments. The daily weight gain increased with increasing level of dietary methionine until it was optimized at 0.37% level. The dressing percentage and most other cut up parts (Drumstick, Thigh, Neck, Back, Breast, Wings) were significantly differences were observed for most organs (expect spleen), gut and comb measured, these were not however consistent with dietary treatments.

scholarly journals Growth performance and carcass characteristics of finisher broiler chickens fed diet containing cooked cocoyam tubermeal

2020 ◽  
Vol 46 (4) ◽  
pp. 161-170
Author(s):  
B. C. Anyaegbu ◽  
D. N. Onunkwo ◽  
G. Igwe ◽  
J. Nathaniel ◽  
C. M. Nkwo
Keyword(s):  
Body Weight ◽  
Weight Gain ◽  
Feed Intake ◽  
Broiler Chickens ◽  
Broiler Chicken ◽  
Body Weight Gain ◽  
Control Diet ◽  
Carcass Characteristics ◽  
Feed Conversion ◽  
Feeding Trial

This study was carried out to evaluate the growth performance and carcass characteristics of finisher broiler chickens fed diet containing cooked cocoyam tubermeal as energy source in place of maize. The proximate composition of cooked cocoyam tubermeal showed that it contained 13.11% moisture, 2.60% ash, 3.90% crude protein, 9.45% crude fiber, 1.85% ether extract and 70.13% NFE. In the finisher feeding trial, the cooked cocoyam tubermeal was used to replace maize at levels of 25%, 50%, 75% and 100% respectively in the control diet. Each finisher diet was fed to a group of 30 finisher broiler chicken for 4 weeks using completely randomized design. Each treatment was divided into 3 replicates of 10 broiler chicks each. The birds were kept on deep litter and were given feed and water ad-libitum. Parameters measured include ifinal body weight, body weight gain feed intake, feed conversion ratio, carcass characteristics and economics of production. In the finisher feeding trial, the feed intake of the finisher broilers on diets 2, 3 and 4 were similar and compared favourably with those on the control diet. The finisher group on 100% CCYM (diet 5) recorded the lowest feed intake possibly because of the dustiness of the feed. The body weight gain of the finisher broilers on diet 2 (25%) cooked cocoyam tubermeal compared favourably with the control group and was significantly (P<0.05) higher than those on other diets. It appeared that the finisher broilers could not tolerate high levels of cooked cocoyam meal due to dustiness of the feed and its anti-nutritional factors. The cost of production per kg finisher broilers was cheapest for diet 5(100% CCYM) (N356.72) and the costliest was for diet 3(50% CCYM) (N588.28). The internal organs expressed as percent of the live weight were not affected by the treatments. In terms of carcass characteristics, the finisher broilers on diet 2(25% CCYM) recorded the highest breast muscle which was significantly different (P<0.05) from other groups. There were no significant different (P>0.05) on percent back cut, drumstick, head, shank, thigh, neck and wings of the finisher broilers on all the treatments. There were no significant differences (P > 0.05) in percent dressed weight of the finisher broilers on cooked cocoyam based diets. The results of the trial have shown that cooking cocoyam corms (Xanthosoma sagittifolium) for 30 minutes was effective for reducing the cyanide oxalate, tannin, phytic acid and saponin content and that cooking did not affect the proximate composition of tannia. Cooked cocoyam tubermeal could be used to replace maize up to 25% in the diet of finisher broiler chicken without affecting body weight gain, feed intake and feed conversion ratio as indicated in this study.

scholarly journals Growth Performance and Carcass Characteristics of Broilers Fed Diets Containing Various Duration of Water Soaked Sweet Orange Peels

2019 ◽  
pp. 1-8
Author(s):  
A. O. Amaga ◽  
O. I. A. Oluremi ◽  
C. D. Tuleun ◽  
F. G. Kaankuka
Keyword(s):  
Weight Gain ◽  
Feed Intake ◽  
Broiler Chickens ◽  
Sweet Orange ◽  
Carcass Characteristics ◽  
Orange Peel ◽  
Daily Weight Gain ◽  
Broiler Chicks ◽  
Orange Peels ◽  
Dietary Treatments

An experiment was conducted with one hundred and eighty (180) unsexed day old broiler chicks of Arbor acre strain to investigate the effect of feeding diets supplemented with water soaked sweet orange peel meal (SOP) on the performance and carcass characteristics of broiler chicken. The broiler chickens were randomly distributed into six (6) dietary treatments of 30 birds per treatment which were further distributed into three (3) replicates of 10 birds per replicate from day old, in a completely randomized design. Six dietary treatments were formulated such that, T1 which is control was maize based. In diets 2, 3, 4, 5 and 6, sweet orange peels replaced maize at various duration of water soaked, 0, 24, 48, 72 and 96 hours respectively and incorporated at 30% inclusion. Data were collected on feed intake and weekly weight gain. Six (6) birds were randomly selected per treatment starved over night, weighed and sacrificed by cervical dislocation for carcass analysis. Result reveals significant (p<0.05) difference in daily feed intake, there was no significant (p>0.05) difference on final weight and daily weight gain. The result of carcass characteristics showed no significant (p>0.05) difference in carcass cut and internal organs. It can be concluded that supplementing broiler diets with water soaked sweet orange peels had no detrimental effects on the performance and carcass characteristics.

scholarly journals Dressing percentage and carcass characteristics of Bunaji bulls fattened on varying inclusion levels of groundnut haulms and maize offal

2020 ◽  
Vol 44 (2) ◽  
pp. 213-222
Author(s):  
D. Y Goska ◽  
A. Kibon ◽  
I. I. Madziga ◽  
C. B. I. Alawa ◽  
O. S. Lamidi ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Feed Intake ◽  
Carcass Characteristics ◽  
Empty Stomach ◽  
Feed Conversion ◽  
Randomized Design ◽  
Final Weight ◽  
Percentage Weight ◽  
Completely Randomized Design ◽  
Dressing Percentage ◽  
Dietary Treatments

Animal carcasses vary in composition through genetic, age and sex of animal, nutritional and environmental effects. Twenty Bunaji bulls with average live weights of 196±0.5 kg and aged between 21/ and 3 years were used for the trial. The bulls were divided to four groups of five 2 animals balanced by weight with an animal as a replicate in a completely randomized design and were allocated to four dietary treatments consisting of 80: 20, 60: 40, 40: 60 and 20: 80% groundnut haulms: maize offal. Feed intake, live and carcass weights and weight of carcass components and offal were used to assess the carcass characteristics. Feed intake and final weight differed (P<0.05) significantly with the bulls on 40: 60 and 20: 80% groundnut haulms: maize offal inclusion levels having higher values of 7.49 and 7.57 kg/d and 276.60 and 279.60 kg against 6.93 and 7.16 kg/d and 242.40 and 252.60 kg/d for those on 80: 20 and 60: 40% inclusion levels, respectively. Similarly, feed conversion ratio was significantly (P<0.05) higher for the bulls on 40: 60 and 20:80% inclusion levels than those on 80: 20 and 60: 40% inclusion levels. The carcass components used were: empty carcass (kg), dressing percentage, weight of dissectible beef (kg), beef yield % of carcass weight, internal offal (liver, spleen, heart, kidney, empty stomach and intestine) and external offal (head, tail, legs and hide). Result also showed that there was significant (P<0.05) difference in all the carcass components, dressing percentage and weight of legs spleen, kidney and empty intestines between the treatments. However, no differences were observed for the weights of liver, heart, empty stomach, head and hide. It is concluded that higher proportion of maize offal in the diet influence most carcass components.

scholarly journals Response of albino rats fed graded levels of raw sickle pod ( Senna obtusifolia) seed meal

2020 ◽  
Vol 44 (5) ◽  
pp. 148-153
Author(s):  
C. Augustine ◽  
G. A. Domo ◽  
Y. U. Ngiki ◽  
L. U. Obidah ◽  
B. S. Abdulrahman ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Weight Gain ◽  
Feed Intake ◽  
Block Design ◽  
Carcass Characteristics ◽  
Seed Meal ◽  
Albino Rats ◽  
Productive Performance ◽  
Organ Weights ◽  
Senna Obtusifolia ◽  
Dressing Percentage

A feeding trial was conducted to investigate the effects of feeding raw Senna obtusifolia seed meal (RSOSM) on the productive performance, carcass characteristics and organ weights of albino rats. Five experimental diets were compounded to contain RSOSM at graded levels of 0, 5, 10, 15 and 20%designated asT1, T2, T3, T4 and T5, respectively. Sixty albino rats with an average body weight of 70.52 to 81.05 g were allotted to the five dietary treatments in a randomized complete block design with three replicates of four rats each. The chemical composition and the anti-nutritional factors were determined. Parameters measured were feed intake, weight gain, feed conversion ratio, live weight, dressed weight, dressing percentage and organ weights (heart, liver, kidney and lungs).Data obtained were subjected to analysis of variance. The productive performance, carcass characteristics and organ weights were observed to be significantly (P<0.05) depressed as the level of RSOSM increased in the experimental diets. Albino rats fed 15 and 20% RSOSM significantly (P<0.05) recorded the lowest feed intake, weight gain and dressing percentage of 241.60 g, 60.10 g and 78.84%, 74.46 and 212.82 g, 51.78 g and 75.38%, respectively. The weight of organs revealed a declining trend as the level of RSOSM increased except for the liver and intestinewhich indicated progressive increase in sizes as the level of RSOSMincreased in the diets. Albino rats fed 15 and 20% RSOSMrecorded the highest liver weight of 4.21 and 4.29 g. It can be concluded that inclusion of RSOSM beyond 5% in the diets of albino rats had adverse effects on their productive performance, carcass characteristics and organ weights.

Effect of maceration at mowing on silage conservation,voluntary intake, digestibility and growth rate of steers fed precision chopped or round bale silages

1999 ◽  
Vol 79 (2) ◽  
pp. 195-202 ◽  
Author(s):  
E. Charmley ◽  
P. Savoie ◽  
K. B. Mcrae ◽  
X. Lu
Keyword(s):  
Dry Matter ◽  
Dactylis Glomerata ◽  
Feed Utilization ◽  
Utilization Efficiency ◽  
Feeding Trial ◽  
Total Acid ◽  
Fibre Concentration ◽  
Physical Form ◽  
Voluntary Intake ◽  
Feed Utilization Efficiency

Four silages were made from the primary growth of an orchardgrass (Dactylis glomerata)/white clover (Trifolium repens) sward in mid-June. Precision chopped (PC) and round bale (RB) silages were made from wilted forage that had been cut either with a regular mower conditioner (CON) or a mower macerator (MAC). Silages were fed to growing steers in a 10-wk feeding trial using a 2 × 2 factorial design. To determine apparent digestibility, silages were fed to wether sheep and ruminally incubated in nylon bags using two canulated cows. The DM concentration of silages ranged between 273 and 362 g kg−1 and was higher in RB than PC silage. Maceration increased fibre concentration in RB silage but had little influence on PC silage. Nitrogen and its fractions were not influenced by treatment. Maceration increased total acid concentration in PC silages but lowered it in RB silage. Lactic acid accounted for a higher proportion of total acids in macerated silages than in control silages. Steers fed RB silage consumed 35% more DM than those fed PC silage (P < 0.001). Maceration reduced intake of PC silage by 18% but did not affect intake of RB silage (interaction; P < 0.05). Maceration had no effect on BW gain in steers fed PC silage, but in RB silage gains were increased from 0.87 kg d−1 to 1.09 kg d−1 (interaction; P < 0.05). Feed utilization efficiency was poorer for RB than PC silage (P < 0.001) and maceration improved feed utilization (P < 0.001). The DM, OM and NDF digestibility coefficients were reduced by maceration in RB but not in PC silage (interaction; P < 0.05); a similar trend was observed for ADF (interaction; P < 0.10). Apparent N digestibility was less in MAC than CON silage (P < 0.01). Dry matter disappearance from nylon bags was not influenced by maceration in PC silage but was higher in RB-MAC than RB-CON silage. It is concluded that influences of maceration on intake and gain is dependent upon the physical form of the silage. Key words: Maceration, silage, round bale, precision chop, growth, beef

scholarly journals Effect of replacing maize with pride of barbados (Delonix regia) seed meal on growth performance, carcass, serum and haematological indices of rabbits

2021 ◽  
Vol 42 (2) ◽  
pp. 94-102
Author(s):  
R. Olajide ◽  
O. A. Adeniyi
Keyword(s):  
Weight Gain ◽  
Growth Performance ◽  
Feed Intake ◽  
Dietary Treatment ◽  
Serum Biochemistry ◽  
Conversion Ratio ◽  
Feed Conversion Ratio ◽  
Feed Conversion ◽  
Feeding Trial ◽  
Dietary Treatments

Thirty growing rabbits with mean body weight of 516.67g were used in a feeding trial that lasted for 56 days. The animals were randomly distributed into five (5) dietary treatment groups consisting of six (6) animals per group. Each treatment group was replicated six (6) times with individually housed rabbit per replicate. The five dietary treatments contained 0, 25, 50, 75 and 100% replacement levels of Delonix regia seed meal (DRSM) for maize in a completely randomized design experiment. The parameters investigated during the study were feed intake, weight gain, feed conversion ratio and feed cost. At the end of the feeding trial, blood samples were collected from the animals through the ear vein for haematology and serum biochemistry. Fifteen (15) animals at the rate of 3 animals per dietary treatment were stunned and sacrificed for the determination of carcass analysis. Samples of visceral organs and primal parts were collected from the animals for carcass yield evaluation. Data obtained were subjected to one-way analysis of variance. The inclusion of DRSM in rabbit diets did not significantly (p>0.05) influence the daily feed intake, weight gain and feed conversion ratio of the animals. The carcass parameters except the forelegs and all the organ weights were not significantly (p<0.05) affected by the dietary treatments. The highest value (3.85%) of the forelegs was obtained in treatment 4 (75% DRSM). The corresponding values of 3.35, 3.39 and 3.40 respectively for animals in treatments 1, 2 and 5 were similar but lower than that on treatment 4 and higher than 3.19% of treatment 3. Feeding of DRSM to rabbits did not show any significant (p>0.05) variation in both the haematological and biochemical components of the rabbits studied except the globulin. The globulins (g/dl) were 1.50, 3.0, 1.70, 3.30 and 1.75 respectively for animals on treatment 1, 2, 3, 4 and 5. All these haematological and serum biochemical parameters were within the normal physiological ranges for rabbits. Cost per Kg feed and cost of feed per Kg live weight decreased significantly (p<0.05) with increased replacement levels of DRSM for maize in the diets with 100% substitution having the least cost. The results suggest that DRSM could completely replace maize (up to 100%) without any deleterious effect on the growth performance, carcass, haematology and serum biochemistry of rabbits. Therefore DRSM may be a panacea to high cost of maize and can be recommended for rrabbit farmers.

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