Ground motion detection in Central South Asturias (N Spain) by using Sentinel-1 SAR data

<p>In this work, the A-DInSAR techniques are applied in a mountainous area located in the Central South of Asturias (N Spain), where there are significant landslide and subsidence phenomena. The main aim of this study is detecting and analysing ground deformations associated to slope instabilities and subsidence processes. For this, 113 SAR images, provided by Sentinel-1A/B between January 2018 and February 2020, were acquired and processed by means of PSIG software (developed by the Geomatics Division of the CTTC). The results show a velocity range between -18.4 and 10.0 mm/year, and minimum and maximum accumulated ground displacements of -35.0 and 17.5 mm. This study has made possible to differentiate local sectors with recent deformation related to landslide incidence, urban/mining subsidence, and land recuperation due to aquifer recharge. This work corroborates the reliability and usefulness of the A-DInSAR processing as a powerful tool in the study and analysis of geological hazards on regional and local scales using Sentinel-1 data collection, showing also the high difficulty of processing mountainous areas with few urban sectors.</p>

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Association between the type of physical activity and metabolic syndrome in middle-aged and older adult residents of a semi-mountainous area in Japan

Environmental Health and Preventive Medicine ◽

10.1186/s12199-021-00949-x ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 26 (1) ◽

Author(s):

Noriko Kudo ◽

Ritsuko Nishide ◽

Mayumi Mizutani ◽

Shota Ogawa ◽

Susumu Tanimura

Keyword(s):

Physical Activity ◽

Metabolic Syndrome ◽

Older Women ◽

Secondary Data ◽

Daily Physical Activity ◽

Mountainous Area ◽

Mountainous Areas ◽

Middle Aged ◽

Type Activity ◽

Specific Health

Abstract Background Physical activity is reported to prevent metabolic syndrome. However, it is unclear whether exercise or daily physical activity is more beneficial for residents of semi-mountainous areas. This study aimed to identify whether daily physical activity is more beneficial than exercise for the prevention of metabolic syndrome among middle-aged and older residents in semi-mountainous areas. Methods We analyzed secondary data of 636 people who underwent a specific health checkup in a semi-mountainous area of Japan. Physical activity was classified into four types: inactivity (I-type; without exercise and without daily physical activity), only exercise (E-type; with exercise and without daily physical activity), only daily physical activity (D-type; without exercise and with daily physical activity), and full physical activity type (F-type; with exercise and with daily physical activity). We compared the means of risk factors for metabolic syndrome by these four types, followed by logistic regression analysis, to identify whether and to what extent the D-type was less likely to have metabolic syndrome than the E-type. Results The prevalence of metabolic syndrome was 28.5% (men 45.7%, women 15.8%). The proportions of men with exercise and daily physical activity were 38.7% and 52.8%, respectively. For women, the proportions were 33.0% and 47.1%, respectively. In women, the D-type had the significantly lowest BMI, smallest waist circumference, highest HDL-C, and lowest prevalence of metabolic syndrome of the four types; the same was not observed in men. Additionally, D-type activity was more strongly associated with a reduced risk of metabolic syndrome than E-type activity in women (adjusted odds ratio 0.24; 95% confidence interval 0.06–0.85, P = 0.028). Conclusions Compared to middle-aged and older women residents with exercise in a semi-mountainous area of Japan, those with daily physical activity may effectively prevent metabolic syndrome.

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Using Sentinel-1 SAR data to detect earth surface changes related to neotectonics in the Focșani basin (Eastern Romania)

10.7287/peerj.preprints.27084 ◽

2018 ◽

Author(s):

Nicusor Necula ◽

Mihai Niculita ◽

Mario Floris

Keyword(s):

Opposite Direction ◽

Seismic Data ◽

High Density ◽

Earth Surface ◽

Sar Images ◽

Ground Deformations ◽

Geological Surveys ◽

Triggering Conditions ◽

Potential Use ◽

Surface Changes

Ground deformations are the result of interactions between terrain and various processes. Their identification and monitoring becomes an important step as they can provide insights about Earth’s dynamics or process triggering conditions. This paper aims to show the potential use of Sentinel-1 SAR images to identify ground deformations induced by neotectonics. Hence, we applied PS-InSAR stacking technique on Sentinel-1 ascending dataset in the area of Focșani basin, Eastern Romania. High density of PS obtained in populated areas allows the detection of tectonic fractures. They are characterized by blocks movement in opposite direction with 5-10 mm/year. Detection of geologic lineaments using free Sentinel-1 data presents a great advantage for future geological surveys which permits a better delineation of tectonic accidents, especially where seismic data are not available.

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Fatigue Load Spectrum of Highway Bridge Vehicles in Plateau Mountainous Area Based on Wireless Sensing

Mobile Information Systems ◽

10.1155/2021/9955988 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 2021 ◽

pp. 1-8

Author(s):

Li Rui ◽

Xie Xiaoyu ◽

Duan Xueyan

Keyword(s):

Low Cost ◽

Mineral Resources ◽

Highway Bridges ◽

Equivalent Model ◽

Distribution Model ◽

Mountainous Area ◽

Wireless Sensing ◽

Mountainous Areas ◽

Load Spectrum ◽

Fatigue Load

In Yunnan and other plateau mountainous areas, hydropower and mineral resources are abundant, and there are relatively many vehicles used for the transportation of large hydropower facilities. The widespread phenomenon of vehicle overload causes severe fatigue among the drivers. However, there is no reference vehicle load spectrum for fatigue analysis in the existing research. The application of wireless sensing technology to bridge health monitoring is favorable for the entire monitoring system’s low-cost and intelligent development. In this study, wireless sensors are used to collect sensing data in the measured area and perform preliminary filtering processing. The data collected by the sensing layer is aggregated at the TD gateway layer to realize local short-term storage of monitoring data, and 3G wireless transmission is used for the effective processing of the data. The clustering method is used to classify the vehicle models based on investigating the most representative expressway traffic flow information in Yunnan Province. Moreover, the weighted probability distribution model of different vehicle models is established through statistical analysis, which simplifies the composition’s fatigue intensity spectrum model. The selection of five vehicles of the equivalent model followed by a six-axle vehicle has the most significant impact on bridge damage as the standard fatigue vehicle. The research results establish a basis for the fatigue design of highway bridges in plateau and mountainous areas and provide data to establish vehicle fatigue load spectra in national highway regions.

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Airborne gravity measurements over mountainous areas by using a LaCoste & Romberg air‐sea gravity meter

Geophysics ◽

10.1190/1.1484525 ◽

2002 ◽

Vol 67 (3) ◽

pp. 807-816 ◽

Cited By ~ 8

Author(s):

Jérôme Verdun ◽

Roger Bayer ◽

Emile E. Klingelé ◽

Marc Cocard ◽

Alain Geiger ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Data Reduction ◽

Classical Method ◽

Gravity Data ◽

Airborne Gravity ◽

Mountainous Area ◽

Vertical Acceleration ◽

Mountainous Areas ◽

Free Air ◽

Gravity Measurements ◽

Free Air Anomaly

This paper introduces a new approach to airborne gravity data reduction well‐suited for surveys flown at high altitude with respect to gravity sources (mountainous areas). Classical technique is reviewed and illustrated in taking advantage of airborne gravity measurements performed over the western French Alps by using a LaCoste & Romberg air‐sea gravity meter. The part of nongravitational vertical accelerations correlated with gravity meter measurements are investigated with the help of coherence spectra. Beam velocity has proved to be strikingly correlated with vertical acceleration of the aircraft. This finding is theoretically argued by solving the equation of the gravimetric system (gravity meter and stabilized platform). The transfer function of the system is derived, and a new formulation of airborne gravity data reduction, which takes care of the sensitive response of spring tension to observable gravity field wavelengths, is given. The resulting gravity signal exhibits a residual noise caused by electronic devices and short‐wavelength Eötvös effects. The use of dedicated exponential filters gives us a way to eliminate these high‐frequency effects. Examples of the resulting free‐air anomaly at 5100‐m altitude along one particular profile are given and compared with free‐air anomaly deduced from the classical method for processing airborne gravity data, and with upward‐continued ground gravity data. The well‐known trade‐off between accuracy and resolution is discussed in the context of a mountainous area.

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EXTERNAL BALLISTICS TASK MODELLING FEATURES / IŠORINĖS BALISTIKOS UŽDAVINIO MODELIAVIMO YPATUMAI

Aviation ◽

10.3846/16487788.2011.648311 ◽

2012 ◽

Vol 15 (4) ◽

pp. 112-116 ◽

Cited By ~ 3

Author(s):

Albertas Pincevičius ◽

Vaclovas Jonevičius ◽

Romualdas Baušys

Keyword(s):

Computer Control ◽

Mountainous Area ◽

Mountainous Areas ◽

Height Difference ◽

Control Programs

Based on the solutions of an external ballistics task, tables are made for firearms and tables or computer control programs for heavy weapons. If you shoot in a mountainous area where the height difference between gunner and target can be about a hundred meters, defined skills for firing are necessary. We can make specific tables of firing with firearms in mountainous areas. Mortars are relatively simple and inexpensive weapons, and therefore their management has never been computerised. We have shown that this deficiency can be corrected. The programs described above calculate the required parameters very quickly. Santrauka Remiantis išorinės balistikos uždavinio sprendimais, šaulių ginklams sudaromos lentelės, o sunkiesiems ginklams – lentelės arba kompiuterinės valdymo programos. Jeigu šaudoma kalnuotoje vietovėje, kur aukščių skirtumas tarp šaulio ir taikinio siekia net šimtą metrų, reikia konkrečių įgūdžių. Galima sudaryti specifines šaudymo šaulių ginklais kalnuose lenteles. Minosvaidis yra santykinai paprastas ginklas, todėl jo valdymas nebūna kompiuterizuotas. Parodyta, kad šį trūkumą galima pataisyti. Aprašytos programos per kelias dešimtis sekundžių suskaičiuoja reikiamus parametrus.

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Analysis of the Effect of Natural Slope Stability due to Tunnel Excavation in Mountainous Areas

Advanced Materials Research ◽

10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.690-693.938 ◽

2013 ◽

Vol 690-693 ◽

pp. 938-942

Author(s):

Xu Li Liang ◽

Fei Wang ◽

Gang Li Hao

Keyword(s):

Slope Stability ◽

Influence Function ◽

Function Method ◽

Mountainous Area ◽

Mountainous Areas ◽

Tunnel Excavation ◽

Natural Slope ◽

Influence Function Method ◽

Theoretical Results ◽

Good Agreement

The effect of natural slope stability due to the tunnel excavation in mountainous areas is studied used influence function method, and one tunnel excavation project in Hebei province was analyzed, the theoretical results obtained are in good agreement with the real monitoring data, therefore, the influence function method can be effectively used to predict the ground displacement caused by tunnel excavation in mountainous area, which could provide the basis for the evaluation of the safety of such works.

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CAD-MAP and estimation of ALV positions in mountainous areas

Robotica ◽

10.1017/s0263574700017318 ◽

1994 ◽

Vol 12 (4) ◽

pp. 287-297 ◽

Cited By ~ 1

Keyword(s):

Computational Efficiency ◽

Solution Method ◽

Vision System ◽

Position Estimation ◽

Mountainous Area ◽

Mountainous Areas ◽

Land Vehicle ◽

Peak Point ◽

Peak Points ◽

Solution Accuracy

SUMMARYPosition estimation is a key issue for an ALV Autonomous Land Vehicle) in navigating a mountainous area. The unevenness of the terrain makes mechanical velocity sensors inaccurate (due to wheel slippage), and the lack of appropriate landmarks complicates the problem. In this paper, we present a solution method using features of the skyline. The skyline from the vision system is assumed given, and compared with a computer map, called the CAD-MAP. The algorithm is composed of: a) Identification of the peak points in the camera skyline, b) Computing the ALV position for the identified peak points, and c) Searching for the corresponding peak point in the CAD-MAP. Heuristics for computational efficiency and solution accuracy are also included in the algorithm. To test the validity and effectiveness of the algorithm, numerous simulations were performed and analyzed.

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Increasing Rainfall and Runoff in Alpine Mountainous Areas Can't Completely Eliminate Drought Driven by Temperature Rise

10.21203/rs.3.rs-118409/v1 ◽

2020 ◽

Author(s):

Yu Deng ◽

Zhifeng Guo ◽

Fuquan Ni ◽

Lianqing Xue ◽

Yiping Wu ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Climate Change ◽

Temperature Rise ◽

Assessment Tool ◽

Swat Model ◽

Heihe River ◽

Mountainous Area ◽

Mountainous Areas ◽

Runoff Change ◽

Scientific Significance ◽

The Impact

Abstract Drought research under climate change is of great scientific significance. For Land Use and Land Cover Change (LUCC), temperature and rainfall in climate change, which factor has a greater impact on runoff change in alpine mountainous areas? Can the increase of rainfall in the alpine mountainous area completely eliminate the drought driven by temperature rise? This study takes the upper reaches of Heihe River basin (URHRB) as an example, the URHRB's Soil and Water Assessment Tool (SWAT) model is constructed. Based on 58 scenarios and The Budyko Framework, here we show that a)climate change has a greater contribution to runoff than LUCC, effect of increased rainfall greater than temperature rising on runoff in alpine mountainous area; b)the drought of 57.14% of UHRRB’s sub-basins have eased, 42.86% of the sub-basins is more serious, the increase in rainfall can't completely eliminate the drought driven by temperature rise. This study coupling SWAT simulation with Budyko Framework and other methods solves the problem of lack of data in alpine mountainous areas, and more accurately quantifies the impact of climate change, LUCC on runoff changes, realizing theoretical and method innovation. The results of this study provide a scientific paradigm for solving scientific problems in similar regions in China and other countries, and have important promotion value.

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Extreme wind speed prediction in mountainous area with mixed wind climates

10.21203/rs.3.rs-1178203/v1 ◽

2022 ◽

Author(s):

Teng Ma ◽

Wei Cui ◽

Lin Zhao ◽

Yejun Ding ◽

Genshen Fang ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Wind Speed ◽

Mountainous Area ◽

Construction Site ◽

Wind System ◽

Mountainous Areas ◽

Wind Speeds ◽

Extreme Wind ◽

Synoptic Wind ◽

Extreme Wind Speed ◽

Extreme Wind Speeds

Abstract In addition to common synoptic wind system, the mountainous terrain forms a local thermally driven wind system, which makes the mountain wind system have strong terrain dependence. Therefore, in order to estimate the reliable design wind speeds for structural safety, the samples for extreme wind speeds for certain return periods at mountainous areas can only come from field measurements at construction site. However, wind speeds measuring duration is usually short in real practice. This work proposes a novel method for calculating extreme wind speeds in mountainous areas by using short-term field measurement data and long-term nearby meteorological observatory data. Extreme wind speeds in mountainous area are affected by mixed climates composed by local-scale wind and large scale synoptic wind. The local winds can be recorded at construction site with short observatory time, while the extreme wind speeds samples from synoptic wind climate from nearby meteorological station with long observatory time is extracted for data augmentation. The bridge construction site at Hengduan Mountains in southwestern China is taken as an example in this study. A 10-month dataset of field measurement wind speeds is recorded at this location. This study firstly provides a new method to extract wind speed time series of windstorms. Based on the different windstorm features, the local and synoptic winds are separated. Next, the synoptic wind speeds from nearby meteorological stations are converted and combined with local winds to derive the extreme wind speeds probability distribution function. The calculation results shows that the extreme wind speed in the short return period is controlled by the local wind system, and the long-period extreme wind speed is determined by the synoptic wind system in the mountain area.

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