Chemical and biochemical changes in soil after biochar-treated OMW digestate amendment

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Giuseppe Di Rauso Simeone ◽  
Gennaro Cesarano ◽  
Luca Micoli ◽  
Giuseppe Toscano ◽  
Maria Turco ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Organic Amendment ◽  
Greenhouse Gas Emission ◽  
Agricultural Waste ◽  
Biochemical Properties ◽  
Green Energy ◽  
Nitrate Content ◽  
Production Volume ◽  
Promising Alternative ◽  
Olive Mill Waste Water ◽  
Olive Mill

<p>Anaerobic digestion (AD) of organic wastes is a promising alternative to landfilling for reducing greenhouse gas emission and it is encouraged by current regulation in Europe. AD represents a source of green energy, while the by-product digestate still generates concerns for a safely disposal. The sustainability of AD plants partly depends on the management of digestion residues. Digestate could be used in organic amendment straightaway or after composting to limit possible phytotoxicity effects on crops. This study has been focused on the environmental benefits of digested olive mill wastewater (OMW), recalcitrant agricultural waste. OMW require a complex management due to high production volume in a limited time, fermentative processes occurring during the storage, and toxicity due to phenol compounds. These latter might compromise the AD process affecting microbial metabolism. As biochar is able to adsorb and retain organic and inorganic pollutants, we used biochar as additives during AD to remove phenols, stimulate microbial activity and therefore hydrogen and methane production. The resulted digestates including biochar could be used in order to increase the carbon stock in soil as a valid alternative to other organic amendments.</p><p>The aim of this work was to evaluate the effect of solid and liquid digestates, obtained from the AD process of OMW with biochar (30 and 45%), as additive, on soil chemical and biochemical properties in order to validate its use in organic amendment in lab-scale experiment. The liquid and solid digestates were added to soil according to the maximum dose allowed by the Italian nitrates directive concerning non-vulnerable areas (91/676/EEC, DGR 209/2007). Pots containing soil differently amended with liquid and solid digestates were prepared also for the growth of <em>Lactuca sativa</em> L. seedlings.</p><p>Thirty days after treatments, positive changes in chemical and biochemical properties in soil pots with biochar-treated digestates, in particular with liquid ones, occurred. Soil organic carbon, microbial biomass carbon and some soil enzymatic activities such as dehydrogenase, phosphomonoesterase, β-glucosidase and fluorescein diacetate hydrolysis significantly improved. Besides an enhancement of lettuce biomass, a significant decrease of nitrate content in plant tissue was registered when pots were amended with biochar-treated digestates.</p><p>The assessment of the agronomic quality of liquid and solid digestates, obtained by biochar assisted AD of OMW, as organic soil amendment, demonstrated that also critical biomass such as OMW, if opportunely treated, can entry in a re-use process where biogas and by-products can be part of virtuous circular economy.</p><p>This work was part of the project “Mitigation of the environmental impact of olive mill waste water through sustainable bioprocess with energy recovery” funded by the Università degli Studi di Napoli Federico II.</p>

Changes in soil chemical and biochemical properties following amendment with crude and dephenolized olive mill waste water (OMW)

Geoderma ◽  
2011 ◽  
Vol 161 (1-2) ◽  
pp. 8-17 ◽  
Author(s):  
Anna Piotrowska ◽  
Maria Antonietta Rao ◽  
Riccardo Scotti ◽  
Liliana Gianfreda
Keyword(s):  
Waste Water ◽  
Biochemical Properties ◽  
Olive Mill Waste ◽  
Olive Mill Waste Water ◽  
Mill Waste ◽  
Olive Mill

Isolation of a hydroxytyrosol lactone conjugate from olive mill waste water with antioxidant activity

Planta Medica ◽  
2014 ◽  
Vol 80 (16) ◽  
Author(s):  
K Vougogiannopoulou ◽  
H Pratsinis ◽  
R Grougnet ◽  
M Halabalaki ◽  
D Kletsas ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Waste Water ◽  
Antioxidant Activity ◽  
Olive Mill Waste ◽  
Olive Mill Waste Water ◽  
Mill Waste ◽  
Olive Mill

scholarly journals Utilization of Polymer Concrete Composites for a Circular Economy: A Comparative Review for Assessment of Recycling and Waste Utilization

Polymers ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 13 (13) ◽  
pp. 2135
Author(s):  
Hatem Alhazmi ◽  
Syyed Adnan Raheel Shah ◽  
Muhammad Kashif Anwar ◽  
Ali Raza ◽  
Muhammad Kaleem Ullah ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Polymer Composites ◽  
Polymer Composite ◽  
Circular Economy ◽  
Agricultural Waste ◽  
High Strength ◽  
Supplementary Cementitious Materials ◽  
Polymer Concrete ◽  
Promising Alternative ◽  
Detailed Review ◽  
Comparative Review

Polymer composites have been identified as the most innovative and selective materials known in the 21st century. Presently, polymer concrete composites (PCC) made from industrial or agricultural waste are becoming more popular as the demand for high-strength concrete for various applications is increasing. Polymer concrete composites not only provide high strength properties but also provide specific characteristics, such as high durability, decreased drying shrinkage, reduced permeability, and chemical or heat resistance. This paper provides a detailed review of the utilization of polymer composites in the construction industry based on the circular economy model. This paper provides an updated and detailed report on the effects of polymer composites in concrete as supplementary cementitious materials and a comprehensive analysis of the existing literature on their utilization and the production of polymer composites. A detailed review of a variety of polymers, their qualities, performance, and classification, and various polymer composite production methods is given to select the best polymer composite materials for specific applications. PCCs have become a promising alternative for the reuse of waste materials due to their exceptional performance. Based on the findings of the studies evaluated, it can be concluded that more research is needed to provide a foundation for a regulatory structure for the acceptance of polymer composites.

scholarly journals Recent Updates on the Conversion of Pineapple Waste (Ananas comosus) to Value-Added Products, Future Perspectives and Challenges

Agronomy ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (11) ◽  
pp. 2221
Author(s):  
Adila Fazliyana Aili Hamzah ◽  
Muhammad Hazwan Hamzah ◽  
Hasfalina Che Man ◽  
Nur Syakina Jamali ◽  
Shamsul Izhar Siajam ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Agricultural Waste ◽  
Sugar Content ◽  
Value Added ◽  
Green Energy ◽  
Raw Material ◽  
Ananas Comosus ◽  
Cellulose Content ◽  
Future Perspectives ◽  
Pineapple Waste ◽  
Protease Enzyme

Pineapple waste accounts for a significant part of waste accumulated in landfill which will further contribute to the release of greenhouse gases. With the rising pineapple demands worldwide, the abundance of pineapple waste and its disposal techniques are a major concern. Exploiting the pineapple waste into valuable products could be the most sustainable way of managing these residues due to their useful properties and compositions. In this review, we concentrated on producing useful products from on-farm pineapple waste and processing waste. Bioenergy is the most suitable option for green energy to encounter the increasing demand for renewable energy and promotes sustainable development for agricultural waste. The presence of protease enzyme in pineapple waste makes it a suitable raw material for bromelain production. The high cellulose content present in pineapple waste has a potential for the production of cellulose nanocrystals, biodegradable packaging and bio-adsorbent, and can potentially be applied in the polymer, food and textile industries. Other than that, it is also a suitable substrate for the production of wine, vinegar and organic acid due to its high sugar content, especially from the peel wastes. The potentials of bioenergy production through biofuels (bioethanol, biobutanol and biodiesel) and biogas (biomethane and biohydrogen) were also assessed. The commercial use of pineapples is also highlighted. Despite the opportunities, future perspectives and challenges concerning pineapple waste utilisation to value-added goods were also addressed. Pineapple waste conversions have shown to reduce waste generation, and the products derived from the conversion would support the waste-to-wealth concept.

scholarly journals Composted versus Raw Olive Mill Waste as Substrates for the Production of Medicinal Mushrooms: An Assessment of Selected Cultivation and Quality Parameters

2013 ◽  
Vol 2013 ◽  
pp. 1-13 ◽  
Author(s):  
Georgios I. Zervakis ◽  
Georgios Koutrotsios ◽  
Panagiotis Katsaris
Keyword(s):  
Wheat Straw ◽  
Agricultural Waste ◽  
Quality Parameters ◽  
Biological Efficiency ◽  
Total Phenolic ◽  
Mycelium Growth ◽  
Medicinal Mushrooms ◽  
Olive Mill Waste ◽  
Mill Waste ◽  
Olive Mill

Two-phase olive mill waste (TPOMW, “alperujo”) is a highly biotoxic sludge-like effluent of the olive-oil milling process with a huge seasonal production. One of the treatment approaches that has so far received little attention is the use of TPOMW as substrate for the cultivation of edible mushrooms. Fifteen fungal strains belonging to five species (Basidiomycota), that is,Agrocybe cylindracea,Pleurotus cystidiosus,P. eryngii,P. ostreatus, andP. pulmonarius, were evaluated for their efficacy to colonize media composed of TPOMW, which was used either raw or composted in mixtures with wheat straw in various ratios. Qualified strains exhibited high values of biological efficiency (e.g., 120–135% forPleurotusspp. and 125% forA. cylindracea) and productivity in subsequent cultivation experiments on substrates supplemented with 20–40% composted TPOMW or 20% raw TPOMW. Only when supplementation exceeded 60% for raw TPOMW, a negative impact was noted on mushroom yields which could be attributed to the effluent's toxicity (otherwise alleviated in the respective composted TPOMW medium). Earliness and mushroom size as well as quality parameters such as total phenolic content and antioxidant activity did not demonstrate significant differences versus the control wheat-straw substrate. The substrates hemicellulose content was negatively correlated with mycelium growth rates and yields and positively with earliness; in addition, cellulose: lignin ratio presented a positive correlation with mycelium growth and mushroom weight forA. cylindraceaand with earliness for all species examined. TPOMW-based media revealed a great potential for the substitution of traditional cultivation substrates by valorizing environmentally hazardous agricultural waste.

scholarly journals Ultra-Pure Hydrogen via Co-Valorization of Olive Mill Wastewater and Bioethanol in Pd-Membrane Reactors

Processes ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 8 (2) ◽  
pp. 219 ◽  
Author(s):  
David Alique ◽  
Giacomo Bruni ◽  
Raúl Sanz ◽  
José Antonio Calles ◽  
Silvano Tosti
Keyword(s):  
Hydrogen Production ◽  
Space Velocity ◽  
Green Energy ◽  
Olive Mill Wastewater ◽  
Membrane Reactors ◽  
Pure Hydrogen ◽  
Permeate Flux ◽  
Pd Membrane ◽  
H2 Recovery ◽  
Olive Mill

Olive mill wastewater (OMW) presents high environmental impact due to the fact of its elevated organic load and toxicity, especially in Mediterranean countries. Its valorization for simultaneous pollutants degradation and green energy production is receiving great attention, mainly via steam reforming for hydrogen generation. Following previous works, the present research goes into detail about OMW valorization, particularly investigating for the first time the potential benefits of OMW–bioethanol mixtures co-reforming for ultra-pure hydrogen production in Pd-membrane reactors. In this manner, the typical large dilution of OMW and, hence, excess water can be used as a reactant for obtaining additional hydrogen from ethanol. Fresh OMW was previously conditioned by filtration and distillation processes, analyzing later the effect of pressure (1–5 bar), oxidizing conditions (N2 or air as carrier gas), gas hourly space velocity (150–1500 h−1), and alcohol concentration on the co-reforming process (5–10% v/v). In all cases, the exploitation of OMW as a source of environmentally friendly hydrogen was demonstrated, obtaining up to 30 NmL·min−1 of pure H2 at the most favorable experimental conditions. In the membrane reactor, higher pressures up to 5 bar promoted both total H2 production and pure H2 recovery due to the increase in the permeate flux despite the negative effect on reforming thermodynamics. The increase of ethanol concentration also provoked a positive effect, although not in a proportional relation. Thus, a greater effect was obtained for the increase from 5% to 7.5% v/v in comparison to the additional improvement up to 10% v/v. On the contrary, the use of oxidative conditions slightly decreased the hydrogen production rate, while the effect of gas hourly space velocity needs to be carefully analyzed due to the contrary effect on potential total H2 generation and pure H2 recovery.

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