scholarly journals Level 1b error budget for MIPAS on ENVISAT

2018 ◽  
Vol 11 (10) ◽  
pp. 5657-5672 ◽  
Author(s):  
Anne Kleinert ◽  
Manfred Birk ◽  
Gaétan Perron ◽  
Georg Wagner
Keyword(s):  
Michelson Interferometer ◽  
Temporal Correlation ◽  
Line Of Sight ◽  
Atmospheric Parameters ◽  
Error Sources ◽  
Error Budget ◽  
Infrared Spectral ◽  
The Impact ◽  
Better Than

Abstract. The Michelson Interferometer for Passive Atmospheric Sounding (MIPAS) is a Fourier transform spectrometer measuring the radiance emitted from the atmosphere in limb geometry in the thermal infrared spectral region. It was operated onboard the ENVISAT satellite from 2002 to 2012. Calibrated and geolocated spectra, the so-called level 1b data, are the basis for the retrieval of atmospheric parameters. In this paper we present the error budget for the level 1b data of the most recent data version 8 in terms of radiometric, spectral, and line of sight accuracy. The major changes of version 8 compared to older versions are also described. The impact of the different error sources on the spectra is characterized in terms of spectral, vertical, and temporal correlation because these correlations have an impact on the quality of the retrieved quantities. The radiometric error is in the order of 1 % to 2.4 %, the spectral accuracy is better than 0.3 ppm, and the line of sight accuracy at the tangent point is around 400 m. All errors are well within the requirements, and the achieved accuracy allows atmospheric parameters to be retrieved from the measurements with high quality.

scholarly journals Level 1b error budget for MIPAS on ENVISAT

2018 ◽  
Author(s):  
Anne Kleinert ◽  
Manfred Birk ◽  
Gaetan Perron ◽  
Georg Wagner
Keyword(s):  
Michelson Interferometer ◽  
Temporal Correlation ◽  
Line Of Sight ◽  
Atmospheric Parameters ◽  
Error Sources ◽  
Error Budget ◽  
Infrared Spectral ◽  
The Impact ◽  
Better Than

Abstract. The Michelson Interferometer for Passive Atmospheric Sounding (MIPAS) is a Fourier Transform Spectrometer measuring the radiance emitted from the atmosphere in limb geometry in the thermal infrared spectral region. It was operated on-board the ENVISAT satellite from 2002 to 2012. Calibrated and geolocated spectra, the so-called level 1b data, are the basis for the retrieval of atmospheric parameters. In this paper we present the error budget for the level 1b data of the most recent data version 8 in terms of radiometric, spectral and line of sight accuracy. The major changes of version 8 compared to older versions are also described. The impact of the different error sources on the spectra is characterized in terms of spectral, vertical and temporal correlation, because these correlations have an impact on the quality of the retrieved quantities. The radiometric error is in the order of 1 to 2.4 %, the spectral accuracy is better than 0.3 ppm, and the line of sight accuracy at the tangent point is around 400 m. All errors are well within the requirements and the achieved accuracy allows to retrieve atmospheric parameters from the measurements with high quality.

The Impact of Between-Wave Engagement Strategies on Response to a Longitudinal Survey

2015 ◽  
Vol 57 (4) ◽  
pp. 533-554 ◽  
Author(s):  
Andrew Cleary ◽  
Nigel Balmer
Keyword(s):  
Longitudinal Survey ◽  
Longitudinal Surveys ◽  
Face To Face ◽  
Participant Engagement ◽  
Engagement Strategies ◽  
Design Attributes ◽  
New Research ◽  
The Impact ◽  
Better Than

Maintaining participant engagement in longitudinal surveys has been a key focus of survey research, and has implications for the quality of response and cost of administration. This paper presents new research measuring the impact of the design of between-wave keeping-in-touch mailings on response to the mailing and subsequent wave of a longitudinal survey. Three design attributes of the mailings were randomly implemented: the form of response request (whether respondents were asked to respond only if their address had changed, or in all cases to confirm or update their address); the newsletter included with the mailing (contrasting a newsletter with content tailored to respondent characteristics with a general newsletter and no newsletter); and the outgoing postage used (stamped or franked). The experiments were fielded on a new longitudinal study, the English and Welsh Civil and Social Justice Panel Survey (CSJPS), and took place between waves one and two. Fieldwork for both waves was conducted by Ipsos MORI face-to-face interviewers. Our main finding was that the tailored newsletter was associated with a significant increase in the wave-two response rate. However, in relation to response to the request, the tailored newsletter, or sending no newsletter at all, were equally effective at inducing response, and significantly better than the general newsletter. We also found that, in relation to the form of request, the ‘change of address’ request was as effective as the more costly ‘confirmation’ request. Findings are discussed with reference to the design of keeping-in-touch mailings for longitudinal surveys.

scholarly journals The Influence of Rooting Substrate and Growth Regulators Indol butyric Acid and Naphthalene Acetic Acid in the Number and Length of Adventitious Roots to Hardwood Cuttings in Blueberry cv. ‘Bluecrop’ (Vaccinium corymbosum L.)

2016 ◽  
Vol 4 (4) ◽  
pp. 28
Author(s):  
Sabri Braha ◽  
Petrit Rama
Keyword(s):  
Growth Regulators ◽  
Growing Season ◽  
Vaccinium Corymbosum ◽  
Naphthalene Acetic Acid ◽  
Important Variation ◽  
Physiological Processes ◽  
One Year ◽  
The Impact ◽  
Better Than

The purpose of this research is to determine the impact of the turf-only substrate and turf–perlite in the ratio 2:1 and of growth regulators in the quality of adventive roots ( the number and length) of well lignified one-year old branches without fruit buds in the Bluecrop cultivar (Vaccinium corymbosum L.) taken at the end of the latent period before budding at the February 15 th during the -2015 growing season. In order to support the increase of the number of roots and their length the hardwood cuttings are treated with different IBA and NAA concentrations (1500, 3000, 4500 ppm), while a part of cuttings were untreated control. The number and the length of roots have increased in relation to the increase of concentration from 1500 to 3000 ppm followed by a decline of these values in concentrations over 3000 ppm. Respectively, the number of roots (8) and the higher values of root length (4.6 cm) are achieved in the turf–perlite substrate, IBA 3000 ppm (compared to the turf-only substrate). The presence of perlite helps the aeration of the substrate and supports biochemical and physiological processes which lead to the inducing of adventive roots. Regarding the number and length of roots an important variation for (p<0.05) was observed between different concentrations of IBA and NAA. In general the effect of IBA was a lot better than the effect of NAA.

scholarly journals Satellite Measurement of Stratospheric Winds and Ozone Using Doppler Michelson Interferometry. Part I: Instrument Model and Measurement Simulation

2006 ◽  
Vol 23 (6) ◽  
pp. 753-769 ◽  
Author(s):  
Peyman Rahnama ◽  
Yves J. Rochon ◽  
Ian C. McDade ◽  
Gordon G. Shepherd ◽  
William A. Gault ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Michelson Interferometer ◽  
Line Of Sight ◽  
Satellite Measurement ◽  
Noise Levels ◽  
Transport Studies ◽  
Stratospheric Wind ◽  
Design Characteristics ◽  
Vibration Rotation ◽  
Related Line ◽  
The Impact

Abstract This paper presents an instrument model and observation simulations for the measurement of stratospheric winds and ozone concentration using a satellite instrument employing imaging and the Doppler Michelson interferometery technique. The measurement technique and instrument concept are described. The instrument model and simulations are based on initial design characteristics of the Canadian Stratospheric Wind Interferometer for Transport Studies (SWIFT) satellite instrument. SWIFT employs an imaging array and a field-widened Michelson interferometer. It will measure stratospheric winds and ozone densities using the wind-induced phase shifts of interferograms from atmospheric limb radiance spectra in the vicinity of the vibration–rotation ozone line at 1133.4335 cm−1. The measurement simulation and analysis tools have been developed to assess the SWIFT instrument performance and to evaluate the impact of instrument and measurement characteristics on expected wind and ozone errors. Sample results of the measurement simulation and the related line-of-sight wind error noise levels are presented.

scholarly journals Metode Pembelajaran “Make A Match” Dan Pengaruhnya Terhadap Hasil Belajar IPA

2018 ◽  
Vol 5 (1) ◽  
pp. 37
Author(s):  
Rina Hidayati Pratiwi
Keyword(s):  
Random Sampling ◽  
Simple Random Sampling ◽  
Quality Of Education ◽  
Average Score ◽  
Homogeneity Test ◽  
Teaching Activities ◽  
Study Results ◽  
The Impact ◽  
Better Than

<p>Almost of unspecifically studying methods have been applied teacher for teaching activities. That methods have effected unefficiency for knowledge transferring to student. That is the reason how we need studying methods that efficient, creative and innovative. The purpose of this study is for knowing the studying methods  “Make A Match” and how the impact to result study specifically for natural science. We use purpose sampling technics to definite research class and simple random sampling to definite part of sample of each class. The average score of experiment class are higher than control class. The different of both class is three point with normal distribution for each class and from homogeneity test showed that F hit = 1,163. Both of them have homogeneous varians. The average point of experiment class are higher than control class too. T-test showed  t hit &gt; t table (3,614 &gt; 1,69). Thus, the studying methods  “Make a Match” could raised the study results better than conventional methods. As the result, the quality of education can be more improved agree with contain and the purpose of studying in the school.</p>

Friendships and Social Interactions of School-Aged Children With Migraine

Cephalalgia ◽  
2008 ◽  
Vol 28 (7) ◽  
pp. 734-743 ◽  
Author(s):  
K Vannatta ◽  
EA Getzoff ◽  
DK Gilman ◽  
RB Noll ◽  
CA Gerhardt ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Social Functioning ◽  
Older Children ◽  
School Students ◽  
School Aged Children ◽  
School Based ◽  
Behavioural Difficulties ◽  
The Social ◽  
The Impact ◽  
Better Than

We set out to evaluate the friendships and social behaviour of school-aged children with migraine. Concern exists regarding the impact of paediatric migraine on daily activities and quality of life. We hypothesized that children with migraine would have fewer friends and be identified as more socially sensitive and isolated than comparison peers. Sixty-nine children with migraine participated in a school-based study of social functioning. A comparison sample without migraine included classmates matched for gender, race and age. Children with migraine had fewer friends at school; however, this effect was limited to those in elementary school. Behavioural difficulties were not found. Middle-school students with migraine were identified by peers as displaying higher levels of leadership and popularity than comparison peers. Concern may be warranted about the social functioning of pre-adolescent children with migraine; however, older children with migraine may function as well as or better than their peers.

scholarly journals Quality of Life Indicators of University Students in Hungary

2013 ◽  
Vol 58 (1) ◽  
pp. 53-60 ◽  
Author(s):  
László Edvy
Keyword(s):  
Quality Of Life ◽  
University Students ◽  
Research Field ◽  
Major Conclusion ◽  
Common People ◽  
Quality Of Life Indicators ◽  
New Research ◽  
The Impact ◽  
Better Than

Abstract Quality of life is a new research field in the postmodern world. Results show that there are several factors beyond the material world which have an impact on our happiness and which can be influenced and developed by us. To transfer the knowledge that can help improve quality of life requires authentic channels. One of these channels could be the stratum of educated intellectuals as an influential group of society, but they are authentic only if their quality of life is really better than nonqualified population’s quality of life. We investigated this issue in Hungary. On the basis of empirical research, we compared university students’ quality of life indicators with those of common people of similar ages. The objective of this paper is to present the relevant results of this research, which show that a) the examined indicators of quality of life are not more favorable with university students than the same indicators with the non-student population; b) the quality of life indicators of female university students are worse in some respects than those of non-student women; c) the impact of some psychological factors is stronger with university students than with common persons. The major conclusion of this paper is that an appropriate intervention is needed in health education programs at universities in order to contribute to the improvement of students’ quality of life.

scholarly journals The Impact of Translators’ Epistemological Beliefs and Gender on Their Translation Quality

2016 ◽  
Vol 9 (4) ◽  
pp. 24
Author(s):  
Elmira Araghizade ◽  
Esmaeil Jadidi
Keyword(s):  
Epistemological Beliefs ◽  
Negative Relationship ◽  
Epistemic Beliefs ◽  
Translation Quality ◽  
And Gender ◽  
The Impact ◽  
The Relationship ◽  
Better Than ◽  
Do So

<p>This study aimed to determine the relationship between translators’ epistemological beliefs and gender on their Persian-to- English translation quality. To do so, a group of 53 MA translation students both male and female were selected, through convenient sampling to participate in this study. For data collection two instruments were employed: 1- Epistemic Beliefs Inventory (EBI) 2- Translation Test including a piece of poem. Regression analysis was also conducted to explore the interaction of epistemological beliefs and gender of translators on their translation quality. The findings indicated that there is no significant relationship between the components of epistemological beliefs and translation quality, except in one case that QL (quick learning) has a negative relationship with translation scores. Translators’ gender significantly affects the translation quality. An implication of the results is that males translate significantly better than females regarding the quality of translation. The interaction of translators’ epistemological beliefs and gender significantly affect the translation quality.</p>

scholarly journals Mapping spectroscopic uncertainties into prospective methane retrieval errors from Sentinel-5 and its precursor

2015 ◽  
Vol 8 (1) ◽  
pp. 1333-1363
Author(s):  
R. Checa-Garcia ◽  
J. Landgraf ◽  
F. Hase ◽  
H. Tran ◽  
V. Boudon ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Spectral Resolution ◽  
Global Scale ◽  
High Spectral Resolution ◽  
Spectroscopic Parameters ◽  
Infrared Spectral ◽  
Retrieval Errors ◽  
Shortwave Infrared ◽  
Very High ◽  
Better Than

Abstract. Sentinel-5 (S5) and its precursor (S5P) are future European satellite missions aiming at global monitoring of methane (CH4) column average dry air mole fractions (XCH4). The spectrometers to be deployed on-board the satellites record spectra of sunlight backscattered from the Earth's surface and atmosphere. In particular, they exploit CH4 absorption in the shortwave infrared spectral range around 1.65 μm (S5 only) and 2.35 μm (both, S5 and S5P) wavelength. Given an accuracy goal of better than 2% for XCH4 to be delivered on regional scales, assessment and reduction of potential sources of systematic error such as spectroscopic uncertainties is crucial. Here, we investigate how spectroscopic errors propagate into retrieval errors on the global scale. To this end, absorption spectra of a ground-based Fourier Transform Spectrometer (FTS) operating at very high spectral resolution serve as estimate for the quality of the spectroscopic parameters. Feeding the FTS fitting residuals as a perturbation into a global ensemble of simulated S5 and S5P-like spectra at relatively low spectral resolution, XCH4 retrieval errors exceed 1% in large parts of the world and show systematic correlations on regional scales, calling for improved spectroscopic parameters.

scholarly journals Virtual Reality-Based Therapy Improves Fatigue, Impact, and Quality of Life in Patients with Multiple Sclerosis. A Systematic Review with a Meta-Analysis

Sensors ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 21 (21) ◽  
pp. 7389
Author(s):  
Irene Cortés-Pérez ◽  
Marcelina Sánchez-Alcalá ◽  
Francisco Antonio Nieto-Escámez ◽  
Yolanda Castellote-Caballero ◽  
Esteban Obrero-Gaitán ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Quality Of Life ◽  
Multiple Sclerosis ◽  
Systematic Review ◽  
Virtual Reality ◽  
Meta Analysis ◽  
Simple Observation ◽  
High Level ◽  
The Impact ◽  
Better Than

Patients with multiple sclerosis (PwMS) have a high level of fatigue and a reduced quality of life (QoL) due to the impact of multiple sclerosis (MS). Virtual reality-based therapy (VRBT) is being used to reduce disability in PwMS. The aim of this study was to assess the effect of VRBT on fatigue, the impact of MS, and QoL in PwMS. Methods: A systematic review with meta-analysis was conducted through a bibliographic search on PubMed, Scopus, Web of Science, and PEDro up to April 2021. We included randomized controlled trials (RCTs) with PwMS that received VRBT in comparison to conventional therapy (CT) including physiotherapy, balance and strength exercises, and stretching or physical activity, among others; or in comparison to simple observation; in order to assess fatigue, MS-impact, and QoL. The effect size was calculated using Cohen’s standardized mean difference with a 95% confidence interval (95% CI). Results: Twelve RCTs that provided data from 606 PwMS (42.83 ± 6.86 years old and 70% women) were included. The methodological quality mean, according to the PEDro Scale, was 5.83 ± 0.83 points. Our global findings showed that VRBT is effective at reducing fatigue (SMD −0.33; 95% CI −0.61, −0.06), lowering the impact of MS (SMD −0.3; 95% CI −0.55, −0.04), and increasing overall QoL (0.5; 95% CI 0.23, 0.76). Subgroup analysis showed the following: (1) VRBT is better than CT at reducing fatigue (SMD −0.4; 95% CI −0.7, −0.11), as well as in improving the mental dimension of QoL (SMD 0.51; 95% CI 0.02, 1); (2) VRBT is better than simple observation at reducing the impact of MS (SMD −0.61; 95% CI −0.97, −0.23) and increasing overall QoL (SMD 0.79; 95% CI 0.3, 1.28); and (3) when combined with CT, VRBT is more effective than CT in improving the global (SMD 0.6, 95% CI 0.13, 1.07), physical (SMD 0.87; 95% CI 0.3, 1.43), and mental dimensions (SMD 0.6; 95% CI 0.08, 1.11) of QoL. Conclusion: VRBT is effective at reducing fatigue and MS impact and improving QoL in PwMS.

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