scholarly journals A new mobile and portable scanning lidar for profiling the lower troposphere

2015 ◽  
Vol 4 (1) ◽  
pp. 35-44 ◽  
Author(s):  
C.-W. Chiang ◽  
S. K. Das ◽  
H.-W. Chiang ◽  
J.-B. Nee ◽  
S.-H. Sun ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Atmospheric Aerosols ◽  
High Speed ◽  
Stimulated Raman Scattering ◽  
Layer Structure ◽  
Lower Troposphere ◽  
Sea Breeze ◽  
Industrial Area ◽  
Atmospheric Pollutants ◽  
Lidar System ◽  
Scanning Lidar

Abstract. An in-house developed mobile and portable three-dimensional scanning lidar system is discussed in this work. The system uses a stimulated Raman-scattering technique for the continuous observation of atmospheric aerosols, clouds and trace gases. This system has a fast scanning technique with a high-speed data acquisition, and permits the real-time measurement of atmospheric pollutants with the temporal resolution of 1 min. This scanning lidar system provides typical horizontal coverage of about 8–10 km while scanning; however, in zenith mode, good quality backscattered signals can be from 20 km, depending upon the laser power and sky conditions. This versatile lidar system has also overcome the drawbacks which are popular in the traditional scanning lidar systems such as complicated operation, overlap height between laser beam and telescope field of view In this system, the optical damage is reduced by using an integral coaxial transmitter and receiver. Some of the initial results obtained from the scanning lidar system are also presented. This study shows that boundary-layer structure and land–sea breeze circulation can be resolved from the developed scanning lidar system. The application of this lidar system to measure the pollutants over an industrial area is also discussed.

scholarly journals A new mobile and portable scanning lidar for profiling lower troposphere

2014 ◽  
Vol 4 (1) ◽  
pp. 165-190 ◽  
Author(s):  
C.-W. Chiang ◽  
S. K. Das ◽  
H.-W. Chiang ◽  
J.-B. Nee ◽  
S.-H. Sun ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Atmospheric Aerosols ◽  
High Speed ◽  
Stimulated Raman Scattering ◽  
Layer Structure ◽  
Lower Troposphere ◽  
Data Retrieval ◽  
Air Pollutant ◽  
Lidar System ◽  
Vertical Range ◽  
Scanning Lidar

Abstract. We present and discuss on an indigenously developed mobile and portable 3-D scanning lidar system. The system utilizes a stimulated Raman-scattering technique for the continuous observation of atmospheric aerosols, clouds and trace gases. The system provides fast scanning technique with a high speed data acquisition, which permits the real-time measurement of air pollutant mobility. The temporal resolution of data retrieval is every one min. The scanning lidar system provides typical horizontal coverage of about 8–10 km when scanning, while the vertical range can be up to 20 km depending upon the laser power and sky conditions. This versatile lidar system has also overcome the drawbacks which are popular in the other scanning lidar system such as complicated operation; overlapping height between laser beam and telescope field of view; and damage of optic detectors for long duration measurement by using an integral coaxial transmitter and receiver. Some of the initial results obtained from the scanning lidar system are also presented. We have shown that the developed 3-D scanning lidar system can resolve the boundary layer structure and land-sea breeze circulation. Discussion is also made on the application of scanning lidar system to measure pollutant over industrial areas.

scholarly journals Populus nigra Italica Leaves as a Valuable Tool for Mineralogical and Geochemical Interpretation of Inorganic Atmospheric Aerosols’ Genesis

Atmosphere ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 11 (10) ◽  
pp. 1126
Author(s):  
Maciej Górka ◽  
Wojciech Bartz ◽  
Alisa Skuridina ◽  
Anna Potysz
Keyword(s):  
Atmospheric Aerosols ◽  
Inductively Coupled Plasma ◽  
Fine Particles ◽  
Industrial Area ◽  
Populus Nigra ◽  
Atmospheric Pollutants ◽  
Inductively Coupled ◽  
Plasma Mass Spectrometry ◽  
Metallic Contaminants ◽  
Ultra Fine Particles

The Olmaliq industrial area in Uzbekistan is believed to represent a risk to the environment and to human health due to the dispersal of contaminants into the air and soil. This study was undertaken to delineate the track of airborne contaminants’ migration and to assess the distribution of such particles deposited on Populus nigra L. cv Italica leaves and soils. Particles were identified using scanning electron microscopy–energy-dispersive X-ray spectroscopy (SEM-EDX), while bulk soil composition was quantified by applying inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry (ICP-MS). The results of this study confirmed the research hypothesis, indicating the industrial center as a source of pollution and human exposure to metallic contaminants. The Olmaliq area in particular is strongly influenced by atmospheric pollutants from local industries. The spread of ultra-fine particles is mainly governed by the industrial output and the direction of prevailing winds.

scholarly journals Monitoring of the particles above the unpaved road by lidar technique

2013 ◽  
Vol 13 (4) ◽  
pp. 309-316
Keyword(s):  
Atmospheric Aerosols ◽  
Light Detection And Ranging ◽  
Lidar System ◽  
Unpaved Road ◽  
Range Resolution ◽  
Advantages And Disadvantages ◽  
Maximum Range ◽  
Scanning Lidar ◽  
Basic Concepts ◽  
Elastic Backscattering

Basic concepts of laser-based technique LIDAR (LIght Detection and Ranging) are discussed in this article as well as advantages and disadvantages. Presented are measurements of relative particulate concentrations above an unpaved road which were performed in a rural area near the Iowa City, Iowa, USA. The LIDAR system used in these measurements is a small, scanning LIDAR that uses elastic backscattering to obtain information on the amount of atmospheric aerosols. In the elastic LIDAR, light scattered back towards the LIDAR system from molecules and particles in the atmosphere is collected by a telescope and is detected with a photodiode. A Big Sky Laser model CFR-200 Nd:YAG laser operating at 1.064 microns is used to generate the LIDAR's outgoing signal. The laser is attached directly to the top of a 26 cm, f/10 Cassegrian telescope. A series of pulses are summed to make a single scan. A series of scans is used to build up a twodimensional map of relative atmospheric aerosol concentrations. With a maximum range of about 6-8 km, a range resolution of 2.5 m, and a time resolution of 30 s, the LIDAR is capable of very detailed mapping of aerosols.

Compact high-speed scanning lidar system

2012 ◽  
Author(s):  
Cameron Dickinson ◽  
Marwan Hussein ◽  
Jeff Tripp ◽  
Manny Nimelman ◽  
Alexander Koujelev
Keyword(s):  
High Speed ◽  
Lidar System ◽  
Scanning Lidar

Aerosol density distribution in the boundary layer measured by a scanning LIDAR system

1993 ◽  
Author(s):  
Shlomo Fastig ◽  
Y. Benayahu ◽  
Abraham Englander ◽  
E. Glaser
Keyword(s):  
Boundary Layer ◽  
Density Distribution ◽  
Lidar System ◽  
Scanning Lidar

scholarly journals Analyzing the basic meteorological aspects of a particulate air pollution episode over the industrial area of Northwestern Greece during the November of 2009

2013 ◽  
Vol 15 (2) ◽  
pp. 241-253 ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Air Pollution ◽  
Particulate Matter ◽  
Wind Field ◽  
Lower Troposphere ◽  
Airborne Particulate Matter ◽  
Radical Change ◽  
Industrial Area ◽  
Lower Atmosphere ◽  
Horizontal Wind ◽  
Pollution Episode

The complex terrain basin of Amyntaio – Ptolemais – Kozani in Western Macedonia of Greece is an area characterized by increased industrial activity and therefore it demands continuous and assiduous environmental monitoring. A prolonged particulate matter air pollution episode was recorded in the area during November 2009. Basic meteorological aspects are analyzed, during the episode period. Daily and hourly PM10 and PM2.5 concentration measurements were used along with surface and lower atmosphere hourly meteorological parameters from 13 measuring stations. The observational data were supported by data produced by the meteorological component of an air pollution model. The overall analysis showed that the episode was primarily the result of the synoptic setting of the middle and lower troposphere. An Omega blocking pattern which gradually transformed to a high-over-low pattern prevailed over central and southern Europe during the episode’s period. The examination of the vertical wind field in the lower troposphere and appropriate stability indices, revealed a continuous absence of significant convection. The weak horizontal wind field near the surface and the reduced mixing height combined with the lack of synoptic forcing resulted in the trapping of the pollutants in the lower troposphere and the recording of increased airborne particulate matter concentrations. The radical change of the synoptic setting in the first days of December marked the end of the episode.

scholarly journals Label-free chemical imaging flow cytometry by high-speed multicolor stimulated Raman scattering

2019 ◽  
Vol 116 (32) ◽  
pp. 15842-15848 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yuta Suzuki ◽  
Koya Kobayashi ◽  
Yoshifumi Wakisaka ◽  
Dinghuan Deng ◽  
Shunji Tanaka ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Flow Cytometry ◽  
Raman Scattering ◽  
Cancer Biology ◽  
High Speed ◽  
Stimulated Raman Scattering ◽  
Chemical Imaging ◽  
Fluorescent Labeling ◽  
Label Free ◽  
Imaging Flow Cytometry ◽  
Stimulated Raman

Combining the strength of flow cytometry with fluorescence imaging and digital image analysis, imaging flow cytometry is a powerful tool in diverse fields including cancer biology, immunology, drug discovery, microbiology, and metabolic engineering. It enables measurements and statistical analyses of chemical, structural, and morphological phenotypes of numerous living cells to provide systematic insights into biological processes. However, its utility is constrained by its requirement of fluorescent labeling for phenotyping. Here we present label-free chemical imaging flow cytometry to overcome the issue. It builds on a pulse pair-resolved wavelength-switchable Stokes laser for the fastest-to-date multicolor stimulated Raman scattering (SRS) microscopy of fast-flowing cells on a 3D acoustic focusing microfluidic chip, enabling an unprecedented throughput of up to ∼140 cells/s. To show its broad utility, we use the SRS imaging flow cytometry with the aid of deep learning to study the metabolic heterogeneity of microalgal cells and perform marker-free cancer detection in blood.

scholarly journals Observations of the summertime atmospheric pollutants vertical distributions and the corresponding ozone production in Shanghai, China

2017 ◽  
Author(s):  
Chengzhi Xing ◽  
Cheng Liu ◽  
Shanshan Wang ◽  
Ka Lok Chan ◽  
Yang Gao ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Vertical Distribution ◽  
Pearson Correlation ◽  
A Priori ◽  
Lower Troposphere ◽  
Sensitivity Study ◽  
Atmospheric Pollutants ◽  
Ozone Production ◽  
Optical Absorption Spectroscopy ◽  
Lidar Measurements ◽  
Vertical Distributions

Abstract. Ground based Multi-Axis Differential Optical Absorption Spectroscopy (MAX-DOAS) and lidar measurements were performed in Shanghai, China during May 2016 to investigate the summertime atmospheric pollutants vertical distribution. In this study, vertical profiles of aerosol extinction coefficient, nitrogen dioxide (NO2) and formaldehyde (HCHO) concentrations were retrieved from MAX-DOAS measurement using the Heidelberg Profile (HeiPro) algorithm, while vertical distribution of ozone (O3) was obtained from an ozone lidar. Sensitivity study of the MAX-DOAS aerosol profile retrieval shows that the a priori aerosol profile shape has significant influences on the aerosol profile retrieval. Aerosol profiles retrieved from MAX-DOAS measurements with Gaussian a priori demonstrate the best agreements with simultaneous lidar measurements and vehicle-based tethered-balloon observations among all a priori aerosol profiles. MAX-DOAS measured tropospheric NO2Vertical Column Densities (VCDs) show a good agreement with OMI satellite observations with Pearson correlation coefficient (R) of 0.95. In addition, measurements of the O3 vertical distribution indicate that the ozone productions do not only occur at surface level but also at higher altitudes (about 1.1 km). Planetary boundary layer (PBL) height, horizontal and vertical wind fields information were integrated to discuss the ozone formation at upper altitudes. The results reveal that enhanced ozone concentrations at ground and upper altitudes are not directly related to horizontal and vertical transportations. Similar patterns of O3 and HCHO vertical distributions were observed during this campaign, which implies that the ozone productions near to the surface and at higher altitudes are mainly influenced by the abundance of volatile organic compounds (VOCs) in the lower troposphere.

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