scholarly journals REPRESENTATION AND DIGITALIZATION OF STONE THEATRES IN EASTERN SICILY: THE PALAZZOLO ACREIDE THEATER

2019 ◽  
Vol XLII-2/W11 ◽  
pp. 475-479
Author(s):  
G. Di Gregorio
Keyword(s):  
Structure From Motion ◽  
3D Model ◽  
Southern Italy ◽  
Three Dimensional ◽  
Cultural Value ◽  
Geometric Conditions ◽  
Dense Matching ◽  
Laser Scanners ◽  
First Results ◽  
Quality And Reliability

<p><strong>Abstract.</strong> The ancient theatres in Sicily, in southern Italy and along the countries facing the Mediterranean Sea basin, constitute a reality of incomparable cultural value. Regarding the research on the ancient theatres of eastern Sicily, few studies have been recently dealt with different methodologies. In the last years some practices have been done using 3D laser scanners for the theatres of Syracuse, Taormina and Morgantina, as well as the Syracuse amphitheatre and Taormina Odeon, just obtaining very interesting results. Lately the theatre of Palazzolo Acreide (Syracuse) has been studied, with Structure From Motion (SFM) and Dense Matching methodologies. From these experience, conclusions could be drawn on the quality and reliability of the elaborations realised with the SFM methodologies. We really know that these systems are today representing one of the fastest growing areas of examination, on which several software houses are investing. The study was chosen both for the small size of the building, and for the particular geometric conditions typical of the architecture of ancient theatres. This because their three-dimensional trend varies continually in the three variables X, Y, Z. The purpose of the work was to check whether the latest releases of these systems of survey allow today more than yesterday, a rapid digitalization and representation of the enormous archaeological cultural heritage. Various software were used, to verify the practicality and operation, the choice then fell on the Zephyr of 3DFlow, kindly available by the manufacturer, whose results were quite agreeable. The possibility offered by the program of a graphical tracing of polylines on the textured 3D model, has been a considerable advantage. Therefore the results obtained by modeling and surveying of the Palazzolo Acreide theatre have been compared, with the survey of the Syracuse, Taormina and Morgantina theatre performed using 3D laser scanners. First results of the research are matter of the following work.</p>

Assessment of Structure from Motion for reconnaissance augmentation and bandwidth usage reduction

2019 ◽  
Vol 17 (2) ◽  
pp. 213-225
Author(s):  
Jonathan Roeber ◽  
Scott Nykl ◽  
Scott Graham
Keyword(s):  
Structure From Motion ◽  
Virtual World ◽  
3D Model ◽  
Three Dimensional ◽  
Video Stream ◽  
Image Sensors ◽  
Processing Unit ◽  
Aerial Vehicle ◽  
3D Virtual World ◽  
Remote System

Modern militaries rely upon remote image sensors for real-time intelligence. A typical remote system consists of an unmanned aerial vehicle, or UAV, with an attached camera. A video stream is sent from the UAV, through a bandwidth-constrained satellite connection, to an intelligence processing unit. In this research, an upgrade to this remote-video-stream method of collection is proposed. A set of synthetic images of a scene captured by an UAV in a virtual environment is sent to a pipeline of computer vision algorithms, collectively known as Structure from Motion. The output of Structure from Motion, a three-dimensional (3D) model, is then assessed in a 3D virtual world as a possible replacement for the images from which it was created. This study shows Structure from Motion results from a modifiable spiral flight path and compares the geoaccuracy of each result. A flattening of height is observed, and an automated compensation for this flattening is proposed and performed. Each reconstruction is also compressed, and the size of the compression is compared with the compressed size of the images from which it was created. A reduction of 49–60% of required space, or bandwidth, is shown. A corresponding video demonstrating this technique is available online.

scholarly journals Three-Dimensional Pathology Specimen Modeling Using “Structure-From-Motion” Photogrammetry: A Powerful New Tool for Surgical Pathology

2018 ◽  
Vol 142 (11) ◽  
pp. 1415-1420 ◽  
Author(s):  
John Turchini ◽  
Michael E. Buckland ◽  
Anthony J. Gill ◽  
Shane Battye
Keyword(s):  
Medical Education ◽  
Structure From Motion ◽  
3D Model ◽  
Digital Pathology ◽  
Three Dimensional ◽  
Surgical Pathology ◽  
Single Lens ◽  
Data Points ◽  
3D Photogrammetry ◽  
Pathology Specimen

Context.— Three-dimensional (3D) photogrammetry is a method of image-based modeling in which data points in digital images, taken from offset viewpoints, are analyzed to generate a 3D model. This modeling technique has been widely used in the context of geomorphology and artificial imagery, but has yet to be used within the realm of anatomic pathology. Objective.— To describe the application of a 3D photogrammetry system capable of producing high-quality 3D digital models and its uses in routine surgical pathology practice as well as medical education. Design.— We modeled specimens received in the 2 participating laboratories. The capture and photogrammetry process was automated using user control software, a digital single-lens reflex camera, and digital turntable, to generate a 3D model with the output in a PDF file. Results.— The entity demonstrated in each specimen was well demarcated and easily identified. Adjacent normal tissue could also be easily distinguished. Colors were preserved. The concave shapes of any cystic structures or normal convex rounded structures were discernable. Surgically important regions were identifiable. Conclusions.— Macroscopic 3D modeling of specimens can be achieved through Structure-From-Motion photogrammetry technology and can be applied quickly and easily in routine laboratory practice. There are numerous advantages to the use of 3D photogrammetry in pathology, including improved clinicopathologic correlation for the surgeon and enhanced medical education, revolutionizing the digital pathology museum with virtual reality environments and 3D-printing specimen models.

scholarly journals A Concept for Three-Dimensional Particle Metrology Based on Scanning Electron Microscopy and Structure-from-Motion Photogrammetry

2020 ◽  
Vol 125 ◽  
Author(s):  
Vipin N. Tondare
Keyword(s):  
Electron Microscopy ◽  
Scanning Electron Microscopy ◽  
Structure From Motion ◽  
3D Model ◽  
Three Dimensional ◽  
Sem Images ◽  
Shape Information ◽  
Size And Shape ◽  
Future Work ◽  
Scanning Electron

Scanning electron microscopy (SEM) has been frequently used for size and shape measurements of particles. SEM images offer two-dimensional (2D) information about a particle’s lateral dimensions. Unfortunately, information about the particle’s three-dimensional (3D) size and shape remains unavailable. To resolve this issue, I propose a new concept in SEM: 3D particle metrology obtained by applying structure-from-motion (SfM) algorithms to multiple rotational SEM images of particles deposited onto a cylindrical substrate to generate a 3D model from which size and shape information can be extracted. Particles can have any size that is suitable for SEM imaging. SEM images of the sample can be acquired from 0° to 360° using a rotational-tip SEM substage. Here, I will discuss the concept and, for clarity, illustrate it with aquarium gravel particles that are glued onto a craft roll and imaged optically before generating the 3D model of that handmade craft. Future work will include the experimental SEM realization, as well as further development of the SfM algorithms. In my view, this proposed concept may become an integral part of SEM-based particle metrology.

scholarly journals THE INTEGRATED 3D SURVEY FOR UNDERGROUND ARCHAEOLOGICAL ENVIRONMENT

2019 ◽  
Vol XLII-2/W9 ◽  
pp. 311-317 ◽  
Author(s):  
D. Ebolese ◽  
M. Lo Brutto ◽  
G. Dardanelli
Keyword(s):  
Cultural Heritage ◽  
Unmanned Aerial Vehicle ◽  
Laser Scanning ◽  
3D Model ◽  
Southern Italy ◽  
Three Dimensional ◽  
Point Of View ◽  
Articulated Structures ◽  
Aerial Vehicle

<p><strong>Abstract.</strong> The task of documentation and conservation of Cultural Heritage defines the challenges that geomatics techniques have to overtake in order to provide different solutions that combine the automation of processes with accurate results. The employment of integrated technologies allows improving the documentation of Cultural Heritage from a quantitative and qualitative point of view. The use of range and image-based techniques ensures the possibility to completely record articulated structures such as building with underground environments. The latter present often problematic survey conditions that imposed well planned and appropriate solutions. In this context, the paper presents the results of a 3D survey of the underground “Sybil hypogeum” and the related overhead church located in the Archaeological Park of Lilibeo (Marsala, Southern Italy). An integrated survey was planned in order to combine laser scanning technology with terrestrial-based and Unmanned Aerial Vehicle (UAV)-based photogrammetry to acquire the three-dimensional data of the whole complex (underground environments and overhead church). The aims of the work are related to test a topographic approach by a traverse method for scans registration and to archive a complete and detailed 3D model of the whole area. This model could be used to prevent the risk of information’s loss and to improve the knowledge of the site.</p>

scholarly journals REKONTRUKSI MODEL 3D DARI BANYAK GAMBAR MENGGUNAKAN ALGORITMA STRUCTURE FROM MOTION (SFM) DAN MULTI VIEW STEREO (MVS) BERBASIS COMPUTER VISION

2020 ◽  
Vol 3 (2) ◽  
pp. 108-113
Author(s):  
Moch.d Kholil ◽  
Ismanto Ismanto ◽  
M. Nur Fu’ad
Keyword(s):  
3D Reconstruction ◽  
3D Modeling ◽  
Structure From Motion ◽  
3D Model ◽  
Three Dimensional ◽  
Original Image ◽  
Architecture Education ◽  
Reconstruction Process ◽  
3D Objects ◽  
3D Model Reconstruction

With the development of the field of Information and Computer Technology (ICT), three-dimensional technology (3D) is also growing rapidly. Currently, the need to visualize 3D objects is widely used in animation and graphics applications, architecture, education, cultural recognition and virtual reality. 3D modeling of historical buildings has become a concern in recent years. 3D reconstruction is a documentation effort for reconstruction or restoration if the building is destroyed. By using a 3D model reconstruction approach based on multiple images using the Structure From Motion (SFM) and Multi View Stereo (MVS) algorithm, it is hoped that the 3D modeling results can be used as an effort to preserve 3D objects in the cultural heritage area of Penataran Temple. This research was conducted by taking an object in the form of photos as many as 61 pictures in the area of ​​the Blitar Penataran Temple. The resulting photos are reconstructed into a 3D model using the Structure From Motion algorithm in the meshroom. In this study, a test was carried out on the original image with the compressed image for reconstruction to be compared to the 3D reconstruction process from the two input data. From 61 images processed using the Structure Form Motion algorithm, 33 camera pose and 3D point data were obtained, both original and compressed images. For the number of iterations the compressed image is 1.4% less than the original image and takes 43.53% faster than the original image.  

Handheld Laser Scanner Research

2019 ◽  
Vol 952 (10) ◽  
pp. 47-54
Author(s):  
A.V. Komissarov ◽  
A.V. Remizov ◽  
M.M. Shlyakhova ◽  
K.K. Yambaev
Keyword(s):  
Point Cloud ◽  
Three Dimensional ◽  
Laser Scanner ◽  
Test Site ◽  
Optical Systems ◽  
Advantages And Disadvantages ◽  
Site Survey ◽  
Laser Scanners ◽  
Three Dimensional Models ◽  
The Stability

The authors consider hand-held laser scanners, as a new photogrammetric tool for obtaining three-dimensional models of objects. The principle of their work and the newest optical systems based on various sensors measuring the depth of space are described in detail. The method of simultaneous navigation and mapping (SLAM) used for combining single scans into point cloud is outlined. The formulated tasks and methods for performing studies of the DotProduct (USA) hand-held laser scanner DPI?8X based on a test site survey are presented. The accuracy requirements for determining the coordinates of polygon points are given. The essence of the performed experimental research of the DPI?8X scanner is described, including scanning of a test object at various scanner distances, shooting a test polygon from various scanner positions and building point cloud, repeatedly shooting the same area of the polygon to check the stability of the scanner. The data on the assessment of accuracy and analysis of research results are given. Fields of applying hand-held laser scanners, their advantages and disadvantages are identified.

scholarly journals Direct 3D model extraction method for color volume images

2021 ◽  
Vol 29 ◽  
pp. 133-140
Author(s):  
Bin Liu ◽  
Shujun Liu ◽  
Guanning Shang ◽  
Yanjie Chen ◽  
Qifeng Wang ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
3D Model ◽  
Clinical Medicine ◽  
Three Dimensional ◽  
Laplacian Matrix ◽  
Segmentation Method ◽  
Human Organs ◽  
Model Segmentation ◽  
Treatment Objective ◽  
Organ Models ◽  
Different Parts

BACKGROUND: There is a great demand for the extraction of organ models from three-dimensional (3D) medical images in clinical medicine diagnosis and treatment. OBJECTIVE: We aimed to aid doctors in seeing the real shape of human organs more clearly and vividly. METHODS: The method uses the minimum eigenvectors of Laplacian matrix to automatically calculate a group of basic matting components that can properly define the volume image. These matting components can then be used to build foreground images with the help of a few user marks. RESULTS: We propose a direct 3D model segmentation method for volume images. This is a process of extracting foreground objects from volume images and estimating the opacity of the voxels covered by the objects. CONCLUSIONS: The results of segmentation experiments on different parts of human body prove the applicability of this method.

scholarly journals Magnetotelluric study in the Los Lagos Region (Chile) to investigate volcano-tectonic processes in the Southern Andes

2021 ◽  
Vol 73 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Maria Jose Segovia ◽  
Daniel Diaz ◽  
Katarzyna Slezak ◽  
Felipe Zuñiga
Keyword(s):  
Electrical Resistivity ◽  
Three Dimensional ◽  
Phase Changes ◽  
Fault System ◽  
Electrical Anisotropy ◽  
Mountain Range ◽  
Southern Andes ◽  
Nazca Plate ◽  
First Results ◽  
Dimensional Parameters

AbstractTo analyze the process of subduction of the Nazca and South American plates in the area of the Southern Andes, and its relationship with the tectonic and volcanic regime of the place, magnetotelluric measurements were made through a transversal profile of the Chilean continental margin. The data-processing stage included the analysis of dimensional parameters, which as first results showed a three-dimensional environment for periods less than 1 s and two-dimensional for periods greater than 10 s. In addition, through the geomagnetic transfer function (tipper), the presence of structural electrical anisotropy was identified in the data. After the dimensional analysis, a deep electrical resistivity image was obtained by inverting a 2D and a 3D model. Surface conductive anomalies were obtained beneath the central depression related to the early dehydration of the slab and the serpentinization process of the mantle that coincides in location with a discontinuity in the electrical resistivity of a regional body that we identified as the Nazca plate. A shallow conductive body was located around the Calbuco volcano and was correlated with a magmatic chamber or reservoir which in turn appears to be connected to the Liquiñe Ofqui fault system and the Andean Transverse Fault system. In addition to the serpentinization process, when the oceanic crust reaches a depth of 80–100 km, the ascending fluids produced by the dehydration and phase changes of the minerals present in the oceanic plate produce basaltic melts in the wedge of the subcontinental mantle that give rise to an eclogitization process and this explains a large conductivity anomaly present beneath the main mountain range.

scholarly journals Metric Accuracy Evaluation of Dense Matching Algorithms in Archeological Applications

2011 ◽  
Vol 6 ◽  
pp. 275-282 ◽  
Author(s):  
C. Re ◽  
S. Robson ◽  
R. Roncella ◽  
M Hess
Keyword(s):  
Laser Scanner ◽  
Medium Size ◽  
Accuracy Evaluation ◽  
Software Packages ◽  
Dense Matching ◽  
Laser Scanners ◽  
Surface Models ◽  
University College London ◽  
Archaeological Artifacts ◽  
Archaeological Objects

In the cultural heritage field the recording and documentation of small and medium size objects with very detailed Digital Surface Models (DSM) is readily possible by through the use of high resolution and high precision triangulation laser scanners. 3D surface recording of archaeological objects can be easily achieved in museums; however, this type of record can be quite expensive. In many cases photogrammetry can provide a viable alternative for the generation of DSMs. The photogrammetric procedure has some benefits with respect to laser survey. The research described in this paper sets out to verify the reconstruction accuracy of DSMs of some archaeological artifacts obtained by photogrammetric survey. The experimentation has been carried out on some objects preserved in the Petrie Museum of Egyptian Archaeology at University College London (UCL). DSMs produced by two photogrammetric software packages are compared with the digital 3D model obtained by a state of the art triangulation color laser scanner. Intercomparison between the generated DSM has allowed an evaluation of metric accuracy of the photogrammetric approach applied to archaeological documentation and of precision performances of the two software packages.

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