scholarly journals Modeling for transboundary water resources planning and allocation

2008 ◽  
Vol 5 (1) ◽  
pp. 475-509 ◽  
Author(s):  
D. Juízo ◽  
R. Lidén
Keyword(s):  
South Africa ◽  
Water Resources ◽  
River Basin ◽  
Southern Africa ◽  
Degrees Of Freedom ◽  
System Analysis ◽  
Model Performance ◽  
Yield Model ◽  
Water Users ◽  
Development Scenarios

Abstract. International water resources agreements for transboundary rivers in southern Africa are based on system analysis models for water planning and allocation. The Water Resources Yield Model (WRYM) developed in South Africa has so far been the only model applied in official joint water resources studies aimed to form water-sharing agreements. The continuous discussion around the model performance and growing distress over it being South African, where it was originally developed, while South Africa is one of the interested parties in the process, results in an increased controversy over the system analysis results that are often only meant to guide in selecting the options for water resources management in a given set of scenarios. The objective of this study was therefore to assess the model performance of two other models; WAFLEX and WEAP21 in the Umbeluzi River Basin system where the WRYM was previously applied as part of a Joint River Basin Study. A set of basin development scenarios was equally tested in the three models and the results compared. The results show that the three models all are possible tools for system analysis of river basins in southern Africa, although the structure and complexity of the models are different. The obtained level of satisfaction for specific water users could, however, vary depending on which model was used, which causes uncertainties. The reason for the diverse results is the structurally different ways of describing allocation and prioritization of water in the three models. However, the large degrees of freedom in all system models cause even larger uncertainty in the results since the model user can, intentionally or unintentionally, direct the results to favor certain water users. The conclusion of this study is therefore that the choice of model does not per se affect the decision of best water allocation and infrastructure layout of a shared river basin. The chosen allocation and prioritization principles for the specific river basin and the model user's experience and integrity are more important factors to find the optimal and equitable allocation.

scholarly journals Modeling for transboundary water resources planning and allocation: the case of Southern Africa

2010 ◽  
Vol 14 (11) ◽  
pp. 2343-2354 ◽  
Author(s):  
D. Juízo ◽  
R. Lidén
Keyword(s):  
South Africa ◽  
Water Resources ◽  
River Basin ◽  
Southern Africa ◽  
Degrees Of Freedom ◽  
System Analysis ◽  
Model Performance ◽  
Yield Model ◽  
Water Users ◽  
Development Scenarios

Abstract. International water resources agreements for transboundary rivers in southern Africa are generally founded in system analysis models for water planning and allocation. The Water Resources Yield Model (WRYM) developed in South Africa has so far been the only model applied in official joint water resources studies aimed to form water-sharing agreements. The continuous discussion around the model performance and growing distress over it being South African, where it was originally developed, while South Africa is one of the interested parties in the process, results in an increased controversy over the system analysis results that are often only meant to guide in selecting the options for water resources management in a given set of scenarios. The objective of this study was therefore to assess the model performance of two other models; WAFLEX and WEAP21 in the Umbeluzi River Basin system where the WRYM was previously applied as part of a Joint River Basin Study. A set of basin development scenarios was equally tested in the three models and the results compared. The results show that the three models all are possible tools for system analysis of river basins in southern Africa, although the structure and complexity of the models are different. The obtained level of satisfaction for specific water users could, however, vary depending on which model was used, which causes uncertainties. The reason for the diverse results is the structurally different ways of describing allocation and prioritization of water in the three models. However, the large degrees of freedom in all system models cause even larger uncertainty in the results since the model developer can, intentionally or unintentionally, direct the results to favor certain water user. The conclusion of this study is therefore that the choice of model does not per se affect the decision of best water allocation and infrastructure layout of a shared river basin. The chosen allocation and prioritization principles for the specific river basin and the model developer's experience and integrity are more important factors to find the optimal and equitable allocation.

Integrated Hydroecological Monitoring of Watercourses in Zuya River Basin

2021 ◽  
Vol 25 (9) ◽  
pp. 73-79
Author(s):  
N.M. Ivanyutin ◽  
N.E. Volkova ◽  
S.V. Podovalova
Keyword(s):  
Water Resources ◽  
River Basin ◽  
Monitoring Network ◽  
Inhibitory Effect ◽  
Small Water ◽  
Water Users ◽  
Visual Survey ◽  
Water Disposal ◽  
Environmental Measures ◽  
Qualitative Characteristics

The results of a comprehensive agroecological assessment of the main watercourses of the Zuya river basin are presented. Studies were conducted in 2017–2020 and included: conducting a visual survey, measuring water consumption, assessing the qualitative characteristics of runoff, including phytotesting and determining its suitability for irrigation purposes. It was determined that the main pollutants of the watercourses were sulphates, phosphates, heavy metals. The assessment of salt composition of water resources has shown that they are mostly suitable for irrigation without restriction. However, according to the results of phytotesting, an inhibitory effect was recorded, which indicates a possible decrease in the yield of crops sensitive to water-contained pollutants. The water balance calculations showed the presence of a shortage of water resources in the Zuya river basin. The environmental situation on the surveyed water bodies was identified as unfavorable. The set of priority environmental measures includes: the creation of a permanent monitoring network, the arrangement of settlements with water disposal systems, the inventory of small water storage facilities and the implementation of the required repair and operational work on them, and the optimization of the number of water users.

АНАЛИЗ МНОГОЛЕТНЕЙ ДИНАМИКИ ВОДОПОЛЬЗОВАНИЯ НА ОРОСИТЕЛЬНЫХ СИСТЕМАХ КРАСНОДАРСКОГО КРАЯ

2020 ◽  
pp. 5
Author(s):  
N.O. Naumenko ◽  
A.A. Buber
Keyword(s):  
Water Resources ◽  
River Basin ◽  
Anthropogenic Activity ◽  
Negative Consequences ◽  
Irrigation Systems ◽  
Water Users ◽  
Activity Measures ◽  
Krasnodar Region ◽  
Kuban River ◽  
Surface And Groundwater

В работе рассмотрены основные водопользователи бассейна реки Кубань - оросительные системы Краснодарского края. Приведена динамика использования водных ресурсов поверхностных и подземных вод за 1999 - 2018 гг. по следующим показателям: забор воды из источников, в том числе из поверхностных и подземных, их использование, водоотведение и безвозвратное водопотребление относительно природных водных объектов. Анализ водохозяйственной обстановки бассейна р. Кубань выявил ряд проблем, связанных с рациональным использованием водных ресурсов. Для устранения негативных последствий, возникших, в том числе, вследствие антропогенной деятельности человека, на последующих этапах работы будут предложены мероприятия по уменьшению дефицита воды на рисовых оросительных системах в маловодные периоды.The article considers the Kuban river basin main water users - Krasnodar region irrigation systems. Considered the surface and groundwater water resources use dynamics from 1999 to 2018 for the following indicators: water intake from sources, including surface and underground, their use, drainage and irrevocable water consumption relative to natural water objects. Analysis of the water management situation in the Kuban river basin revealed a number of problems related to the rational water resources use. In order to eliminate the negative consequences that have arisen, including as a result of human anthropogenic activity, measures to reduce the water deficit in rice irrigation systems in low-water periods will be proposed at the next stages of the work.

Participatory and decentralized water resources management: challenges and perspectives for the North Paraíba River Basin committee – Brazil

2012 ◽  
Vol 66 (9) ◽  
pp. 2007-2013 ◽  
Author(s):  
M. A. F. M. Ribeiro ◽  
Z. M. C. L. Vieira ◽  
M. M. R. Ribeiro
Keyword(s):  
Water Resources ◽  
River Basin ◽  
The State ◽  
Northeastern Brazil ◽  
Participatory Management ◽  
Water Users ◽  
The North ◽  
State Water ◽  
Executive Agency

The Brazilian Water Resources Policy (Law 9433/1997) establishes participatory and decentralized management, involving civil society, water users and governmental bodies, with the basin committees as the basis of this process. Fifteen years after its implementation, it is possible to perceive accomplishments, but, at the same time, there are some difficulties in regards to the operation of the basin committees in the country. Considering the North Paraíba River Basin – which is completely included in the State of Paraíba, Northeastern Brazil, and presents great social and economic importance for the state – this article analyzes the process of formation, installation and functioning of its Basin Committee (CBH-PB), focusing on its composition, the reasons for the mobilization and demobilization of its members, the intra-relations between segments, and the inter-relations between the CBH-PB and other entities of the State Water Management System (the Water Executive Agency and the State Water Resources Council). The level of decentralization and the quality of participatory management (as it is being performed at the CBH-PB) are discussed and guidelines are suggested in order to allow greater effectiveness to the committee.

scholarly journals Modeling the supply, demand, and stress of water resources using ecosystem services concept in Sirvan River Basin (Kurdistan-Iran)

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jahanbakhsh Balist ◽  
Bahram Malekmohammadi ◽  
Hamid Reza Jafari ◽  
Ahmad Nohegar ◽  
Davide Geneletti
Keyword(s):  
Land Use ◽  
Ecosystem Services ◽  
Water Resources ◽  
River Basin ◽  
Water Scarcity ◽  
Supply And Demand ◽  
Stress Index ◽  
Water Yield ◽  
Yield Model ◽  
Software Environment

Abstract Water resources modeling can provide valuable information to planners. In this respect, water yield is an ecosystem service with significant roles in the sustainability of societies and ecosystems. The present study aimed to model the supply and demand of water resources and identify their scarcity and stress in the Sirvan river basin. For this purpose, we employed the ecosystem services concept as new thinking in earth sciences and using soil, climate, and land use data. Firstly, the Landsat satellite images of 2019 were prepared after different corrections, and the land use map was produced. Then, precipitation, evapotranspiration, root restricting layer depth, and evapotranspiration coefficients of the land uses were prepared and modeled in InVEST 3.8.9 software environment. The findings indicated that the water yield in this river basin is 5,381 million m3, with sub-basins 5, 11, and 1 having the highest water yield per year and sub-basin 2 having the lowest water yield. Moreover, sub-basins 5 and 11 had the highest water consumption. Based on the estimated water scarcity and stress index, sub-basin 8 has experienced water scarcity and sub-basin 4 water stress. We conclude that applying the InVEST Water Yield model to assess water resource status at the basin and sub-basins level can provide suitable results for planning.

Management of large water resource systems

2003 ◽  
Vol 3 (3) ◽  
pp. 297-304 ◽  
Author(s):  
R.S. Mckenzie ◽  
P.G. van Rooyen
Keyword(s):  
South Africa ◽  
Water Resources ◽  
Water Resource ◽  
System Analysis ◽  
Demand Management ◽  
Resource Managers ◽  
The World ◽  
Recent Developments ◽  
Future Demands ◽  
Resource Systems

South Africa has one of the most complicated and integrated water resource systems in the world involving numerous interlinked river systems and major interbasin transfer schemes. The management of the various schemes has become a key issue over the past 15 years resulting in the development of sophisticated systems models which are now used to analyse and operate all of the country's major schemes. The models have been developed through a partnership between the Department of Water Affairs and Forestry in association with several of the country's consultants specialising in this area of expertise. The models have now reached a stage where they are considered to be both practical and sufficiently robust to use in other parts of the world. Australia and South Africa are quite similar in many respects with regards to the water resources and climate. Both countries share the same problem of large arid or semi-arid areas together with areas where the local water resources are insufficient to meet the existing or predicted future demands. Environmental considerations are also of major importance in both countries which in turn necessitates the effective use of the available resources before any new resources can be developed. In order to use the available water effectively much effort has been placed on various aspects of Water Demand Management in order to reduce leakage and excessive consumer use. It is also necessary, however, to ensure that the raw water resources are managed in an efficient and practical manner - something that is often easier said than done. This paper provides general details of the system analysis techniques that have been pioneered in South Africa and discusses the most recent developments that can be used to assist water resource managers in the analysis and planning of their water resource systems.

Benefits of Xin’an River Water Resources and Ecological Compensation

2014 ◽  
Vol 1073-1076 ◽  
pp. 1660-1663 ◽  
Author(s):  
Feng Ran Xu ◽  
Bao Li Gao Baiyin ◽  
Jian Wei Jia
Keyword(s):  
Water Resources ◽  
River Basin ◽  
Water Conservation ◽  
Benefit Sharing ◽  
Ecological Compensation ◽  
Conservation Area ◽  
Water Users ◽  
Water Resources Conservation ◽  
Resources Conservation ◽  
Conservation Cost

Ecological compensation is being applied to deal with transboundary external effects caused by water resources conservation or exploitation in China. A concept of water resources co-conservation and sharing was applied to burden the upstream conservation cost and to share the benefit in the whole river basin. Xin’an River Basin, related to two provinces in East China, was taken as the study area. The current territorial scales of the co-conservation area and the benefit sharing area were determined. The total actual water conservation cost for Xin’an River Basin was estimated to be about 488 million CNY in 2006. By analyzing the transformation of protection costs and benefits between different districts and sections, benefits brought by water to different beneficiaries were also estimated. The conservation cost was distributed to the water users or governments in the whole sharing area according to the proportion of shared benefits.

The role of regulatory agencies in multiple water use

2003 ◽  
Vol 47 (6) ◽  
pp. 25-32 ◽  
Author(s):  
B.P.F. Braga
Keyword(s):  
Water Resources ◽  
Conceptual Framework ◽  
River Basin ◽  
Water Use ◽  
Institutional Arrangement ◽  
Developed Countries ◽  
Water Users ◽  
Management Concepts ◽  
Agricultural Use ◽  
And Control

This paper presents the conceptual framework for regulating water use in cases where water is a public good. Public agencies with an independent directive board can successfully manage such a situation. Through a comprehensive system of water permits, charging and control it is possible to effectively manage water resources. Together with the conceptual framework a practical application is presented. The case of the National Water Agency of Brazil - ANA - shows that it is possible to implement modern water resources management concepts in less developed countries. The benefits of this institutional arrangement are demonstrated in the case of managing water conflicts among water users. Two situations are described: the semi-arid water allocation for agricultural use in the Jaraguaribe River Basin in Ceara State and the conflict between the hydropower and navigation sectors in the Parana River Basin.

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