scholarly journals Heavy metal incorporation in foraminiferal calcite: results from multi-element enrichment culture experiments with <i>Ammonia tepida</i>

2010 ◽  
Vol 7 (8) ◽  
pp. 2339-2350 ◽  
Author(s):  
D. Munsel ◽  
U. Kramar ◽  
D. Dissard ◽  
G. Nehrke ◽  
Z. Berner ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
North Sea ◽  
Inductively Coupled Plasma ◽  
Partition Coefficients ◽  
Sea Water ◽  
Enrichment Culture ◽  
Analytical Techniques ◽  
Large Variability ◽  
Inductively Coupled ◽  
Icp Ms ◽  
Element Enrichment

Abstract. The incorporation of heavy metals into carbonate tests of the shallow water benthic foraminifer Ammonia tepida was investigated under controlled laboratory conditions. Temperature, salinity, and pH of the culture solutions were kept constant throughout the duration of this experiment, while trace metal concentrations were varied. Concentrations of Ni, Cu, and Mn were set 5-, 10-, and 20 times higher than levels found in natural North Sea water; for reference, a control experiment with pure filtered natural North Sea water was also analysed. The concentrations of Cu and Ni from newly grown chambers were determined by means of both μ-synchrotron XRF and Laser Ablation Inductively Coupled Plasma Mass Spectroscopy (LA-ICP-MS). The results of both independent analytical techniques agreed within the analytical uncertainty. In general, the concentration of the analysed elements in the tests increased in line with their concentration in the culture solutions. Potential toxic and/or chemical competition effects might have resulted in the decreased incorporation of Ni and Cu into the calcite of the specimens exposed to the highest elemental concentrations. Mn incorporation exhibited large variability in the experiment with the 20-fold increased element concentrations, potentially due to antagonistic effects with Cu. The partition coefficients of Cu and Ni were calculated to be 0.14 ± 0.02 and 1.0 ± 0.5, respectively, whereas the partition coefficient of Mn was estimated to be least 2.4. These partition coefficients now open the way for reconstructing past concentrations for these elements in sea water.

scholarly journals Heavy metal uptake in foraminiferal calcite: results of multi-element culture experiments

2010 ◽  
Vol 7 (1) ◽  
pp. 953-977 ◽  
Author(s):  
D. Munsel ◽  
U. Kramar ◽  
D. Dissard ◽  
G. Nehrke ◽  
Z. Berner ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
North Sea ◽  
Inductively Coupled Plasma ◽  
Partition Coefficients ◽  
Metal Uptake ◽  
Control Experiment ◽  
Sea Water ◽  
Culture Conditions ◽  
Inductively Coupled ◽  
Icp Ms ◽  
Analytical Approaches

Abstract. The incorporation of heavy metals into the test of the shallow water benthic foraminifer Ammonia tepida was investigated under controlled laboratory conditions. Except for the concentrations of the trace elements, all other culture conditions such as pH, temperature and salinity were kept constant. In the experiments, the concentrations of Ni, Cu and Mn were 5, 10, and 20 times higher than those in natural North Sea water, whereas in a control experiment foraminifera were cultured in filtered natural North Sea water. Concentrations of Cu and Ni from newly grown chambers were determined by means of both μ-synchrotron XRF and laser ablation inductively coupled plasma mass spectroscopy (LA-ICP-MS). Both independent analytical approaches agreed within the analytical uncertainty intervals. The calculated partition coefficients were 0.17±0.09 and 1.3±0.7 for Cu and Ni, respectively. Potential toxic and/or chemical competition effects might have lead to a decreasing incorporation rate of Cu and Ni into the calcite of the specimens of the tank with the highest chemical concentrations. Mn showed great scattering in the aquarium with the 20-fold higher element concentrations potentially due to antagonism effects with Cu. Nevertheless, the established partition coefficients now open the way for reconstructing past concentrations for these elements in sea water.

scholarly journals The Survival of Haloferax mediterranei under Stressful Conditions

2021 ◽  
Vol 9 (2) ◽  
pp. 336
Author(s):  
Laura Matarredona ◽  
Mónica Camacho ◽  
Basilio Zafrilla ◽  
Gloria Bravo-Barrales ◽  
Julia Esclapez ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Inductively Coupled Plasma ◽  
Sea Water ◽  
Industrial Applications ◽  
Growth Responses ◽  
Haloferax Mediterranei ◽  
Inductively Coupled ◽  
Icp Ms ◽  
Wide Range ◽  
High Metal ◽  
Plasma Mass Spectrometry

Haloarchaea can survive and thrive under exposure to a wide range of extreme environmental factors, which represents a potential interest to biotechnology. Growth responses to different stressful conditions were examined in the haloarchaeon Haloferax mediterranei R4. It has been demonstrated that this halophilic archaeon is able to grow between 10 and 32.5% (w/v) of sea water, at 32–52 °C, although it is expected to grow in temperatures lower than 32 °C, and between 5.75 and 8.75 of pH. Moreover, it can also grow under high metal concentrations (nickel, lithium, cobalt, arsenic), which are toxic to most living beings, making it a promising candidate for future biotechnological purposes and industrial applications. Inductively Coupled Plasma Mass Spectrometry (ICP-MS) analysis quantified the intracellular ion concentrations of these four metals in Hfx. mediterranei, concluding that this haloarchaeon can accumulate Li+, Co2+, As5+, and Ni2+ within the cell. This paper is the first report on Hfx. mediterranei in which multiple stress conditions have been studied to explore the mechanism of stress resistance. It constitutes the most detailed study in Haloarchaea, and, as a consequence, new biotechnological and industrial applications have emerged.

scholarly journals A comparison of annual layer thickness model estimates with observational measurements using the Berkner Island ice core, Antarctica

2017 ◽  
Vol 29 (4) ◽  
pp. 382-393
Author(s):  
A. Massam ◽  
S.B. Sneed ◽  
G.P. Lee ◽  
R.R. Tuckwell ◽  
R. Mulvaney ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
High Resolution ◽  
Layer Thickness ◽  
Inductively Coupled Plasma ◽  
Ice Core ◽  
Ultra Violet ◽  
Analytical Techniques ◽  
Inductively Coupled ◽  
Annual Layer ◽  
Icp Ms ◽  
Chemical Profiles

AbstractA model to estimate the annual layer thickness of deposited snowfall at a deep ice core site, compacted by vertical strain with respect to depth, is assessed using ultra-high-resolution laboratory analytical techniques. A recently established technique of high-resolution direct chemical analysis of ice using ultra-violet laser ablation inductively-coupled plasma mass spectrometry (LA ICP-MS) has been applied to ice from the Berkner Island ice core, and compared with results from lower resolution techniques conducted on parallel sections of ice. The results from both techniques have been analysed in order to assess the capability of each technique to recover seasonal cycles from deep Antarctic ice. Results do not agree with the annual layer thickness estimates from the age–depth model for individual samples <1 m long as the model cannot reconstruct the natural variability present in annual accumulation. However, when compared with sections >4 m long, the deviation between the modelled and observational layer thicknesses is minimized to within two standard deviations. This confirms that the model is capable of successfully estimating mean annual layer thicknesses around analysed sections. Furthermore, our results confirm that the LA ICP-MS technique can reliably recover seasonal chemical profiles beyond standard analytical resolution.

scholarly journals Nanoplastic Labelling with Metal Probes: Analytical Strategies for Their Sensitive Detection and Quantification by ICP Mass Spectrometry

Molecules ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 26 (23) ◽  
pp. 7093
Author(s):  
Lucile Marigliano ◽  
Bruno Grassl ◽  
Joanna Szpunar ◽  
Stéphanie Reynaud ◽  
Javier Jiménez-Lamana
Keyword(s):  
Mass Spectrometry ◽  
Inductively Coupled Plasma ◽  
Analytical Techniques ◽  
Inductively Coupled ◽  
Advantages And Disadvantages ◽  
Promising Tool ◽  
Icp Ms ◽  
Analytical Strategies ◽  
Icp Mass Spectrometry ◽  
Detection And Quantification

The detection and quantification of nanoplastics in aquatic environments is one of the major challenges in environmental and analytical research nowadays. The use of common analytical techniques for this purpose is not only hampered by the size of nanoplastics, but also because they are mainly made of carbon. In addition, the expected concentrations in environmental samples are below the detection limit of the majority of analytical techniques. In this context, the great detection capabilities of Inductively Coupled Plasma Mass Spectrometry (ICP-MS) in its Single Particle mode (SP-ICP-MS) have made of this technique a good candidate for the analysis of nanoplastics. Since the monitoring of carbon by ICP-MS faces several difficulties, the use of metal tags, taking advantage of the great potential of nanoplastics to adsorb chemical compounds, has been proposed as an alternative. In this perspectives paper, three different strategies for the analysis of polystyrene (PS) nanoplastics by SP-ICP-MS based on the use of metals species (ions, hydrophobic organometallic compound, and nanoparticles) as tags are presented and discussed. Advantages and disadvantages of each strategy, which rely on the labelling process, are highlighted. The metal nanoparticles labelling strategy is shown as a promising tool for the detection and quantification of nanoplastics in aqueous matrices by SP-ICP-MS.

scholarly journals Development and Application of Nanoparticle-Nanopolymer Composite Spheres for the Study of Environmental Processes

2021 ◽  
Vol 3 ◽  
Author(s):  
Robert J. Rauschendorfer ◽  
Kyle M. Whitham ◽  
Star Summer ◽  
Samantha A. Patrick ◽  
Aliandra E. Pierce ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Inductively Coupled Plasma ◽  
Large Scale ◽  
Analytical Techniques ◽  
Inductively Coupled ◽  
The Past ◽  
Icp Ms ◽  
Sensitivity And Selectivity ◽  
Plasma Mass Spectrometry ◽  
Wide Scale ◽  
Synthetic Copolymer

Plastics have long been an environmental contaminant of concern as both large-scale plastic debris and as micro- and nano-plastics with demonstrated wide-scale ubiquity. Research in the past decade has focused on the potential toxicological risks posed by microplastics, as well as their unique fate and transport brought on by their colloidal nature. These efforts have been slowed by the lack of analytical techniques with sufficient sensitivity and selectivity to adequately detect and characterize these contaminants in environmental and biological matrices. To improve analytical analyses, microplastic tracers are developed with recognizable isotopic, metallic, or fluorescent signatures capable of being identified amidst a complex background. Here we describe the synthesis, characterization, and application of a novel synthetic copolymer nanoplastic based on polystyrene (PS) and poly(2-vinylpyridine) (P2VP) intercalated with gold, platinum or palladium nanoparticles that can be capped with different polymeric shells meant to mimic the intended microplastic. In this work, particles with PS and polymethylmethacrylate (PMMA) shells are used to examine the behavior of microplastic particles in estuarine sediment and coastal waters. The micro- and nanoplastic tracers, with sizes between 300 and 500 nm in diameter, were characterized using multiple physical, chemical, and colloidal analysis techniques. The metallic signatures of the tracers allow for quantification by both bulk and single-particle inductively-coupled plasma mass spectrometry (ICP-MS and spICP-MS, respectively). As a demonstration of environmental applicability, the tracers were equilibrated with sediment collected from Bellingham Bay, WA, United States to determine the degree to which microplastics bind and sink in an estuary based of grain size and organic carbon parameters. In these experiments, between 80 and 95% of particles were found to associate with the sediment, demonstrative of estuaries being a major anticipated sink for these contaminants. These materials show considerable promise in their versatility, potential for multiplexing, and utility in studying micro- and nano-plastic transport in real-world environments.

scholarly journals Chemical Characterization of Vitreous Finds from Cosenza Cathedral (Calabria – Italy) by the Combined Use of Analytical Techniques

2020 ◽  
Vol 6 (1) ◽  
pp. 63-85 ◽  
Author(s):  
Donatella Barca ◽  
Franca C. Papparella
Keyword(s):  
Inductively Coupled Plasma ◽  
Chemical Characterization ◽  
Analytical Techniques ◽  
Soda Lime ◽  
13Th Century ◽  
Inductively Coupled ◽  
Icp Ms ◽  
Combined Use ◽  
Plasma Mass Spectrometry

AbstractThis article presents an archaeometrical research carried out on twenty-six vitreous finds collected in the Cosenza Cathedral (Calabria, Italy). The glasses have been subdivided in two typo-chronological groups. The first group is composed of 14 vitreous samples dating to the 4th–6th century AD. The second group includes twelve samples; seven are stems of funnel-shaped hanging lamps which date between the 12th and the 13th century AD, two are bottlenecks of balsamaria and three are concave bases. The aims of this study were the determination of the chemical composition of vitreous finds and the individuation of the primary glass sources. The samples were characterized through Electron Probe Micro Analyser with Wavelength Dispersive Spectrometer (EPMA-WDS) and Laser Ablation with Inductively Coupled Plasma Mass Spectrometry (LA-ICP-MS). The data confirm that all the finds of the first group are “silica-soda-lime” type glasses characterized by a high content of Na2O and a low content of K2O and MgO. On the contrary, the samples of the second group, showing higher contents of K2O and MgO, are vegetable silica-soda-lime glasses. Their composition confirms the typological attribution to the medieval period.

scholarly journals Determination of selected elements in catalytic converters using Icp-Ms and microwave digestion

2021 ◽  
pp. 5-11
Author(s):  
Weronika Kieres ◽  
Grzegorz Palka ◽  
Karolina Łuczak-Zelek ◽  
Monika Partyka
Keyword(s):  
Inductively Coupled Plasma ◽  
Raw Materials ◽  
Microwave Digestion ◽  
Precious Metals ◽  
Analytical Techniques ◽  
Elemental Content ◽  
Catalytic Converters ◽  
Ecological Awareness ◽  
Inductively Coupled ◽  
Icp Ms

Fuels combustion, polluting the atmosphere is a side effect of an engines’ work. ncreasing ecological awareness has led to constant pursuit of disposing harmful substances properly. Catalytic converters (car catalysts), containing precious metals from the platinum group, including palladium, platinum and rhodium, have been commonly adopted for this purpose. These critical elements can be found in many raw materials used frequently throughout the economy. Therefore, it is economically viable to retrieve these elements from, among the others, spent catalysts, so they can be reused to manufacture new converters. In order to determine a possible cost of spent car catalyst, it is essential to use the analytical techniques to determine elemental content in any given sample. X-ray fluorescence spectroscopy (XRF) is an example of such a technique. It is nevertheless advisable to use a complementary procedure to confirm any results obtained. A cross-verification technique was developed using inductively coupled plasma mass pectrometry (ICP-MS). This procedure was verified using comparative studies, which confirmed its usefulness and correctness.

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