Dynamic assessment of flood inundation based on a spatiotemporal hydrological model feed by a dynamic representation of human activities

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Kouadio Prudence Aka ◽  
Gerald A Corzo P ◽  
Koffi blaise  Yao
Keyword(s):  
Land Use ◽  
Human Activities ◽  
Historical Data ◽  
Morphometric Parameters ◽  
Climatic Data ◽  
Runoff Water ◽  
Dynamic Representation ◽  
The Impact ◽  
The City ◽  
Hydrological Functioning

<p>Floods are one of the most recurrent and damaging natural disasters in cities in developing countries today. The city of Abidjan (economic capital of Côte d'Ivoire) is not immune to these disasters. Indeed, according to the ONPC (2014), floods have killed an average of 13 people each year since 2009. One of the causes of the worsening and recurrence of these disasters is the urbanization experienced by the city of Abidjan in recent years. This urbanization has resulted in an increase in waterproofed areas and at the same time an increase in the volume of runoff water. The main objective of this research is to study the dynamics of floods and to see the impact of human activities on the hydrological functioning of the Gourou and Bonoumin watersheds in order to anticipate the risks of flooding. To do this, several specific objectives have been assigned in this study. These are: (1) the morphometric characterization of each watershed ; (2) the cartographic and diagnostic of stormwater management works and the dynamics of land use as well as the study of the variability of rainfall relative to the resurgence of floods in each basin ; (3) the establishment of a geographic information system for the study of floods; and (4) the prospective study of the evolution of land use and the future hydrological functioning of the watersheds studied using scenarios in order to take measures to fight against floods. The equipment used is composed of rain gauges (for measuring the spatial variation of rainfall in each sub-basin), limnimetric scales (to measure the heights of water in rivers), a double-ring infiltrometer (to measure the infiltration capacity on the basins) and software (Goldsim for simulating the behavior of watersheds). The data used consist of climatic data (temperature, rain), historical data on the floods in Abidjan, land use data (satellite images), physical characterization data of the watersheds (slope, hydrographic network, sanitation network , rainwater management works, morphometric parameters of the basins. The methodology adopted consisted of (1) collecting historical data on past floods in Abidjan; (2) description of the environment during rainy events; (3) studying the morphometric parameters of the watersheds studied and also (4) the study of the evolution of rainfall. Thus, the results obtained made it possible to show that the Gourou and Bonoumin basins cover respectively an area of 27.42 km² and 46.37 km² and the Gravelius indices of the two basins are respectively 4.89 and 5.51. Each year, the risk of a flood occurring is 75% with an average of more than 500 million property damage. The level reached in flooded areas of about 1 meter and according to historical data about inundations in Abidjan, on average 16 people lose their lives each year.</p>

scholarly journals Цифровізація розвитку міст: Urban Atlas на основі відкритих даних для міст України

2021 ◽  
pp. 19-28
Author(s):  
Андрій Юрійович Шелестов ◽  
Алла Миколаївна Лавренюк ◽  
Богдан Ялкапович Яйлимов ◽  
Ганна Олексіївна Яйлимова
Keyword(s):  
Land Use ◽  
Land Cover ◽  
Urban Growth ◽  
Urban Expansion ◽  
The European Union ◽  
Project Smart ◽  
Unified Algorithm ◽  
High Level ◽  
The Impact ◽  
The City

Ukraine is an associate member of the European Union and in the coming years it is expected that all data and services already used by EU countries will be available to Ukraine. The lack of quality national products for assessing the development and planning of urban growth makes it impossible to assess the impact of cities on the environment and human health. The first steps to create such products for the cities of Ukraine were initiated within the European project "SMart URBan Solutions for air quality, disasters and city growth" (SMURBS), in which specialists from the Space Research Institute of NAS of Ukraine and SSA of Ukraine received the first city atlas for the Kyiv city, which was similar to the European one. However, the resulting product had significantly fewer types of land use than the European one and therefore the question of improving the developed technology arose. The main purpose of the work is to analyze the existing technology of European service Urban Atlas creation and its improvement by developing a unified algorithm for building an urban atlas using all available open geospatial and satellite data for the cities of Ukraine. The development of such technology is based on our own technology for classifying satellite time series with a spatial resolution of 10 meters to build a land cover map, as well as an algorithm for unifying open geospatial data to urban atlases Copernicus. The technology of construction of the city atlas developed in work, based on the intellectual model of classification of a land cover, can be extended to other cities of Ukraine. In the future, the creation of such a product on the basis of data for different years will allow to assess changes in land use and make a forecast for further urban expansion. The proposed information technology for constructing the city atlas will be useful for assessing the dynamics of urban growth and closely related social and economic indicators of their development. Based on it, it is also possible to assess indicators of achieving the goals of sustainable development, such as 11.3.1 "The ratio of land consumption and population growth." The study shows that the city atlas obtained for the Kyiv city has a high level of quality and has comparable land use classes with European products. It indicates that such a product can be used in government decision-making services.

scholarly journals Identification and Location of a Transitional Zone between an Urban and a Rural Area Using Fuzzy Set Theory, CLC, and HRL Data

2019 ◽  
Vol 11 (24) ◽  
pp. 7014 ◽  
Author(s):  
Andrzej Biłozor ◽  
Szymon Czyża ◽  
Tomasz Bajerowski
Keyword(s):  
Land Use ◽  
Land Cover ◽  
Rural Area ◽  
Set Theory ◽  
Fuzzy Set ◽  
Fuzzy Set Theory ◽  
Transitional Zone ◽  
City Centre ◽  
The Impact ◽  
The City

Changes in land use, which accompany the development of towns, generate a transitional zone on the border between areas of urban and rural use, which—due to its complex (unspecified, fuzzy) land use—cannot be identified either as a rural or an urban area. In order to prevent the unplanned development, it should go according to plan, in line with the spatial order principles, making a coherent whole, taking into account all functional, socio-economic, cultural, as well as aesthetic factors and requirements. This paper describes studies and analyses of the fuzzy set theory applicability in studies of land use in areas around towns. The main aim of the study was to present the methodology, which employs fuzzy logic to identify and locate a transitional zone between rural and urban areas. This study dealt with the transitional zone at the junction of the urban and rural area and its parameters, which affect the type of land use. The attributes of the transitional zone were defined based on an analysis of current land use methods in areas under direct urbanisation pressure. The study was conducted in the city of Olsztyn (Poland) and on its outskirts, directly exposed to the impact of the developing city, with an area of 202.4 km2, within an 8-km radius of the city centre. The study determined the impact of individual forms of land use on the development of urban or rural use. The degree of each type of use—urban or rural—allowed for developing a fuzzy town and country model, identifying the urban investment border and its spatial dispersion, as well as identifying and locating the transitional zone between urban and rural areas. Moreover, land cover models based on the Corine land cover (CLC) data as well as high-resolution layers (HRL) impervious and canopy data were developed. The borders of urban investment determined on the basis of the fuzzy set theory assumptions, CLC, and HRL data were also identified and verified.

scholarly journals The criterion of the presumption of biophysiological temperature and the cooling guide for the determination of human comfort in the City of Rutba

2018 ◽  
Vol 227 (2) ◽  
pp. 307-316
Author(s):  
Lect. Intisar Sukkar Khioun
Keyword(s):  
Relative Humidity ◽  
Solar Radiation ◽  
Climatic Data ◽  
Human Comfort ◽  
Air Movement ◽  
The Impact ◽  
The Relationship ◽  
The City ◽  
Climate Studies

     The relationship between man and climate is of great importance in climate studies, as climate is the most natural climatic element in the sense of comfort or distress of man, and humans can live comfortably if the degree of heat between (17-31 m) and the human feeling of heat and cold and then rest or discomfort not only caused by the air temperature but depends on many elements including solar radiation, air movement, relative humidity, the level of human activity and the type of clothing worn, and the presumption has used Biophysiological temperature and Cooling guide in this study to demonstrate the impact of climate on human comfort in the city of Rutba and relying on the climatic data for thirty years.

scholarly journals Land-use changes reinforce the impacts of climate change on annual runoff dynamics in a southeast China coastal watershed

2015 ◽  
Vol 12 (6) ◽  
pp. 6305-6325 ◽  
Author(s):  
A. Ervinia ◽  
J. Huang ◽  
Z. Zhang
Keyword(s):  
Land Use ◽  
Water Resource Management ◽  
Land Use Changes ◽  
Annual Runoff ◽  
Climatic Data ◽  
Coastal Watershed ◽  
Total Runoff ◽  
Runoff Changes ◽  
The Impact ◽  
Runoff Dynamics

Abstract. Study on runoff dynamics across different physiographic regions is fundamentally important to formulate the sound strategies for water resource management especially in the coastal watershed where peoples heavily concentrated and relied on water resources. The L−R diagram, a conceptual model by which the land-changes evapotranspiration (ΔL) was estimated as the difference between actual and climate evapotranspiration to identify the specific impact of land-use changes on annual runoff changes (ΔR), was developed using the 53-year hydro-climatic data of Jiulong River Watershed, a typical medium-sized subtropical coastal watershed in China. This study found that land-use changes have reinforced the impact of climatic changes on runoff changes where nearly all points were scattered in II and IV quadrant. Deforestation and expansion of built up area has diminished the water retention capacity in a catchment as well as evapotranspiration thus produce extra runoff accounting for 12–183 % of total runoff increase. In contrast, reforestation makes the significant contribution to decreasing annual runoff for about 21–82 % of total runoff loss. This study revealed the river runoff has become more vulnerable to intensive anthropogenic disturbances under the context of climate changes in a coastal watershed.

scholarly journals Landscape change and vegetation history in the city of Lisbon during Roman times and the Early Medieval Period

The Holocene ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 31 (1) ◽  
pp. 134-144
Author(s):  
Andrés Currás ◽  
Ana Maria Costa ◽  
Maria da Conceição Freitas ◽  
Randi Danielsen ◽  
Jacinta Bugalhão
Keyword(s):  
Land Use ◽  
Human Activities ◽  
Landscape Change ◽  
Vegetation History ◽  
Landscape Changes ◽  
Medieval Period ◽  
Early Medieval Period ◽  
Sedimentary Deposits ◽  
Socioeconomic Transformation ◽  
The City

Pollen and NPP analysis performed on the sedimentary deposits accumulated in the inter-tidal banks of the Tagus Estuary allow for the reconstruction of vegetation history and landscape changes that occurred in Lisbon from the 1st to the 6th century cal AD. The high chronological resolution of this investigation makes it possible to identify changes in human activities that took place during the Roman period and reveals the extent of land use in the 2nd century cal AD. However, the most considerable landscape transformation of this 600-year period dates back to the late 5th century cal AD, when significant deforestation and increasing human activity, particularly pasturing, spread throughout the territory. This feature bears witness to the outcome of a deep socioeconomic transformation following the disintegration of the Roman administration and sheds light on a poorly known period in this part of Iberia.

STUDI EVALUASI JARINGAN DRAINASE JALAN DANAU MANINJAU RAYA KOTA MALANG

2013 ◽  
Vol 7 (2) ◽  
pp. 101
Author(s):  
Joko Setiono
Keyword(s):  
Land Use ◽  
Urban Areas ◽  
Discharge Time ◽  
Flow Problems ◽  
Waste Sludge ◽  
Drainage Channels ◽  
Drainage Capacity ◽  
Runoff Discharge ◽  
The Impact ◽  
The City

Along with the very rapid growth of urban areas in Indonesia, urban drainage problems is increasing as well. In general, the handling of drainage in many cities in Indonesia still partial, so it does not solve the problem completely flooding and inundation. Changes in land use due to increasing population growth, requires an adequate supply of residential land, the impact of which directly increases the discharge surface runoff will be collected in drainage channels. Sawojajar Housing is one of the biggest housing in the city of Malang, where the housing development, keep a few problems, one of the flood that happened in 2008 and the incidence of every rainy season yaang inundation caused by the drainage capacity is not accommodating discharge runoff, due to changes in land use and waste sludge. From the analysis of the magnitude of the runoff discharge using recent data, the amount of runoff discharge time 2-year anniversary of 1.66 - 2:32 m3/sec and time again for 5 years 2.1 - 4.2 m3/sec. The dimensions of the existing channel is still accommodate runoff discharge is seen from the criteria condition that occurs sub critical flow (flow). Problems that occur in the hydraulic aspects of the meeting Maninjau Jalan channel as a primary channel that is too upright dg channel Maninjau road so no back-flow, water can not get in and not be able to accommodate discharge from the channel Maninjau Road.  Keyword: Flow, Drainage, Flood

Impact of human intervention and climate change on the land cover change in the glacial affected area of the Tianshan Mountains

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Hong Wei ◽  
Liyang Xiong ◽  
Guoan Tang ◽  
Josef Strobl ◽  
Kaikai Xue
Keyword(s):  
Climate Change ◽  
Land Use ◽  
Land Cover ◽  
Snow Cover ◽  
Land Cover Change ◽  
Human Activities ◽  
Tianshan Mountains ◽  
Human Intervention ◽  
Large Spatial Scale ◽  
The Impact

<p><strong>Abstract</strong>: Land use/land cover change (LULC) in glacial affected areas are driven by climate change and human activities. Monitoring and simulation of the spatial and temporal land cover changes in this special region provide scientific basis in understanding the natural environment, helping to reveal the impact of climate change and human activities on LULC. In this study, the Tianshan Mountains (TSM), located in the hinterland of Eurasia, were selected as the study area to investigate the LULC of the glacial affected areas. The relationship between LULC, human intervention and climate change on a large spatial scale were also analyzed. The LULC of the TSM in China for the past 35 years were analyzed using a dynamical change model, a landscape pattern index, a centroid transfer model, and geoinformation TUPU based on the land use data of 1980, 1990, 2000, and 2015. Results show that the areas of cultivated and built-up lands immensely increased by 45.87% and 187%, respectively. Correspondingly, the areas of bare land and ice and snow cover decreased by 27% and 38%, respectively. The land use change in the TSM was characterized by different stages, and high conversion rate and intensity were obtained from 2000 to 2015. The landscape change was mainly reflected in terms of the significant increase in the number of patches and the simplification and regularization of patch shapes. The spatial connectivity of different land use types increased. The temperature and precipitation in the region show an increasing trend, and the melting rate of ice and snow cover significantly accelerated. This study can help to achieve a dynamic LULC model to investigate the interacting influences of climate change and human activities in glacial affected areas.</p>

scholarly journals Assessing the Impacts of Urbinization on the Climate of Kumasi

2018 ◽  
Author(s):  
Caleb Mensah ◽  
Julia Atayi ◽  
Amos T. Kabo-bah ◽  
Marian Švik ◽  
Daniel Acheampong
Keyword(s):  
Urban Areas ◽  
Geographical Location ◽  
Climatic Conditions ◽  
Climatic Data ◽  
Garden City ◽  
Landsat Images ◽  
Green Vegetation ◽  
City Model ◽  
The Impact ◽  
The City

The key anthropogenic effects on climate include the changes in land use and emission of greenhouse gases into the atmosphere. Depletion of vegetation poses serious threat that speeds the process of climate change and reduces carbon sequestration by the environment. Thus, the preservation of natural environment in urban areas is an essential component of the garden city model, proposed by Sir Ebenezer Howard in 1898, to ensure ecological balance. Recent Landsat images showed that Kumasi does not have the required percentage of green vegetation as was stipulated in the garden city model on which the city was built. It was observed that most parts of Kumasi's green vegetation have been lost to built environments. This study was conducted to assess the impact of urbanization on the garden city status and its effect on the micro-climate of the city. Significant changes in the vegetation cover of the city was evaluated from Landsat-TM imagery and analysis of a long term climatic data of Kumasi carried out over a 55-year period (1960 to 2015). It was observed that, climatic conditions have slightly changed, as mean surface temperature of has increased by 1.2 °C/ 55 years, due to the significant landuse changes from development of non-transpiring, reduced evaporative urban surfaces. However, the impact is not greatly felt due to the geographical location of the city on the globe despite the evidence of a considerable temperature change. Green vegetation conservation for the city is recommended as a top priority in future for city authorities and planners.

scholarly journals The impact of rent control: Investigations on historical data in the city of Lyon

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Loïc Bonneval ◽  
Florence Goffette‐Nagot ◽  
Zhejin Zhao
Keyword(s):  
Historical Data ◽  
Rent Control ◽  
The Impact ◽  
The City
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