What are the characteristics of first time older sexual offenders?

2017 ◽  
Vol 30 (5) ◽  
pp. 647-662 ◽  
Author(s):  
Joanne Chua ◽  
Gary Cheung ◽  
Susan Hatters Friedman ◽  
Sigourney Taylor
Keyword(s):  
Sex Offenders ◽  
Sexual Offenders ◽  
Selection Criteria ◽  
Case Reports ◽  
Neurocognitive Disorder ◽  
Cognitive Assessments ◽  
Research Papers ◽  
The Past ◽  
The Common ◽  
First Time

ABSTRACTBackground:Our objective was to examine and describe the common socio-demographic and clinical characteristics of first time older sex offenders.Methods:Research papers published in MEDLINE, PsycINFO, and EMBASE were searched systematically. Following removal of duplicates and irrelevant papers, a total of 423 papers were reviewed to determine whether the selection criteria were met. A total of seven publications were included and evaluated by two researchers.Results:Of the seven publications, there were two retrospective research studies and five case reports. There was a higher proportion of neurocognitive disorder in this offender group and the victims were usually vulnerable individuals. Yet, cognitive assessments were rarely done or reported. Two subtypes of older sex offenders were identified: (i) offenders who had offended in the past but were not previously detected; (ii) first-time offenders with a high proportion of neurocognitive disorder.Conclusion:There is a paucity of research in first time sex offending by older people. This review has highlighted a need for better designed studies to explore the characteristics of older sex offenders. Better collaboration between forensic and old-age psychiatric services is required for improved assessment and management of older sex offenders.

scholarly journals Anti-libidinal medication among sex offenders: a descriptive study from a specialized outpatient unit in Bordeaux (France)

2018 ◽  
Author(s):  
Florent Cochez ◽  
Nicolas Thoumy ◽  
Jean-Philippe Cano
Keyword(s):  
Retrospective Study ◽  
Sex Offenders ◽  
Sexual Offenders ◽  
Descriptive Study ◽  
Pharmacological Therapy ◽  
The Past ◽  
Outpatient Unit ◽  
Court Ordered Treatment

Enhancements in the treatment of sexual offenders has been taking place for over four decades. The development of pharmacological therapy has helped to reduce the risk of re-offense and has demonstrated its utility in combination with psychotherapy. However further studies to demonstrate the efficacy of these therapies are required. We conducted a retrospective study in a unit that provides care for sexual offenders (court ordered treatment or voluntary treatment). Among the 224 patients at ERIOS over the past 15 years, we identified 23 patients who had received anti-libidinal treatment (ALM) at some point in their care. The results, obtained from only 22 informative files, indicate that 16 patients presented no notion of deviant fantasy or behavioral relapse under medication. This study also highlights the comorbidities and offers a perspective regarding the improvement in prescribing this type of pharmacological therapy.

Biology and Materials? Part I

MRS Bulletin ◽  
1992 ◽  
Vol 17 (10) ◽  
pp. 24-26 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mark Alper
Keyword(s):  
Molecular Basis ◽  
Materials Science ◽  
Vital Force ◽  
The Past ◽  
Biological Phenomena ◽  
Living Things ◽  
The Common ◽  
Living Organisms ◽  
Science Departments ◽  
First Time

Poets and philosophers have, through the ages, viewed organisms as the embodiment of the mysterious “Vital Force,” a unique non-earthly element required for the functioning of life processes.Biologists have seen, in living organisms, an adaptive, self-reproducing, evolving collection of molecules acting solely according to the laws of chemistry and physics.Historians speak of the iron or bronze ages and, more recently of the plastics (polymers) and the silicon ages. Materials science departments speak of metals, alloys, ceramics, and perhaps polymers—but not of genes.The “common man” has, it must be admitted, seen living organisms as a source of useful and important materials—wood for building; cotton, silk, and other fibers for textiles; horn, shell, and bone for tools and weapons; fats for lubricants; fur for clothingBut, in fact, few of us now think of materials when we think of living things. Neither do we think of DNA, protein, and carbohydrates when we think of materials.No, biologists have not been blackballed by materials scientists, chemists, and physicists. Until recently, they neither understood the processes by which life produces its materials nor even conceived of manipulating those processes to tailor the properties of the materials to our needs. Only within the past few years has the “biological revolution” expanded our understanding of the molecular basis for biological phenomena and our ability to control them. It is only now, for the first time, that one can point to a legitimate field of science based on mimicking, adapting, and controlling biological systems with the goal of producing novel materials with important, unique, and useful properties.

ON SOME FEATURES OF THE FORMATION OF THE ADYGHE LITERATURE

Kavkazologiya ◽  
2021 ◽  
pp. 194-207
Author(s):  
L.B. KHAVZHOKOVA ◽  
Keyword(s):  
20Th Century ◽  
Practical Application ◽  
Research Papers ◽  
Scientific Methods ◽  
Literary Process ◽  
History Of ◽  
General Scientific ◽  
The Common ◽  
First Time ◽  
Comprehensive Study

The article presents an overview study of the process of the origin and formation of the Adyghe (Kabardian, Circassian, Adygheyan) literatures, covering the period of the 19th – first half of the 20th century. The relevance of the topic is due to the need to clarify some points in the history of national literary literature, concerning the specifics of its formation, differentiation, periodization, etc. Here, for the first time, a comprehensive study of the common Adyghe literary process is carried out with an emphasis on the peculiarities of the development of the literatures of the Adyghe sub-ethnic groups. The purpose of the study is to recreate a holistic objective picture of the formation and primary development of the literature of an ethnic group. It is achieved by solving a set of tasks, including: defining the ideological and thematic orientation, studying the genre and style paradigm, identifying the specifics of the poetics of the Adygeyan literature of the period under consideration. A number of general scientific methods were involved in the study (generalization, analysis, synthesis, description). The results obtained can become a theoretical aid in the further study of the Kabardian, Circassian, Adygheyan literature. They can find practical application in the preparation of special courses, writing various kinds of research papers.

scholarly journals Intravenous Lipid Emulsion Therapy In Paediatric Poisoning

2019 ◽  
Vol 10 (1) ◽  
pp. 81-83
Author(s):  
Ammara Hameed ◽  
Sara Fatima ◽  
Tayyaba Hameed ◽  
Maryam Haider
Keyword(s):  
Lipid Emulsion ◽  
Tricyclic Antidepressants ◽  
Case Reports ◽  
Lipid Emulsions ◽  
Successful Management ◽  
The Past ◽  
Sequence Of Events ◽  
Paediatric Age ◽  
The Common

Lipid emulsions are traditionally used as a part of total or partial parenteral nutrition. However in the past few years role of lipid emulsions has been identified in the management of poisoning and overdose caused by the lipophilic agents. Although most of the evidence comes from the various case reports. We are reporting 2 cases of poisoning in the paediatric age group. In both the cases multiple poisoning agents were involved with tricyclic antidepressants being the common agent in either case. Lipid emulsion therapy was used as an adjunct in addition to the traditional poisoning management. Both the girls recovered completely without any neurological deficit. The sequence of events observed provides a considerable evidence regarding the role of ILE therapy in the successful management of both the cases. However more research is required in the area to develop definitive guidelines regarding the use of Intravenous lipid emulsions in paediatric poisoning caused by lipophilic agents.

Deep Sea Anarchy: Mining at the Frontiers of International Law

2015 ◽  
Vol 30 (3) ◽  
pp. 445-476 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jan-Stefan Fritz
Keyword(s):  
International Law ◽  
Deep Sea ◽  
Legal Framework ◽  
The Past ◽  
Common Heritage ◽  
Common Heritage Of Mankind ◽  
National Jurisdiction ◽  
The Common ◽  
First Time ◽  
Made In

For the first time, new sources of minerals are likely to be exploited in the deep seas in an area beyond national jurisdiction. Deep-sea mining encompasses the potential for cooperation and/or competition between the most technologically and economically advanced States and those aspiring to join this group. The community of States recognized this potential early on and signed new treaties, established new international institutions, and promised new levels of cooperation. Most importantly, they also set a standard according to which the exploration for and exploitation of these new resources are to be governed, namely in the context of the Common Heritage of Mankind. This article assesses what progress has been made in the past forty years on defining and implementing the Common Heritage of Mankind as a normative and legal framework for governing the exploration for and exploitation of marine minerals in the deep seas.

scholarly journals Female Portrait in Photography Art: from Authenticity to Modernity

2021 ◽  
Vol 4 (1) ◽  
pp. 84-96
Author(s):  
Svitlana Kotliar ◽  
Iryna Zaspa
Keyword(s):  
Theoretical Analysis ◽  
The Past ◽  
Female Beauty ◽  
History Of Development ◽  
Factors Influencing ◽  
History Of ◽  
The Common ◽  
Distinct Features ◽  
First Time

The purpose of the research is to analyze female photo portrait, the concept of female beauty in photography, the history of the origin and formation of female portrait in photography. Moreover, the aim was to trace the common and distinct features of a female portrait from the past to nowadays. It was decided to establish a role of female photo portrait in the art of photography, to prove its peculiarity and importance. The research methodology consists of the following parts: theoretical – analysis of the female beauty concept in the photo portrait, history of female portrait development in photography, empirical – study of relationships between female portraits of different times, comparative – comparison of modern and authentic portraits. In the course of cognitive synthesis and generalization of distinctive and similar features of female photo portraits of different times, special features of the female portrait were determined. Scientific novelty. For the first time, the history and formation of female photo portrait from authenticity to the nowadays were analyzed. The analysis was conducted based on photo portraits researches of different times. A detailed analysis of factors influencing the formation of this genre of photography was carried out. With the help of the theoretical analysis, the factors influencing the development of the female photo portrait were determined, its specifics and features were outlined. Conclusions. In the course of the article, we analyzed female portrait in photography and the concept of female beauty in different periods. With the help of the analysis of the history of development and formation of the female portrait photography genre, its role in the art of photography has been established. Peculiarities of female photo portrait as a genre of the art of photography were determined. Its peculiarity and importance have been proved. The factors influencing the concept of female beauty in photography, the development of female portrait and its features have been generalized.

scholarly journals Factors behind support for harsher punishments for common and uncommon offenders

2017 ◽  
Vol 16 (2) ◽  
pp. 55-63
Author(s):  
Marek Palasinski ◽  
Neil Shortland
Keyword(s):  
National Identity ◽  
Sex Offenders ◽  
Sexual Offenders ◽  
Public Awareness ◽  
Right Wing ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Right Wing Authoritarianism ◽  
The Public ◽  
Drug Traffickers ◽  
First Time

Purpose The purpose of this paper is to explore individual factors predicting support for harsher punishments for relatively common and uncommon serious offenders. Design/methodology/approach In Study 1, 120 UK participants (60 males and 60 females; mean age =37.31 SD=16.74) completed a survey exploring the extent to which they supported harsher punishments (SHP) for first time and repeat fraud, sexual and violent offenders. In Study 2, 131 participants (70 Britons and 61 Singaporeans; 69 females and 62 males; mean age=31.57; SD=10.87) completed a similar survey exploring their support for life sentence without the possibility of parole (SLSWP) for rather uncommon repeat offenders (i.e. drug traffickers, human traffickers, serious sexual offenders). Findings Study 1 found that right-wing authoritarianism (RWA) was an SHP predictor for first time and repeat fraud, violent and sex offenders. Study 2 found that national identity (i.e. how British or Singaporean participants felt) played a similar role to Study 1’s RWA in being a positive SLSWP predictor for repeat human traffickers and drug traffickers of both sexes, as well as male sex offenders. In contrast to the hypothesis, however, participants’ locations did not appear to play a statistically significant role. Research limitations/implications This survey-based research reveals a nuanced and quite consistent picture that could benefit from the inclusion of socio-economic factors and other cross-cultural comparisons. Practical implications The key message from this study is to inform the public on the role that right-wing authoritarianism and national identity play in their SHP and SLSWP. Social implications It is vital to increase the legislators’ and the public awareness of the role that national identity and RWA seem to play. Originality/value The paper offers insight into factors behind people’s punitive attitudes towards specific crimes regardless of geo-cultural location.

scholarly journals THE COMMON AND THE UNIQUE:THE ROCK ART OF THE WHITE SEA

2019 ◽  
Author(s):  
Л. Яник
Keyword(s):  
White Sea ◽  
Rock Art ◽  
Northern Europe ◽  
The White Sea ◽  
The Past ◽  
Early Evidence ◽  
Number Of Factors ◽  
Sea Mammals ◽  
The Common ◽  
First Time

Основываясь на представлениях об общности и уникальности, автор статьи утверждает, что наскальное искусство Белого моря, имея много общего с наскальным искусством Северной Европы в целом, в то же время обладает уникальными качествами. Петроглифы Белого моря, которые создавались в период примерно между 5625 и 3666 лет назад представителями сообществ присвающего хозяйства, предоставляют нам возможность заглянуть в прошлое. Первыми в истории человечества эти изображения дают осязаемую информацию об охоте на морских млекопитающих с помощью гарпунов и поплавков. Кроме того, на скалах Беломорья представлены самые ранние изображения лыжников они показывают, что охота на лыжах представляла собой активный процесс перемещения в ландшафте. By employing the concepts of commonality and uniqueness, this paper argues that the rock art the White Sea White while sharing a number of factors with other Northern Europe rock art has unique qualities. The White Sea petroglyphs were created between c. 5625 and c. 3666 years ago by food procuring communities give us a window on the past. For the first time in human history these images provide us with a tangible record of hunting for sea mammals with harpoon and float, providing early evidence for deep-sea exploitation. Furthermore, these petroglyphs provide the earliest depictions of humans on skis and show how hunting on skis took place as an active process of moving in the landscape.

The Neuropsychological Function of Older First-Time Child Exploitation Material Offenders: A Pilot Study

2017 ◽  
Vol 62 (8) ◽  
pp. 2357-2373 ◽  
Author(s):  
Marcelo Rodriguez ◽  
Andrew Ellis
Keyword(s):  
Pilot Study ◽  
Sex Offenders ◽  
Normative Data ◽  
Neuropsychological Performance ◽  
Neurocognitive Disorder ◽  
Neuropsychological Function ◽  
Intellectual Function ◽  
High Incidence ◽  
Child Exploitation ◽  
First Time

Despite the growing incidence of child exploitation offences, there is little knowledge of the neuropsychological function of older child exploitation material offenders (CEMOs). Given that studies have reported that sex offenders demonstrate deficits attributed to frontal and temporal lobe function, the aim of this pilot study was to investigate the frontotemporal function of older first-time child exploitation material offenders (FTCEMOs). The neuropsychological performance of 11 older FTCEMOs was compared with 34 older historical sex offenders (HSOs) and 32 older nonsex offender (NSO) controls. Forty-five percent of FTCEMOs admitted to a pedophilic interest, which was significantly lower than those reported by HSOs. FTCEMOs provided significantly higher intellectual function scores than HSOs. Results revealed no evidence of mild or major neurocognitive disorder in FTCEMOs. Although the groups were not significantly different, compared with normative data, FTCEMOs reported a high incidence of impairment on a measure of decision making and on a measure of facial emotional recognition.

Future Directions in the Assessment and Treatment of Sexual Offenders

1997 ◽  
Vol 14 (4) ◽  
pp. 215-225
Author(s):  
Tony Ward ◽  
Stephen M. Hudson
Keyword(s):  
Sex Offenders ◽  
Sexual Offenders ◽  
Social Problem ◽  
Problem Behaviour ◽  
Sexual Offences ◽  
Future Directions ◽  
The Past ◽  
Financial Costs ◽  
Assessment And Treatment ◽  
Women And Children

Sexual offences against women and children constitute a serious and distressingly prevalent social problem. The psychological and emotional costs to victims and their families, the high reoffending rates of some types of offenders, and the financial costs of incarceration all highlight the urgent need for effective research and treatment of this problem behaviour. In the past two decades, a number of innovations have led to improved treatment of these difficult men. In addition, theories and models have been developed with the aim of furthering our understanding of sex offenders. In this paper we identify a number of issues within the broad areas of assessment and treatment that we believe to be problematic, and make some suggestions about ways of resolving these problems in the future.

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