scholarly journals Supplementary material to "Meteorological effects on PM<sub>2.5</sub> change over a receptor region in regional transport of air pollutants: observational study of recent year emission reduction in central China"

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Xiaoyun Sun ◽  
Tianliang Zhao ◽  
Yongqing Bai ◽  
Shaofei Kong ◽  
Huang Zheng ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Observational Study ◽  
Air Pollutants ◽  
Emission Reduction ◽  
Central China ◽  
Regional Transport ◽  
Supplementary Material ◽  
Meteorological Effects

scholarly journals Meteorological effects on PM<sub>2.5</sub> change over a receptor region in regional transport of air pollutants: observational study of recent year emission reduction in central China

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Xiaoyun Sun ◽  
Tianliang Zhao ◽  
Yongqing Bai ◽  
Shaofei Kong ◽  
Huang Zheng ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Air Pollution ◽  
Air Pollutants ◽  
Emission Reduction ◽  
Central China ◽  
Atmospheric Environment ◽  
Anthropogenic Emissions ◽  
Short Term ◽  
Regional Transport ◽  
Conversion Efficiencies

Abstract. As an important issue in atmospheric environment, the contributions of anthropogenic emissions and meteorological conditions to air pollution have been few assessed over the receptor region in regional transport of air pollutants. In this study on observations of environment and meteorology over 2015–2019, the Kolmogorov–Zurbenko (KZ) filter was performed to decompose the PM2.5 variations into multi-time scale components over the Twain-Hu Basin (THB), a receptor region in regional transport of air pollutants in central China, where the short-term, seasonal and long-term components accounted for respectively 47.5 %, 41.4 % and 3.7 % to daily PM2.5 changes. The short-term and seasonal components dominated the day-to-day PM2.5 variations with long-term component determining the change trend of PM2.5 concentrations over recent years. The emission- and meteorology-related long-term PM2.5 components over the THB were identified. The meteorological contribution to PM2.5 declining trend presented the distinct spatial pattern over the THB with northern positive rates up to 61.92 % and southern negative rates down to −24.93 %. The opposite effects of meteorology on PM2.5 pollution could accelerate and offset the effects of emission reductions in the northern and southern THB, which is attributed to the upwind diffusion and downward accumulation of air pollutants over the receptor region in regional PM2.5 transport. It is noteworthy that the increasing conversion efficiencies of SO2 and NO2 to sulfate and nitrate for secondary PM2.5 could offset the effects of PM2.5 emission reduction on air pollution in the THB during recent years, revealing the enhancing contribution of gaseous precursor emissions to PM2.5 concentrations with controlling anthropogenic emissions of PM2.5 and the gaseous precursors over the receptor region in regional transport of air pollutants.

scholarly journals What Factors Drive Air Pollutants in China? An Analysis from the Perspective of Regional Difference Using a Combined Method of Production Decomposition Analysis and Logarithmic Mean Divisia Index

2019 ◽  
Vol 11 (17) ◽  
pp. 4650 ◽  
Author(s):  
Xu ◽  
Miao ◽  
Li ◽  
Zhou ◽  
Ma ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Air Pollutants ◽  
Emission Reduction ◽  
Northeast China ◽  
Decomposition Analysis ◽  
Inhibitory Effect ◽  
Central China ◽  
Substitution Effects ◽  
Logarithmic Mean ◽  
Energy Substitution ◽  
Technology Improvement

Air pollution in China attracts the world’s attention, so it is important to study its driving factors for air pollutants. The combined Production Decomposition Analysis and Logarithmic Mean Divisia Index (PDA–LMDI) model is applied to construct a regional contribution index in this study to explore the regional differences in factors affecting sulfur dioxide (SO2), nitrogen oxides (NOx), and particulate matter with diameter not greater than 2.5 µm (PM2.5) from 2005 to 2015 in China. The regional emission coefficient had a great inhibitory effect, which reduced SO2, NOx, and PM2.5 by 25,364.9, 10,449.3, and 11,295.3 kilotons (kt) from 2005 to 2015, respectively. For this inhibitory effect, the degree to emission reduction was great for North and East China, followed by South and Central China, and small for Southwest. Northwest. and Northeast China. The regional technical efficiency, technology improvement, capital-energy substitution and labor-energy substitution effects each reduced SO2, NOx, and PM2.5 by about 3500, 3100, and 1500 kt from 2005 to 2015, respectively. For the regional technical efficiency and technology improvement effects, the degree to emission reduction was great in East and Central China, and small in South Northwest and Northeast China. For the regional capital- and labor-energy substitution effects, the degree of emission reduction was great for North East and Central China, and small for Northwest and South China. The regional output proportion effect increased SO2, NOx, and PM2.5 by 1211.2, 320.1, and 277.8 kt from 2005 to 2015, respectively. The national economic growth had a relatively great promoting effect and increased SO2, NOx, and PM2.5 by 26,445.5, 23,827.5, and 11,925.5 kt from 2005 to 2015, respectively. Each region should formulate relevant policies and measures for emission reduction according to local conditions.

scholarly journals A physical modeling approach for identification of source regions of primary and secondary air pollutants

2006 ◽  
Vol 6 (4) ◽  
pp. 6467-6496 ◽  
Author(s):  
J. C. F. Lo ◽  
A. K. H. Lau ◽  
Z. B. Yuan ◽  
J. C. H. Fung ◽  
F. Chen
Keyword(s):  
Hong Kong ◽  
Air Pollutants ◽  
Power Plants ◽  
Three Dimensional ◽  
Air Pollutant ◽  
Regional Transport ◽  
Meteorological Model ◽  
Secondary Air Pollutants ◽  
Secondary Air ◽  
The Pearl River

Abstract. This paper describes a simple but practical methodology to identify the contribution of primary and secondary air pollutants from the local/regional emission sources to Hong Kong, a highly urbanized city with complex terrain and coastlines. The meteorological model MM5 coupled with a three-dimensional, mutli-particle trajectory model is used to identify salient aspects of regional air pollutant transport characteristics during some typical meteorological conditions over the Pearl River Delta (PRD) region. Several weighting factors are determined for calculating the air mass/pollutant trajectory and are used to evaluate the local and regional contribution of primary pollutants over the PRD to Hong Kong pollution. The relationships between emission inventories, physical paths and chemical transformation rates of the pollutants, and observational measurements are formulated. The local and regional contributions of secondary pollutants are obtained by this conceptual module under different weather scenarios. Our results demonstrate that major pollution sources over Hong Kong come from regional transport. In calm-weather situations, 78% of the respirable suspended particulates (RSP) totals in Hong Kong are contributed by regional transport, and 49% are contributed by the power plants within the PRD. In normal-day situations, 71% of the RSP are contributed by regional transport, and 45% are contributed by the power plants.

scholarly journals Associations between COVID-19 Incidence Rates and the Exposure to PM2.5 and NO2: A Nationwide Observational Study in Italy

2020 ◽  
Vol 17 (24) ◽  
pp. 9318
Author(s):  
Fabiana Fiasca ◽  
Mauro Minelli ◽  
Dominga Maio ◽  
Martina Minelli ◽  
Ilaria Vergallo ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Population Density ◽  
Observational Study ◽  
Air Pollutants ◽  
Regression Models ◽  
Positive Relationship ◽  
The Elderly ◽  
Incidence Rates ◽  
Multiple Factors ◽  
Epidemic Period ◽  
Nationwide Observational Study

The COVID-19 outbreak disproportionately affected the elderly and areas with higher population density. Among the multiple factors possibly involved, a role for air pollution has also been hypothesized. This nationwide observational study demonstrated the significant positive relationship between COVID-19 incidence rates and PM2.5 and NO2 levels in Italy, both considering the period 2016–2020 and the months of the epidemic, through univariate regression models, after logarithmic transformation of the variables, as the data were not normally distributed. That relationship was confirmed by a multivariate analysis showing the combined effect of the two pollutants, adjusted for the old-age index and population density. An increase in PM2.5 and NO2 concentrations by one unit (1 µg/m3) corresponded to an increase in incidence rates of 1.56 and 1.24 × 104 people, respectively, taking into account the average levels of air pollutants in the period 2016–2020, and 2.79 and 1.24 × 104 people during March–May 2020. Considering the entire epidemic period (March–October 2020), these increases were 1.05 and 1.01 × 104 people, respectively, and could explain 59% of the variance in COVID-19 incidence rates (R2 = 0.59). This evidence could support the implementation of targeted responses by focusing on areas with low air quality to mitigate the spread of the disease.

Regional transport in Beijing-Tianjin-Hebei region and its changes during 2014–2017: The impacts of meteorology and emission reduction

2020 ◽  
Vol 737 ◽  
pp. 139792 ◽  
Author(s):  
Zhaoxin Dong ◽  
Shuxiao Wang ◽  
Jia Xing ◽  
Xing Chang ◽  
Dian Ding ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Emission Reduction ◽  
Regional Transport
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