scholarly journals Effects of dietary protein quality on energy metabolism and thyroid hormone Status in growing pigs

2000 ◽  
Vol 43 (6) ◽  
pp. 633-648 ◽  
Author(s):  
E. Saggau ◽  
M. Beyer ◽  
M. Klein ◽  
R. Schadereit ◽  
M. Derno ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Thyroid Hormone ◽  
Soy Protein ◽  
Dietary Protein ◽  
Protein Quality ◽  
Soy Protein Isolate ◽  
Protein Isolate ◽  
Growing Pigs ◽  
Hormone Status ◽  
Energy Retention ◽  
Protein Supply

Abstract. To estimate long-term effects of dietary protein quality on energy metabolism and thyroid hormone Status in growing pigs two experiments were carried out, each using 6 growing German Landrace barrows (40 to 90 kg body weight (BW)) per treatment group, which were fed semisynthetic isoenergetic diets based on either casein or soy protein isolate at 1875 kJ ME/(kg BW0,62 x d). Casein was tested with (CAS+) amino acid (AA) supplementation (methionine + cystine, threonine, tryptophane) and soy protein isolate was tested without (SPI-) AA supplementation at the recommended protein supply of 100% (normal protein level (NP)) and at a protein supply of 50% of NP. During experiments pigs were housed individually in metabolic cages at 23 ± 1 °C. At both protein supply levels, SP1- in comparison to CAS+ caused a lower protein energy retention (PER), which was compensated mainly by an increased fat energy retention (FER). The reduction of the protein supply to 50% caused a lower PER by 30 to 50% in both dietary qualities, which was compensated by a significantly higher FER. However, the heat production (HP) was neither affected by the protein quality nor by the quantity, and resulted in nearly similar values of 60% of ME intake. The thyroid hormone concentrations were dependent primarily on the amount of protein supply, and after decrease of supply to 50% secondly on the dietary protein quality. The increased thyroid hormone concentrations at the 50% protein level were in euthyroid range of pigs and obviously not associated with HP.

Short Term Effects on Bone Quality Associated with Consumption of Soy Protein Isolate and Other Dietary Protein Sources in Rapidly Growing Female Rats

2008 ◽  
Vol 233 (11) ◽  
pp. 1348-1358 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jin-Ran Chen ◽  
Rohit Singhal ◽  
Oxana P. Lazarenko ◽  
Xiaoli Liu ◽  
William R. Hogue ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Gene Expression ◽  
Bone Quality ◽  
Soy Protein ◽  
Dietary Protein ◽  
Soy Protein Isolate ◽  
Protein Isolate ◽  
Female Rats ◽  
Protein Sources ◽  
Positive Effects ◽  
Ovx Rats

Beneficial effects of soy protein consumption on bone quality have been reported. The effects of other dietary protein sources such as whey protein hydrolysate (WPH) and rice protein isolate (RPI) on bone growth have been less well examined. The current study compared effects of feeding soy protein isolate (SPI), WPH and RPI for 14 d on tibial bone mineral density (BMD) and bone mineral content (BMC) in intact and ovariectomized (OVX) rapidly growing female rats relative to animals fed casein (CAS). The effects of estrogenic status on responses to SPI were also explored. Tibial peripheral quantitative computerized tomography (pQCT) showed all three protein sources had positive effects on either BMD or BMC relative to CAS ( P < 0.05), but SPI had greater effects in both intact and OVX female rats. SPI and E2 had positive effects on BMD and BMC in OVX rats ( P < 0.05). However, trabecular BMD was lower in a SPI + E2 group compared to a CAS + E2 group. In OVX rats, SPI increased serum bone formation markers, and serum from SPI-fed rats stimulated osteoblastogenesis in ex vivo. SPI also suppressed the bone resorption marker RatLaps ( P < 0.05). Both SPI and E2 increased alkaline phosphatase gene expression in bone, but only SPI decreased receptor activator of nuclear factor-κB ligand (RANKL) and estrogen receptor gene expression ( P < 0.05). These data suggest beneficial bone effects of a soy diet in rapidly growing animals and the potential for early soy consumption to increase peak bone mass.

scholarly journals Dietary Soy Protein Isolate Attenuates Intestinal Immunoglobulin and Mucin Expression in Young Mice Compared with Casein

Nutrients ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 12 (9) ◽  
pp. 2739
Author(s):  
Bin Zeng ◽  
Dongyang Wang ◽  
Hailong Wang ◽  
Ting Chen ◽  
Junyi Luo ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Soy Protein ◽  
Dietary Protein ◽  
Transforming Growth Factor ◽  
Soy Protein Isolate ◽  
Protein Isolate ◽  
Janus Kinase ◽  
Mucin Production ◽  
Protein Sources ◽  
Gut Barrier Function ◽  
Mucin Expression

Dietary protein sources have profound effects on children and young animals, and are important for the gut barrier function and immune resilience. Milk and soy are the main sources of protein for children and young animals after weaning. The objective of this study was to compare the effects of dairy and soy proteins on the intestinal barrier in early development. Weanling C57BL/6 mice were fed AIN-93G diets prepared with casein or soy protein isolate (SPI) for 21 days. Compared with those fed with the casein diet, mice fed with the SPI diet did not change their body weight and organ coefficients, but increased their feed intake and ratio of feed to gain. SPI lowered the level of luminal secretory immunoglobulin A (SIgA) and downregulated the levels of IL-4, IL-13, polymeric immunoglobulin receptor (Pigr), Janus kinase 1 (Jak1), signal transducer and activator of transcription 6 (Stat6), and transforming growth factor-β (Tgfb) in the mouse ileum. Western blotting of ileal proteins confirmed that SPI suppressed the activation of the JAK1/STAT6 signaling pathway. Furthermore, SPI attenuated intestinal mucin production, as demonstrated by the decreased numbers of intestinal goblet cells and the reduced relative expression levels of mucin 1 (Muc1), mucin 2 (Muc2), trefoil factor 3 (Tff3), glucose-regulated protein 94 (Grp94), and anterior gradient homolog 2 (Agr2). The results indicated that the SPI diet could attenuate mouse intestinal immunity, as demonstrated by decreased SIgA and mucin production in the intestine. Therefore, we suggest that our findings should be of consideration when SPI or casein are used as dietary protein sources.

scholarly journals Soy Protein Isolate Increases Hepatic Thyroid Hormone Receptor Content and Inhibits Its Binding to Target Genes in Rats

2005 ◽  
Vol 135 (7) ◽  
pp. 1631-1635 ◽  
Author(s):  
Wenxin Huang ◽  
Carla Wood ◽  
Mary R. L'Abbé ◽  
G. Sarwar Gilani ◽  
Kevin A. Cockell ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Thyroid Hormone ◽  
Soy Protein ◽  
Hormone Receptor ◽  
Target Genes ◽  
Thyroid Hormone Receptor ◽  
Soy Protein Isolate ◽  
Protein Isolate

scholarly journals Dietary Soy Protein Isolate and Isoflavones Modulate Hepatic Thyroid Hormone Receptors in Rats

2004 ◽  
Vol 134 (4) ◽  
pp. 743-749 ◽  
Author(s):  
Chao Wu Xiao ◽  
Mary R. L'Abbé ◽  
G. Sarwar Gilani ◽  
Gerard M. Cooke ◽  
Ivan H. Curran ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Thyroid Hormone ◽  
Soy Protein ◽  
Hormone Receptors ◽  
Soy Protein Isolate ◽  
Protein Isolate ◽  
Thyroid Hormone Receptors

scholarly journals Rheology and Water Absorption Properties of Alginate–Soy Protein Composites

Polymers ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 13 (11) ◽  
pp. 1807
Author(s):  
Estefanía Álvarez-Castillo ◽  
José Manuel Aguilar ◽  
Carlos Bengoechea ◽  
María Luisa López-Castejón ◽  
Antonio Guerrero
Keyword(s):  
Soy Protein ◽  
Water Solubility ◽  
Divalent Cations ◽  
Low Cost ◽  
Soy Protein Isolate ◽  
Protein Isolate ◽  
Guluronic Acid ◽  
Wide Range ◽  
Anionic Polysaccharides ◽  
Porous Matrices

Composite materials based on proteins and carbohydrates normally offer improved water solubility, biodegradability, and biocompatibility, which make them attractive for a wide range of applications. Soy protein isolate (SPI) has shown superabsorbent properties that are useful in fields such as agriculture. Alginate salts (ALG) are linear anionic polysaccharides obtained at a low cost from brown algae, displaying a good enough biocompatibility to be considered for medical applications. As alginates are quite hydrophilic, the exchange of ions from guluronic acid present in its molecular structure with divalent cations, particularly Ca2+, may induce its gelation, which would inhibit its solubilization in water. Both biopolymers SPI and ALG were used to produce composites through injection moulding using glycerol (Gly) as a plasticizer. Different biopolymer/plasticizer ratios were employed, and the SPI/ALG ratio within the biopolymer fraction was also varied. Furthermore, composites were immersed in different CaCl2 solutions to inhibit the amount of soluble matter loss and to enhance the mechanical properties of the resulting porous matrices. The main goal of the present work was the development and characterization of green porous matrices with inhibited solubility thanks to the gelation of alginate.

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