Development of Agricultural Damage Estimation Technique Considering Regional Characteristics

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Lee Heesup ◽  
Park moojong
Keyword(s):  
Disaster Response ◽  
Agricultural Sector ◽  
Development Program ◽  
Weather Conditions ◽  
Analysis Data ◽  
Agricultural Drought ◽  
Regional Characteristics ◽  
The Past ◽  
The Government ◽  
Drought Damage

<p>Due to the effects of extreme weather conditions, extreme disasters such as floods and droughts are becoming more frequent worldwide.</p><p>In particular, drought is one of the long-term disasters unlike floods, with the greatest damage occurring in the agricultural sector in the event of a drought disaster.</p><p>This study investigated and analyzed the history of drought damage in Korea in the past, how the government responded to drought, and how to calculate the amount of drought damage in agriculture.</p><p>Based on the survey and analysis data, the methods for calculating agricultural drought damage in the past were supplemented, and realistic and practical methods for calculating agricultural drought damage were developed in consideration of regional characteristics in future drought disasters.</p><p>This research was supported by a grant(2019-MOIS31-010) from Fundamental Technology Development Program for Extreme Disaster Response funded by Korean Ministry of Interior and Safety(MOIS).</p>

A Study on the Establishment of Criteria for Reduction measures of Mega Drought in Korea

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Park MooJong ◽  
Song Youngseok ◽  
Lee Heesup ◽  
Park Juhyeok
Keyword(s):  
Disaster Response ◽  
Large Scale ◽  
Technology Development ◽  
Development Program ◽  
Severity Index ◽  
Moisture Index ◽  
The Past ◽  
Wide Range ◽  
The Republic ◽  
Drought Damage

<p>Recently, climate change due to global warming has been frequented by large-scale weather disasters that have not been experienced in the past. Among various weather disasters, drought is one of the representative weather disasters in Korea recently along with heavy rains. In the case of drought, it occurs in a wide range in the short term and long term, and it is difficult to identify specific occurrence times, places, and causes, and damage and influence are enormous.</p><p>In the past, the Republic of Korea has been prepared with non-structural measures such as securing irrigation water for drought restoration, developing emergency management, and developing a drought information system based on drought index. The reduction measures for drought degradation were mainly used by Palmer Draught Severity Index (PDSI), Standardized Precision Index (SPI), Crop Moisture Index (CMI), Crop Specific Drug Index (CMI), and Profication (DICS Index), and Survey.</p><p>In this study, we intend to establish standards for reducing drought damage by investigating and analyzing drought damage characteristics in Korea. In the past, drought damage in Korea occurred in agriculture, living and industry, and the ministry manages and stores the data on drought damage. The drought damage in South Korea from 1965 to 2018 occurred a total of 204 times, mostly in South Gyeongsang and South Jeolla provinces, rather than in special cities and metropolitan cities. The purpose of this study is to analyze the characteristics of drought damage in Korea and establish the measures to reduce mega drought.</p><p>Acknowledges : This research was supported by a grant(2019-MOIS31-010) from Fundamental Technology Development Program for Extreme Disaster Response funded by Korean Ministry of Interior and Safety(MOIS).</p>

A Study on the Estimation of the Occurrence Frequency of Mega-drought by the Characteristics of Drought Damage

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Song Youngseok ◽  
Kim Jinbok ◽  
Park Jongun ◽  
Park Moojong
Keyword(s):  
Drought Index ◽  
Standardized Precipitation Index ◽  
Development Program ◽  
Agricultural Drought ◽  
Drought Indices ◽  
The Past ◽  
Short Period ◽  
Recent Climate ◽  
The World ◽  
Drought Damage

<p>Unlike natural disasters such as typhoons, torrential rains and floods, drought is a disaster caused by long-term effects as well as short-term effects. The effect of drought is caused by damage from a short period of weeks to a long period of years, which causes extensive and enormous damage to agriculture, life, society and economy. In addition, the recent climate change has affected the frequency and scale of rainfall in the global temperature, so it is necessary to prepare measures against it.</p><p>The past studies on drought have been conducted using drought indexes such as agricultural, meteorological, and hydrological methods to evaluate drought. The representative drought indexes for each drought are Palmer Drought Severity Index (PDSI), Standardized Precipitation Index (SPI), Agricultural drought is Crop Moisture Index (CMI), Crop Specific Drought Index (CSDI), Hydrological drought is Surface Drought Water Supply Index (SWSI), Reclamation Drought Index (RDI) and so on are used. However, these drought indices are only used as a method of predicting the depth of drought, and do not give the actual number of drought occurrences.</p><p>In this study, we want to determine the frequency of Mega-drought occurrences in consideration of the drought damage characteristics that occurred worldwide from 1900 to 2018. The drought damages in the world were used by EM-DAT (the Emergency Events Database) which manages disaster data in CRED (Centre for Research on the Epidemiology of Disasters). Drought damages occurred in the world from 1900 to 2018 occurred more than once/years in 146 countries. The duration of drought persistence occurred in the country continuously for at least one to 17 years. The purpose of this study is to propose the criteria for mega drought by using the past victim data in connection with the incidence frequency.</p><p>Acknowledges : This research was supported by a grant(2019-MOIS31-010) from Fundamental Technology Development Program for Extreme Disaster Response funded by Korean Ministry of Interior and Safety(MOIS).</p><div> </div>

scholarly journals Enhancing rural livelihoods in Tanza-nia : A small-holder farmers’ perspective

2017 ◽  
Vol 5 (2) ◽  
pp. 68 ◽  
Author(s):  
Abel Kinyondo ◽  
Joseph Magashi
Keyword(s):  
Economic Growth ◽  
Poverty Reduction ◽  
Agricultural Sector ◽  
Rural Livelihoods ◽  
Sustainable Livelihood ◽  
Extension Services ◽  
The Past ◽  
Small Holder Farmers ◽  
The Government ◽  
Small Holder

Poverty reduction has been a difficult milestone for Tanzania to achieve despite recording remarkable economic growth over the past decade. This is because the attained growth is not inclusive, in that sectors contributing to this growth employ fewer people. Given the fact that agriculture continues to employ the majority of people in Tanzania, efforts to improve livelihoods should necessarily be geared towards transforming the sector. It is in this context that using a sample of 3,000 farmers from 13 regions of Tanzania; this Tanzania, this study set out to examine challenges facing farmers and their respective solutions following the sustainable livelihood framework. Findings show that improving farmers’ livelihoods would entail concerted efforts by the government to avail to farmers, quality and affordable seeds, fertilizer, agricultural infrastructures, subsidies, extension services, markets, information alert, affordable loans, and areas for pastures. This implies that the government needs to allocate enough funds to the agricultural sector if farmers’ needs are to be met. We note, however, that government’s allocation to the sector has alarmingly generally been exhibiting a declining trend for the past four years. It is against this background that we strongly recommend that the government rethinks its position and prioritize the agricultural sector in its budget.

scholarly journals EVALUASI KEBERHASILAN PENGELOLAAN PROGRAM PENYEDIAAN AIR MINUM DAN SANITASI BERBASIS MASYARAKAT DI KABUPATEN ACEH BESAR

2018 ◽  
Vol 1 (4) ◽  
pp. 1019-1026
Author(s):  
Teuku Mochamad Nazar ◽  
Azmeri Azmeri ◽  
Eldina Fatimah
Keyword(s):  
Swot Analysis ◽  
Central Government ◽  
Universal Access ◽  
National Development ◽  
Development Program ◽  
Analysis Data ◽  
Clean Water ◽  
Community Based ◽  
Water And Sanitation ◽  
The Government

Abstract: Clean water as a primary need of human which is generally used for drinking, bathing, cooking and washing should be met in terms of quantity, quality, and affordability and sustainability. The government through the national development program of water and sanitation universal access which declared that by 2019, Indonesia will achieve the 100% target of proper clean water and sanitation for the whole Indonesian people. Water supply and Sanitation community-based Program (PAMSIMAS) is one of the prominent programs of the central government that adopt a community-based approach, where the main actors are the society as well as the person in charge to implement the project. PAMSIMAS II was launched in Aceh since January 2013 to April 2016 in which thre e districts joined PAMSIMAS are Aceh Besar, Pidie and Bireuen, with a total number of villages of the program as 46. The study conducted in the District of Aceh Besar with selected 15 (fifteen) villages as research object. This study aims to identify the level of success of PAMSIMAS II and identified community participation in managing water and sanitation infrastructure that has been built by the program. Those things were measured by the factors namely: 1. Adequacy, quality and continuity of water, also 2. Performance of BPSPAM as management body in village.  This study adopt quantitative analysis that supported by qualitative analysis. Data were collected by observation, questionnaires and interviews. At the end the SWOT analysis is performed for the formulation of a strategic planning in or order to make PAMSIMAS sustainable in achieving access of clean water. The result of this research is information about th position of The PAMSIMAS II after the calculation of EFAS and IFAS which conducted based on the questionair that deliver to the actors of PAMSIMAS II in district of Aceh Besar and also recomendation about priority strategy should be conducted for the development of PAMSIMAS II in the future. Abstrak: Air Bersih sebagai kebutuhan utama dalam kehidupan manusia yang umumnya digunakan untuk minum, mandi, memasak dan mencuci sudah seharusnya terpenuhi secara kuantitas, kualitas, terjangkau dan kontinu. Pemerintah melalui program pembangunan nasional akses universal air minum dan sanitasi menetapkan bahwa pada tahun 2019, Indonesia dapat mencapai 100 % target layanan air minum dan sanitasi yang layak. Program Penyediaan Air Minum dan Sanitasi Berbasis Masyarakat (PAMSIMAS) merupakan salah satu program andalan pemerintah pusat yang menggunakan pendekatan berbasis masyarakat, dimana masyarakat sebagai pelaku utama dan sekaligus penanggungjawab pelaksanaan kegiatan. Program PAMSIMAS II dilaksanakan di Provinsi Aceh mulai tahun 2013 sampai dengan April 2016 di 3 kabupaten yaitu Kabupaten Aceh Besar, Kabupaten Pidie dan Kabupaten Bireuen, dengan total desa yang bergabung adalah 46 Desa.  Penelitian ini dilaksanakan di 15 desa di Kabupaten Aceh Besar sebagai objek penelitian. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengevaluasi keberhasilan Program PAMSIMAS II dan mengindentifikasi peran serta masyarakat dalam mengelola infrastruktur air bersih dan sanitasi yang telah dibangun.  Hal tersebut diukur melalui beberapa faktor, diantaranya: 1. kecukupan, kualitas dan keberlanjutan air dan, 2. Kinerja dari badan pengelola di masyarakat. Penelitian ini menggunakan analisa kuantitatif yang didukung dengan analisa kualitatif. Metode pengumpulan data dengan melakukan observasi, kuesioner dan wawancara. Penelitian ini melakukan Analisa SWOT yang bertujuan untuk perumusan rencana strategis agar Program PAMSIMAS dapat berkesinambungan dalam pemenuhan akan air bersih. Hasil dari penelitian ini berupa identifikasi posisi Program PAMSIMAS II setelah dilakukan perhitungan EFAS dan IFAS yang dilakukan berdasarkan Kuesioner yang telah disebar kepada para pelaksana program PAMSIMAS II, dan kemudian dilanjutkan dengan rekomendasi prioritas strategi yang akan dilakukan untuk pengembangan Program PAMSIMAS II ke depan.

Nigerian agricultural growth softens oil shock

2015 ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Food Production ◽  
Agricultural Sector ◽  
Government Policies ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Agricultural Growth ◽  
Agricultural Transformation ◽  
The Past ◽  
Oil Revenue ◽  
Oil Shock ◽  
The Government

Subject The outlook for Nigeria's agricultural sector. Significance The success of government policies on agriculture was central to the Finance Ministry's reassurances on Nigeria's ability to weather the oil price shock and increase non-oil revenue. The government has presided over a marked increase in food production over the past four years under the Agricultural Transformation Agenda (ATA), arguably making it one of the main policy achievements of the Goodluck Jonathan administration. Impacts Commercial interest in African agribusiness often falls short given the difficulty of making smallholders competitive in dislocated markets. Input subsidy policies (fertiliser, seeds) often remain inseparable from political appeals to rural electorates. Such policies are not always amenable to 'transformative' interventions -- and in some cases, will actively distort them.

Development of a Drought Damage Estimation Technique for Living and Industrial Water Using Water Estimation Technique

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Joohyuk Park ◽  
moojong Park
Keyword(s):  
Disaster Response ◽  
Technology Development ◽  
Heat Waves ◽  
Human Life ◽  
Development Program ◽  
Industrial Water ◽  
Estimation Technique ◽  
Damage Estimation ◽  
Korean Ministry ◽  
Drought Damage

<p>In recent years, the number of extreme disasters such as floods, droughts, and heat waves worldwide has been increasing. In the case of droughts, it is most important to manage water that is most closely related to human life in the event of a disaster and to anticipate and respond to damage in advance.</p><p>In this study, the methods for calculating domestic and foreign life and industrial water damage were reviewed, and the methods for estimating the amount of drought damages were developed so that local disaster managers could make decisions in the event of a drought, based on the living and industrial water data, which contained quantitative data.</p><div> <p>This research was supported by a grant(2019-MOIS31-010) from Fundamental Technology Development Program for Extreme Disaster Response funded by Korean Ministry of Interior and Safety(MOIS).</p> </div>

‘IT'S ALL WORK AND HAPPINESS ON THE FARMS’: AGRICULTURAL DEVELOPMENT BETWEEN THE BLOCS IN NKRUMAH'S GHANA

2019 ◽  
Vol 60 (01) ◽  
pp. 25-44
Author(s):  
KERI LAMBERT
Keyword(s):  
Soviet Union ◽  
Rural Areas ◽  
Large Scale ◽  
Agricultural Sector ◽  
Sudden Change ◽  
Development Program ◽  
The United States ◽  
Smallholder Farming ◽  
The Government ◽  
New Nation

AbstractThis study assesses the agricultural sector under the government of Kwame Nkrumah as a dynamic Cold War front. After Ghana's independence in 1957, Nkrumah asserted that the new nation would guard its sovereignty from foreign influence, while recognizing that it needed foreign cooperation and investment. His government embarked upon a development program with an emphasis on diversifying Ghana's agriculture to decrease her dependence on cocoa. Meanwhile, both the United States and the Soviet Union sought to establish footholds in Ghana through agricultural aid, trade, and investments. In the first years of independence, the Ghanaian state encouraged smallholder farming and American investment. Later, in a sudden change of policy, the government established large-scale state farms along the socialist model. This article brings to light the ways that Ghanaians in rural areas engaged with and interpreted the increasingly interventionist agriculture projects and policies of Nkrumah's government.

scholarly journals A Study on Establishment of Drought Index for Agricultural Disaster Prediction

2020 ◽  
Vol 20 (6) ◽  
pp. 333-341
Author(s):  
Youngseok Song ◽  
Jingul Joo ◽  
Hayong Kim ◽  
Sangman Jeong ◽  
Moojong Park
Keyword(s):  
Rainy Season ◽  
Drought Index ◽  
Heavy Rain ◽  
Agricultural Drought ◽  
The Past ◽  
Moderate Drought ◽  
The Impact ◽  
Rain Effect ◽  
Disaster Prediction ◽  
Drought Damage

This study aims to establish a drought index for disaster prediction in Gyeongsangnam-do, where the most agricultural drought damage occurred from 1965 to 2018. The drought index was analyzed for each duration (3, 6, 9, 12 months) targeting the SPI. Damage characteristics of the duration of agricultural drought were calculated. SPI for each duration of agricultural drought damage period in Gyeongsangnam-do was at least -2.0 or less, and the maximum was -1.0 or more, and weak and moderate drought were analyzed. However, due to the heavy rain effect during the rainy season, the average SPI12 was -1.06, and the impact of agricultural drought was negligible. It was analyzed that the correlation between the damage period of agricultural drought and the SPI by duration was high. However, there is not much difference in SPI for each duration to determine the occurrence of damage. In this study, the criterion for disaster prediction of agricultural drought was calculated as representative drought index by year as the minimum drought index of SPI for each duration of damage occurrence period of past agricultural drought. The Standard of drought index for disaster prediction was set to -1.64, the average of the SPI for each duration of year in which damage occurred in the past.

scholarly journals PERAN PROGRAM PENGEMBANGAN USAHA AGRIBISNIS PERDESAAN (PUAP) TERHADAP KESEJAHTERAAN PETANI DI DESA POLAGAN, KECAMATAN GALIS, KABUPATEN PAMEKASAN

2020 ◽  
Vol 12 (2) ◽  
pp. 149-167
Author(s):  
Siti Ienas Maulidia ◽  
Herry Yulistiyono
Keyword(s):  
Structural Changes ◽  
Agricultural Sector ◽  
Descriptive Analysis ◽  
Development Program ◽  
Analysis Model ◽  
Department Of Agriculture ◽  
Analysis Technique ◽  
Distribution Process ◽  
The Government

The agricultural sector is still experiencing structural changes that are not balanced. To overcome this, the Government through the Department of Agriculture issued a policy in an effort to empower the community in the form of PUAP's Direct Community Assistance (BLM) facilitation program. The purpose of the study was to analyze the role of the Rural Agribusiness Development Program (PUAP) on the welfare of farmers in Polagan Village, Galis District, Pamekasan Regency. The research method used is descriptive qualitative. Data collection methods using interviews, observation, and documentation. Descriptive analysis model analysis technique with data validity test is done by using triangulation of data sources. The results showed that the implementation of the Agribusiness Business Development program in Polagan Village, Galis Subdistrict, Pamekasan Regency was good because the distribution process to farmers was in accordance with procedures so that farmers could be used for capital to develop farming. The level of welfare of farmers in Polagan Village, Galis District, Pamekasan Regency as a whole is still low. the role of the Rural Agribusiness Development Program (PUAP) on the welfare of farmers in Polagan Village, Galis District, Pamekasan Regency has not been maximized in terms of targets, techniques, and objectives. Recommendations are that the PUAP program should not only be in the form of agricultural capital loans but through other new innovations. Like the provision of subsidized fertilizer.

Brazil's agriculture outlook faces challenges in 2020

2020 ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Agricultural Sector ◽  
Weather Conditions ◽  
Sustainable Growth ◽  
Environment Protection ◽  
Short Term ◽  
International Context ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Primary Sector ◽  
The Government ◽  
Indigenous Land

Subject Brazil's agricultural sector. Significance Agriculture is an important source of growth in Brazil. In 2019, production and export levels were high, driven by corn and beef; although still strong, soybean exports decreased last year. Favoured by weather conditions and productivity increases, overall production in the primary sector may rise again in 2020. However, the sector faces challenges, primarily relating to the international context and controversies fuelled by the government. Impacts Uncertainties around agriculture may see further downward revisions of Brazilian growth forecasts this year. The international outlook does not favour Brazilian agriculture in the short term at least. Lack of government commitment to environment protection and indigenous land will drive doubts over sustainable growth.

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