scholarly journals Variation in helminth susceptibility of indigenous chickens in Kano and Jigawa States of Nigeria

2021 ◽  
Vol 48 (5) ◽  
pp. 51-68
Author(s):  
A. A. Ibrahim ◽  
S.T. Mbap ◽  
T. Ibrahim ◽  
Y. P. Mancha
Keyword(s):  
Serum Proteins ◽  
Blood Parameters ◽  
Total Serum ◽  
Helminth Parasites ◽  
Indigenous Chicken ◽  
Worm Count ◽  
Naked Neck ◽  
Faecal Egg Count ◽  
High Gene ◽  
Genetic Closeness

This study was carried out to identify the helminth parasites and burden associated with five indigenous chicken strains namely normal feathered Fulani ecotypes, naked neck, dwarf and frizzle kept under free- range system in six local government areas of Kano and Jigawa States. A total of 540 fresh faecal samples were collected from the gastrointestinal tract. Faecal egg count (quantitative examination) was carried out using the modified McMaster technique with flotation solution. All the helminths (cestodes and nematodes) were examined under light microscope and identified on the basis of helminthological keys. Worm count, EPG, Packed cell volume (PCV), total serum proteins and albumin were used to assess chicken susceptibility to worm infection. Significant differences were observed among the chicken strains for egg per gramme (EPG), cestodes and nematodes. The highest EPG (119.80) was observed in naked neck chickens, followed by frizzled (114.18), dwarf (62.86), normal feathered (30.80) and Fulani ecotypes (0.71). Frizzled chickens had higher mean cestode (7.96) count than the other strains. Dwarf chickens were significantly (P<0.05) more susceptible to nematode infection. Higher EPG (60.55) and worm burden (cestode, 6.08) was found in males than females. The high gene flow and low differentiation between Fulani ecotype and normal feathered and, naked neck and frizzled buttressed the assertion that the similarity in EPG between them were because of genetic closeness. Susceptibility to worm infection in the study measured by the prevalence and EPG was therefore genetically controlled. There were generally negative and low correlations between egg and adult worm counts with haematological indices considered. Thus, blood parameters do vary in response to helminth infection and could be good measures of susceptibility.     Cette étude a été réalisée pour identifier les parasites de Helminthe et le fardeau associé à cinq souches de poulet autochtones, à savoir des écotypes Fulani à plumes normaux, un nuque nu, un nain et une frisée maintenus sous un système de liberté dans six zones gouvernementales locales des États de Kano et Jigawa. Un total de 540 échantillons fécaux frais ont été collectés à partir du tractus gastro-intestinal. Le nombre d'œufs fécaux (examen quantitatif) a été réalisé en utilisant la technique modifiée McMaster avec une solution de flottation. Tous les helminthes (cestodes et nématodes) ont été examinés sous un microscope léger et identifiés sur la base de clés helminthologiques. Le nombre de ver, ŒPG, volume de cellules emballé (VCE), les protéines sériques totales et l'albumine ont été utilisées pour évaluer la sensibilité au poulet à une infection de vers. Des différences significatives ont été observées parmi les souches de poulet pour l'œuf par gramme (ŒPG), des cestodes et des nématodes. Le plus haut ŒPG (119,80) a été observé dans des poulets de cou nu, suivis de frisanges (114,18), de nains (62,86), d'écotypes normaux à plumes (30,80) et de Fulani (0,71). Les poulets frongettes avaient une cestode moyenne moyenne (7,96) comptant que les autres souches. Les poulets nains étaient significativement (p <0,05) plus susceptibles d'infection nématode. L'ŒPG (60,55) et la charge de ver supérieur (CESTOD, 6,08) ont été trouvés chez les poulets que les poules. Le flux de gènes élevé et la faible différenciation entre les écotypes Fulani et la normale à plumes normaux et à la nuque nue et à contreforts librizatés l'affirmation selon laquelle la similitude dans ŒPG entre elles étaient à cause de la proximité génétique. La susceptibilité à une infection de vers dans l'étude mesurée par la prévalence et l'ŒPG a donc été contrôlée génétiquement. Il y avait généralement des corrélations négatives et faibles entre le nombre de ver d'œufs et d'adultes avec des indices hématologiques considérés. Ainsi, les paramètres sanguins varient en réponse à l'infection d'helminthe et pourraient être de bonnes mesures de susceptibilité.

scholarly journals The Physical Activity-Dependent Hematological and Biochemical Changes in School Horses in Comparison to Blood Profiles in Endurance and Race Horses

Animals ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (4) ◽  
pp. 1128
Author(s):  
Małgorzata Maśko ◽  
Małgorzata Domino ◽  
Tomasz Jasiński ◽  
Olga Witkowska-Piłaszewicz
Keyword(s):  
Physical Activity ◽  
Blood Parameters ◽  
Total Serum Protein ◽  
Total Serum ◽  
Improve Performance ◽  
Blood Profile ◽  
Hematological And Biochemical Parameters ◽  
Activity Dependent ◽  
Race Horses ◽  
Blood Profiles

Blood testing is one of the most important ways to improve performance, facilitate recovery and monitor the training of endurance and race horses. However, little is known about the physical activity-dependent changes of blood parameters in horses used for pleasure and in riding schools. This study aimed to perform routine blood tests for training monitoring of sport horses in three different horse types of use. Then the values of blood indicators were compared between school, endurance and race horses to find similarities in the physical activity-dependent profile. The study was carried out on 15 endurance, 15 race and 15 school healthy horses who underwent the typical effort for their disciplines. The hemogram parameters, creatine phosphokinase (CPK), aspartate aminotransferase (AST), blood lactate (LAC), and total serum protein (TSP) concentrations were measured using the same protocol and equipment. Measurements of main hematological and biochemical physical activity-dependent parameters were conducted before, immediately after and 30 min after training. In school horses, the physical activity-dependent increase of WBC (40.9%) and CPK (76.4%) was similar to endurance horses, whereas an increase of RBC (19.1%), HGB (18.6%) and HCT (19.4%) were more similar to race horses. The moderate effort-dependent increase of LAC concentration (2775%) was lower than in race horses (7526%) and higher than in endurance horses (390%). Limiting the training or work monitoring assessment of school horses to only the endurance or racing blood profile may result in the omission of significant changes in hematological and biochemical parameters.

scholarly journals The Effect of Dietary Intake and Nutritional Status on Anthropometric Development and Systemic Inflammation: An Observational Study

2021 ◽  
Vol 18 (11) ◽  
pp. 5635
Author(s):  
Roxana Maria Martin-Hadmaș ◽  
Ștefan Adrian Martin ◽  
Adela Romonți ◽  
Cristina Oana Mărginean
Keyword(s):  
Serum Proteins ◽  
Caloric Intake ◽  
Saturated Fat ◽  
The Body ◽  
Total Serum ◽  
Fat Intake ◽  
Trans Fats ◽  
Study Objective ◽  
Inflammatory Status ◽  
Total Fat

(1) Background: Daily caloric intake should aim to reduce the risk of obesity or poor anthropometric development. Our study objective was to analyze the association between food consumption, inflammatory status and anthropometric development; (2) Methods: We performed a prospective observational analytical research during September 2020 and April 2021 on a group of 160 healthy subjects, aged between 6 and 12 years old, by analyzing food ingestion, the basal metabolic rate, anthropometric development and the inflammatory status; (3) Results: IL-6 was significantly correlated to the sum of skinfolds, along with both serum proteins and triglycerides. The skin folds were significantly correlated with the caloric intake and with total fat intake, next to saturated and trans fats. Unlike the skin folds, the body weight was significantly correlated with the caloric intake along with some vitamins, such as Vitamin A and Vitamin B12. Inactive mass increased with excessive folic acid, Vitamin E, Vitamin K and saturated fat intake; (4) Conclusions: The inflammatory status was influenced by the ingestion of micronutrients, total serum lipids and proteins. The anthropometric development was associated with the ingestion of carbohydrates, energy balance and energy intake. We can conclude that daily menu and nutrition imbalances can influence both the risk of obesity and the inflammatory status.

Muscle Weight Relationship to Serum Proteins, Hemocytes, and Hepatopancreas in the Lobster, Homarus americanus

1967 ◽  
Vol 24 (11) ◽  
pp. 2339-2354 ◽  
Author(s):  
James E. Stewart ◽  
John W. Cornick ◽  
Diane M. Foley ◽  
M. F. Li ◽  
C. M. Bishop
Keyword(s):  
Serum Protein ◽  
Physiological Condition ◽  
Serum Proteins ◽  
Homarus Americanus ◽  
Total Serum Protein ◽  
Total Serum ◽  
Experimental Conditions ◽  
Muscle Weight ◽  
Beef Liver ◽  
The Relationship

Total serum protein values, hemocyte numbers, and muscle weights were determined for 216 intermolt lobsters immediately after their capture, and for 230 others held captive under a variety of dietary and environmental conditions. Average muscle values ranged from approximately 13% to the more normal 20–25% of the live animals' weight, depending upon experimental conditions. The total serum protein up to a level of 55 mg/ml was shown to be a reliable indicator of muscle weights, although the relationship was not identical for all lobster groups. It appeared to be modified chiefly by the areas from which the different groups were taken. Diet was more important than the temperatures (5 to 14 C) in affecting changes in muscle and serum protein values. Starvation caused a greater reduction (50 to 70%) in the size of the hepatopancreas than in the muscle. Histological examination of the hepatopancreatic tissue showed that the lipid content was markedly reduced upon starvation and that a degeneration of this organ was apparent for lobsters fed a beef liver and herring diet. Measurement of serum proteins would appear to be a useful technique in experiments on lobster nutrition and have value, within specified limits, for assessing the physiological condition of wild lobsters.

scholarly journals Novel serum biomarkers for erythropoietin use in humans: a proteomic approach

2011 ◽  
Vol 110 (1) ◽  
pp. 149-156 ◽  
Author(s):  
Britt Christensen ◽  
Lucila Sackmann-Sala ◽  
Diana Cruz-Topete ◽  
Jens Otto L. Jørgensen ◽  
Niels Jessen ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Serum Proteins ◽  
Endurance Performance ◽  
Serum Biomarkers ◽  
Arterial Oxygen ◽  
Total Serum ◽  
Two Dimensional Gel Electrophoresis ◽  
Arterial Oxygen Content ◽  
Serum Haptoglobin ◽  
Proteomic Approach ◽  
Male Subjects

Erythropoietin (Epo) is produced primarily in the kidneys upon low blood oxygen availability and stimulates erythropoiesis in the bone marrow. Recombinant human Epo (rHuEpo), a drug developed to increase arterial oxygen content in patients, is also illicitly used by athletes to improve their endurance performance. Therefore, a robust and sensitive test to detect its abuse is needed. The aim of the present study was to investigate potential human serum biomarkers of Epo abuse employing a proteomic approach. Eight healthy male subjects were injected subcutaneously with rHuEpo (5,000 IU) every second day for a 16-day period. Serum was collected before starting the treatment regime and again at days 8 and 16 during the treatment period. Samples were homogenized and proteins separated by two-dimensional gel electrophoresis (2DE). Spots that changed significantly in response to rHuEpo treatment were identified by mass spectrometry. Both the number of reticulocytes and erythrocytes increased throughout the study, leading to a significant increase in hematocrit and hemoglobin content. In addition, transferrin levels increased but the percentage of iron bound to transferrin and ferritin levels decreased. Out of 97 serum proteins, seven were found to decrease significantly at day 16 compared with pre-Epo administration, and were identified as four isoforms of haptoglobin, two isoforms of transferrin, and a mixture of hemopexin and albumin. In support, total serum haptoglobin levels were found to be significantly decreased at both days 8 and 16. Thus a 2DE proteomic approach for discovery of novel markers of Epo action appears feasible.

scholarly journals Carcass traits, haematology and serum biochemical parameters of Nigerian indigenous chickens and their crosses with marshall

2020 ◽  
Vol 45 (3) ◽  
Author(s):  
U. Akpan ◽  
O. A. Bassey ◽  
C.O.N. Ikeobi ◽  
A.V. Jegede ◽  
O.A. Adebambo
Keyword(s):  
Biochemical Parameters ◽  
Broiler Chickens ◽  
Carcass Traits ◽  
Blood Parameters ◽  
Study Data ◽  
Serum Biochemical Parameters ◽  
Naked Neck ◽  
Statistical Analysis System ◽  
Serum Biochemical ◽  
Analysis System

This study investigated the genetic variation in carcass traits and blood parameters of local naked neck and normal-feathered chickens and their crosses with Marshall broiler chickens. Two hundred and sixty three chickens consisting of 50 purebred Marshalls (M), 38 naked neck (Nk) and 48 normal-feathered (N), 61Marshall x naked neck (MNk) and 66Marshall x normal-feathered(MN) chickens were used for the study. Data were collected on carcass traits, haematology and serum biochemical parameters and were analysed using the General Linear Model procedure of Statistical Analysis System. Carcass traits such as eviscerated weight and weights of thigh, drumstick, breast, wings and organs were significantly (P < 0.0001) affected by genotype. Results showed that the purebred Marshall had the highest values in most of the traits followed by their crossbreds. In organs such as gizzard, liver and heart the local normal feathered ranked equal with its crossbred. Sex significantly (P< 0.05) affected carcass traits. Males consistently had higher values than females in all the parameters measured. Genotype significantly (P

scholarly journals Study of Some Biochemical Parameters in Iraqi Children with Acute Lymphoblastic Leukemia

2015 ◽  
Vol 12 (2) ◽  
pp. 371-378
Author(s):  
Baghdad Science Journal
Keyword(s):  
Bone Marrow ◽  
Acute Lymphoblastic Leukemia ◽  
Biochemical Parameters ◽  
Serum Proteins ◽  
Lymphoblastic Leukemia ◽  
White Blood Cells ◽  
Total Serum ◽  
Childhood All ◽  
Marrow Cavity ◽  
Increased Risk

Leukemia or cancer of the blood is the most common childhood cancer, Acute lymphoblastic leukemia (ALL), is the most common form of leukemia that occurs in children. It is characterized by the presence of too many immature white blood cells in the child’s blood and bone marrow, Acute lymphoblastic leukemia can occur in adults too, treatment is different for children. Children with ALL develop symptoms related to infiltration of blasts in the bone marrow, lymphoid system, and extramedullary sites, such as the central nervous system (CNS). Common constitutional indications consist of fatigue (50%), pallor (25%), fever (60%), and weight loss (26%). Infiltration of blast cells in the marrow cavity and periosteum often lead to bone pain (23%) and disturbance of normal hematopoiesis. Thrombocytopenia with platelet counts less than 100,000 are seen in approximately 75% of patients. About 40% of patients with childhood ALL present with hemoglobin levels less than 7 g/dL. Although leukocyte counts greater than 50,000/mm3 occur in 20% of cases, neutropenia defined as an absolute neutrophil count less than 500 is common at presentation and is associated with an increased risk of infection. The aim of this study was to investigate the differentiations in some biochemical parameters (Hb, PCV, total serum proteins Aspartate amino transferase(AST), Alanin amino transferase (ALT), and Malondialdehyde (MDA) in blood which can be conceder as a marker of ALL. Samples were collected from 50 patients (between 1-16 years old) diagnosed with ALL after one month treatment with induction therapy, compared with 30 control samples taken from healthy persons at the same age . The ALT and MDA showed a significant increase p < 0.001 and p

scholarly journals Serum proteinogram of the Campeiro horse

2019 ◽  
Vol 71 (2) ◽  
pp. 363-368
Author(s):  
A.F. Souza ◽  
J. Schade ◽  
A.F. Ramos ◽  
M.S.M. Albuquerque ◽  
G.V. Fonteque ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Serum Protein ◽  
Serum Proteins ◽  
Reference Interval ◽  
Total Serum Protein ◽  
Total Serum ◽  
Serum Concentrations ◽  
Reproductive Condition ◽  
Serum Fractions ◽  
Pregnancy Status ◽  
Biuret Method

ABSTRACT The aim of this study to measure the fractions of the total serum proteins of the Campeiro horse and identify the influences of biological variants. Blood samples were taken in 138 horses of the breed Campeiro for measuring the concentration of total serum protein by the biuret method. Serum concentrations of protein fractions were measured by electrophoresis using agarose gel. Groups were formed according to age, sex and reproductive condition. The average values of serum fractions: albumin (2.85±0.36g/dl), alpha 1 (0.28±0.11g/dl), alpha 2 (0.26±0.08g/dL) beta 1 (0.57±0.15g/dl), beta 2 (0.89±0.28g/dL), gamaglobulinas (1.86±0.34g/dL), albumin/globulin ratio (0.75±0.18) and 2.5% percentile and 97.5% had slight differences in relation to the reference interval proposed for the species. They observed higher values of alpha 1 and 2 globulins in the group from that had six to eight years old and gammaglobulins in group above 13 years old. Serum protein concentrations were similar in horses and mares and between non-pregnant and pregnant. Sex and pregnancy status did not affect serum proteinogram. Alpha and gammaglobulins have higher values as the age increases. Serum proteinogram of Campeiro horses shows variations that have to be considered in the interpretation of laboratory tests.

Precipitation of serum proteins by the lectin from wheat-germ.

1987 ◽  
Vol 33 (1) ◽  
pp. 185-186 ◽  
Author(s):  
W E Schreiber ◽  
L Whitta
Keyword(s):  
Alkaline Phosphatase ◽  
Serum Protein ◽  
Wheat Germ ◽  
Serum Proteins ◽  
Total Serum Protein ◽  
Total Serum ◽  
Wheat Germ Lectin

Abstract We investigated the composition of the precipitate that forms when wheat-germ lectin derived from Triticum vulgaris is added to serum. A number of serum proteins are precipitated, representing about 2.5% of the total serum protein. This study demonstrates that the interaction of this lectin with the bone isoenzyme of alkaline phosphatase is not specific.

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