Prucalopride in intestinal pseudo obstruction, paediatric experience and systematic review

2021 ◽  
Vol 84 (3) ◽  
Author(s):  
M Mutalib ◽  
J Kammermeier ◽  
R Vora ◽  
O Borrelli
Keyword(s):  
Management Strategy ◽  
Selection Criteria ◽  
Serotonin Receptor ◽  
Case Reports ◽  
Systemic Review ◽  
Morbidity Burden ◽  
Medical Databases ◽  
Standard Management ◽  
Intestinal Pseudo Obstruction ◽  
Effective Laxative

Background : Intestinal pseudo obstruction both acute and chronic is an uncommon severe motility disorder that affect both children and adults, can lead to significant morbidity burden and have no standard management strategy. Prucalopride a highly selective serotonin receptor agonist is an effective laxative with reported extra colon action. We aim to report our experience in children with acute and chronic intestinal pseudo obstruction who responded to prucalopride and systemically review the use of prucalopride in intestinal pseudo obstruction. Methods : A report of clinical experience and systemic review of the relevant medical databases to identify the outcome of usage of prucalopride in patients with acute and chronic intestinal pseudo obstruction. Studies meeting the selection criteria were reviewed including abstract only and case reports. Results : All reported cases showed clinical response to prucalopride. There were three full text, two abstracts only and three case reports all reporting clinical improvement with prucalopride. Conclusion : Prucalopride appears to show promising results in children and adults with acute and chronic intestinal pseudo obstruction.

scholarly journals Electro-Acupuncture on Aphasia after Stroke: A Systemic Review of Randomized Controlled Trials

2021 ◽  
Vol 42 (3) ◽  
pp. 323-339
Author(s):  
Jeong-been Ha ◽  
Su-jung Lee ◽  
Ji-soo Yang ◽  
Jae-hwan Lew
Keyword(s):  
Selection Criteria ◽  
Previous Treatment ◽  
Systemic Review ◽  
Outcome Indicators ◽  
Rehabilitation Therapy ◽  
Randomized Controlled ◽  
Speech Rehabilitation ◽  
Objective Evidence ◽  
Before And After

Objectives: This study investigates the effect of electro-acupuncture on aphasia after stroke.Methods: A search of OASIS, NDSL, PubMed, Cochrane, and CNKI was executed between 4 January 2021 and 4 February 2021, with no limitation on publication year. Extraction and selection from the studies were made by 3 authors. The quality of the studies was evaluated using Cochrane’s risk of bias (RoB) tool.Results: 10 studies met the selection criteria. As the treatment site for electro-acupuncture, GV20 (Baihui) was used the most. In all studies, the region located on the head was used for treatment without distinguishing between acupoints and areas of scalp acupuncture, and the stimulation was organized into 3 conditions: speed, intensity, and time. The outcome indicators used before and after treatment focused on the evaluation of language function and the degree of aphasia. The results showed that using electro-acupuncture with speech rehabilitation therapy for aphasia after stroke was more effective than using speech rehabilitation therapy alone.Conclusions: In this review, electro-acupuncture for aphasia after stroke was found to have a significant effect compared to the previous treatment alone. However, because of limitations, information was not reliable enough. Additional research is needed to produce more objective evidence.

scholarly journals Review of Published Case Reports of COVID-19 Associated Mucormycosis with Search of Therapeutic Potential in Ayurveda and Homeopathy

2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (8) ◽  
pp. 114-126
Author(s):  
Danish Javed ◽  
Ashish Kumar Dixit ◽  
Himanshi Vats
Keyword(s):  
Therapeutic Potential ◽  
Case Reports ◽  
Sudden Increase ◽  
Medical Databases ◽  
Pulmonary Mucormycosis ◽  
Community Interest ◽  
Randomised Control Trials ◽  
Three Stages ◽  
Cutaneous Mucormycosis

Background and Objectives: Infection with COVID-19 has been linked to fungal diseases. The sudden increase in mucormycosis cases has sparked the scientific community interest. In this review, we attempted to investigate the role of Ayurveda and Homoeopathy in the treatment of mucormycosis. Methodology: The research was carried out in three stages; first step, studies on COVID-19 and mucormycosis were searched on various databases such as PubMed and Google Scholar until May 21, 2021, second step was to search authentic Ayurvedic and Homeopathic text books for the context of mucormycosis and symptoms were repertorised to find homeopathic medicines and finally, in the last step, findings were analysed and concluded in order to arrive at a factual solution. Result: We found total 16 search results from bio-medical databases of which 14 articles were included. Except source books, no studies with respect to Ayurveda and Homoeopathy were found in above databases. In Ayurveda, Rajyakshama and krimijshirorog has close similarity to COVID associated mucormycosis. Vrinhana, vata-pitta nashakmadhuraushadhi, gritpaan,dugdha, nasya, dhum, kawal, gandush, mriduvirechan may be beneficial along with immune boosting drugs like ashawagandha, giloya, tulsi, vidanga etc. Rhino-orbito-cerbral mucormycosis (ROCM) can be treated with Arsenic album, Kali bichromicum, and Merc solubilis, while pulmonary mucormycosis (PM) with Arsenic album, Phosphorus and Acalypha indica. Similarly, gastrointestinal mucormycosis (GM) and cutaneous mucormycosis (CM) can be combated with Arsenic album, Lachesis, Merc Corrosivus etc. and Anthracinum, Arsenic album, Lachesis, Sulphur, Secale cornutum, and so on in Homoeopathy. Conclusion: In the absence of rigorous trials, the review results found no conclusive comment on the efficacy of CAM in mucormycosis, but anecdotal evidence suggests in favour. To demonstrate its role, rigorous, exploratory, pilot, randomised control trials should be conducted in the future, either alone or as an add-on. Key words: COVID-19; Mucormycosis; Black Fungus; Post-COVID-19 care; Rehabilitation; Ayurveda; Homoeopathy.

What are the characteristics of first time older sexual offenders?

2017 ◽  
Vol 30 (5) ◽  
pp. 647-662 ◽  
Author(s):  
Joanne Chua ◽  
Gary Cheung ◽  
Susan Hatters Friedman ◽  
Sigourney Taylor
Keyword(s):  
Sex Offenders ◽  
Sexual Offenders ◽  
Selection Criteria ◽  
Case Reports ◽  
Neurocognitive Disorder ◽  
Cognitive Assessments ◽  
Research Papers ◽  
The Past ◽  
The Common ◽  
First Time

ABSTRACTBackground:Our objective was to examine and describe the common socio-demographic and clinical characteristics of first time older sex offenders.Methods:Research papers published in MEDLINE, PsycINFO, and EMBASE were searched systematically. Following removal of duplicates and irrelevant papers, a total of 423 papers were reviewed to determine whether the selection criteria were met. A total of seven publications were included and evaluated by two researchers.Results:Of the seven publications, there were two retrospective research studies and five case reports. There was a higher proportion of neurocognitive disorder in this offender group and the victims were usually vulnerable individuals. Yet, cognitive assessments were rarely done or reported. Two subtypes of older sex offenders were identified: (i) offenders who had offended in the past but were not previously detected; (ii) first-time offenders with a high proportion of neurocognitive disorder.Conclusion:There is a paucity of research in first time sex offending by older people. This review has highlighted a need for better designed studies to explore the characteristics of older sex offenders. Better collaboration between forensic and old-age psychiatric services is required for improved assessment and management of older sex offenders.

Dorsal Preservation Rhinoplasty: A Literature Review

2021 ◽  
pp. 074880682110658
Author(s):  
Mark R. Stevens ◽  
Shohreh Ghasemi ◽  
Fargol Mashhadi Akbar Boojar ◽  
Mahmood Dashti
Keyword(s):  
Search Strategy ◽  
Randomized Clinical Trials ◽  
Case Reports ◽  
Data Extraction ◽  
Experimental Studies ◽  
Underlying Structure ◽  
Medical Databases ◽  
Manual Search ◽  
Total Preservation

Acceptance of the preservation principle in rhinoplasty surgery has increased dramatically, and surgeons worldwide are now performing preservation rhinoplasty, leading to an expanding list of indications and techniques. Rhinoplasty surgeons are increasingly opting for rhinoplasty preservation because of its conservative approach and more predictable outcome. This review aims to evaluate the efficacy of dorsal preservation rhinoplasty, as well as the techniques, indications, surgical protocols, complications, and any practical challenges associated with this type of rhinoplasty. A number of medical databases, including Medline-PubMed, Embase, and Scopus, were searched. These searches were supplemented with a manual search using the keyword “preservation rhinoplasty” (PR) during the 1970 to May 2020 time span. The search strategy was limited to case reports, randomized clinical trials, and prospective studies of preservation dorsal rhinoplasty in journals published in English. A total of 150 articles that incorporated preservation dorsal rhinoplasty as a newer surgical technique were reviewed: 136 from PubMed, 17 experimental studies from Embase, 17 clinical studies from Scopus, and 8 studies identified by data extraction. Preservation rhinoplasty represents a paradigm shift in rhinoplasty philosophy. While techniques continue to improve, the philosophy remains the same: preserving and reshaping the existing nasal structures. Although not all patients benefit from and are satisfied with PR and some may only benefit from partial PR, preserving the anatomy allows for a more intuitive operation and natural results. For a more exhaustive review, readers are encouraged to turn their attention to dorsal preservation as a versatile and adaptable technique. Dorsal preservation avoids long-term issues with the middle vault and keystone area, and the patient benefits from total preservation, as the underlying structure can be reshaped without disruption.

Use of bovine carotid artery for buttonhole technique hemodialysis

2018 ◽  
Vol 19 (1) ◽  
pp. 89-91 ◽  
Author(s):  
Earl Schuman ◽  
Philip Alexander ◽  
Amy Ronfeld
Keyword(s):  
Carotid Artery ◽  
Selection Criteria ◽  
Case Reports ◽  
Biologic Graft ◽  
Artery Graft ◽  
Native Fistula

Purpose: Assess the feasibility of using a bovine carotid artery graft for buttonhole technique hemodialysis in patients who are not candidates for a native fistula. Methods: Case reports used to demonstrate selection criteria and results for this approach. Criteria include: knowledgeable patient with prior dialysis experience, stable graft in place for 3 months minimum, not a candidate for a native fistula, and able to maintain close follow-up. Results: Both grafts were based on axillary vessels and have been in place for a total of 64 months. They have been used for dialysis via buttonhole for a total of 40 months. There have been three procedures on these patients, post-buttonhole use (.87/year). There have been no infections. Conclusions: These patients were carefully selected based on desire, support, knowledge/experience and ability. Their success suggests that buttonhole technique for hemodialysis on a synthetic semi-biologic graft can be accomplished with morbidity and longevity similar to any graft using non-buttonhole needle access.

scholarly journals Clinical Characteristics, Genetic Findings and Arrhythmic Outcomes of Patients with Catecholaminergic Polymorphic Ventricular Tachycardia from China

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sharen Lee ◽  
Justin Leung ◽  
Jiandong Zhou ◽  
Kamalan Jeevaratnam ◽  
Ishan Lakhani ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Ventricular Tachycardia ◽  
Clinical Characteristics ◽  
Beta Blockers ◽  
Case Reports ◽  
Meta Analysis ◽  
Case Series ◽  
Catecholaminergic Polymorphic Ventricular Tachycardia ◽  
Systemic Review ◽  
Polymorphic Ventricular Tachycardia ◽  
Old Patients

Introduction: Catecholaminergic polymorphic ventricular tachycardia (CPVT) is a rare cardiac ion channelopathy. The aim of this study is to examine the genetic basis and identify predictive factors for arrhythmic outcomes of CPVT patients from China. Methods: PubMed and MedRxiv were systematically searched for case reports or case series reporting on CPVT patients from China. Clinical characteristics, genetic findings and primary outcome of spontaneous ventricular tachycardia/ventricular fibrillation (VT/VF) were analyzed. Results: A total of 56 (median presentation age=9 [6-13] years old) patients were included. All patients except for one presented at or before 19 years of age. Fifty-three patients (94.6%) were initially symptomatic. PVCs were present in 40 out of 45 patients (88.9%) and VT in 51 out of 56 patients (91.1%). Genetic tests were performed in 50 patients (89.3%). RyR2, CASQ2 and TERCL mutations were found in 32 (57.1%), 11 (19.6%) and one (0.02%) patients, respectively. Fifty patients were treated with beta-blockers, eight patients received flecainide, four patients received amiodarone, two received verapamil and one received propafenone. Sympathectomy (n=10) and implantable-cardioverter defibrillator implantation (n=7) were performed. On follow-up, 17 patients developed incident VT/VF. Conclusion: This is the first systemic review and meta-analysis of CPVT patients from China. Most patients had symptoms on initial presentation, and around a third had VT as the presenting complaint. RyR2 mutation accounts for more than half of the CPVT cases, followed by CASQ2 and TERCL mutations. Some of these mutations have not been hitherto reported outside of China. Most patients received β-blocker therapy. Around 18% had sympathectomy and 13% had ICDs implanted.

scholarly journals Bobble Head Doll Syndrome: what have we described in the scientific literature?

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Felipe dos Santos Souza ◽  
Alvaro Moreira Rivelli
Keyword(s):  
Systematic Review ◽  
Clinical Trials ◽  
Selection Criteria ◽  
Scientific Literature ◽  
Case Reports ◽  
Dorsomedial Nucleus ◽  
Specific Knowledge ◽  
Exclusion Criteria ◽  
The Third ◽  
Repetitive Movements

Introduction: The bobble head syndrome (BHDS) is described in the literature as a complex and rare syndrome with repetitive movements of the anteroposterior head. Furthermore, it is known that this movement disorder is due to the effect of pressure from the third dilated ventricle, which distorts the red dorsomedial nucleus and the dentatorubrotalamic pathways. Objective: to evaluate the number of studies on the syndrome and, added to the findings, describe the manifestations about the Bobble Head Doll Syndrome, elucidating the main neurological exams, treatments used and reported prognoses, in order to make it a potential diagnosis in children who present a compatible clinic. Methodology: a systematic review based on databases (SCIELO <LILACS and PUBMED), using the PRISMA method with the following descriptor: Bobble Head Doll Syndrome. The selection criteria included: studies made available in full, case reports, reviews and clinical trials. Exclusion criteria: articles not available in full, duplicates and works that only touched on the theme. Results: it was found in the scientific literature, PUBMED: 52 studies and SCIELO: 0. SCIELO: 2. Conclusions: the articles selected based on the established criteria showed a significant scientific scarcity around the Bobble Head Doll Syndrome. The dissemination of new studies and documentation of case reports is essential in understanding both the general syndrome and the specific knowledge of the procedures in which neurologists must take it. In this sense, the epidemiology is approximately between 2 and less than 5 years of age in children.

scholarly journals Incidence of Iron Deficiency and the Role of Intravenous Iron Use in Perioperative Periods

Medicina ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 56 (10) ◽  
pp. 528
Author(s):  
Mirela Țigliș ◽  
Tiberiu Paul Neagu ◽  
Andrei Niculae ◽  
Ioan Lascăr ◽  
Ioana Marina Grințescu
Keyword(s):  
Bone Marrow ◽  
Iron Deficiency ◽  
Case Reports ◽  
Transferrin Saturation ◽  
Intravenous Iron ◽  
Surgical Patients ◽  
Systemic Review ◽  
Mean Corpuscular Hemoglobin ◽  
Transfusion Rate ◽  
Parenteral Iron

Iron deficiency is a major problem in worldwide populations, being more alarming in surgical patients. In the presence of absolute iron deficiency (depletion of body iron), functional iron deficiency (during intense bone marrow stimulation by endogenous or exogenous factors), or iron sequestration (acute or chronic inflammatory conditions), iron-restricted erythropoiesis can develop. This systemic review was conducted to draw attention to the delicate problem of perioperative anemia, and to provide solutions to optimize the management of anemic surgical patients. Systemic reviews and meta-analyses, clinical studies and trials, case reports and international guidelines were studied, from a database of 50 articles. Bone marrow biopsy, serum ferritin levels, transferrin saturation, the mean corpuscular volume, and mean corpuscular hemoglobin concentration were used in the diagnosis of iron deficiency. There are various intravenous iron formulations, with different pharmacological profiles used for restoring iron. In surgical patients, anemia is an independent risk factor for morbidity and mortality. Therefore, anemia correction should be rapid, with parenteral iron formulations—the oral ones—being inefficient. Various studies showed the safety and efficacy of parenteral iron formulations in correcting hemoglobin levels and decreasing the blood transfusion rate, the overall mortality, the postoperative infections incidence, hospitalization days, and the general costs.

Thanatophoric Dysplasia: A Systemic Review of Case Reports

2017 ◽  
Vol 5 (2) ◽  
pp. 119-122
Author(s):  
Soumya Ranjan Panda ◽  
◽  
Mahendra Meena ◽  
Priya Sultania ◽  
Niranjana Prajapat ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Case Reports ◽  
Systemic Review ◽  
Thanatophoric Dysplasia

scholarly journals Aromatherapy for Managing Pain in Primary Dysmenorrhea: A Systematic Review of Randomized Placebo-Controlled Trials

2018 ◽  
Vol 7 (11) ◽  
pp. 434 ◽  
Author(s):  
Myeong Lee ◽  
Hye Lee ◽  
Mohamed Khalil ◽  
Hyun Lim ◽  
Hyun-Ja Lim
Keyword(s):  
Data Extraction ◽  
Pain Reduction ◽  
Systemic Review ◽  
Cochrane Library ◽  
Controlled Trials ◽  
Primary Dysmenorrhea ◽  
Level Of Evidence ◽  
Medical Databases ◽  
Standard Mean Difference ◽  
The Cochrane Library

Aromatherapy, the therapeutic use of essential oils, is often used to reduce pain in primary dysmenorrhea. Eleven databases, including four English (PubMed, AMED, EMBASE, and the Cochrane Library) and seven Korean medical databases, were searched from inception through August 2018 without restrictions on publication language. Randomized controlled trials (RCTs) testing aromatherapy for pain reduction in primary dysmenorrhea were considered. Data extraction and risk-of-bias assessments were performed by two independent reviewers. All of the trials reported superior effects of aromatherapy for pain reduction compared to placebo (n = 1787, standard mean difference (SMD): −0.91, 95% CI: −1.17 to −0.64, p < 0.00001) with high heterogeneity (I2 = 88%). A sub-analysis for inhalational aromatherapy for the alleviation of pain also showed superior effects compared to placebo (n = 704, SMD: −1.02, 95% CI: −1.59 to −0.44, p = 0.0001, I2 = 95%). With regard to aromatherapy massage, the pooled results of 11 studies showed favorable effects of aromatherapy massage on pain reduction compared to placebo aromatherapy massage (n = 793, SMD: −0.87, 95% CI: −1.14 to −0.60, p < 0.00001, I2 = 70%). Oral aromatherapy had superior effects compared to placebo (n = 290, SMD: −0.61, 95% CI: −0.91 to −0.30, p < 0.0001, I2 = 0%). In conclusion, our systemic review provides a moderate level of evidence on the superiority of aromatherapy (inhalational, massage, or oral use) for pain reduction over placebo in primary dysmenorrhea.

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