scholarly journals SECURING IOT WITH BLOCKCHAIN

2021 ◽  
Vol XLVI-4/W5-2021 ◽  
pp. 529-532
Author(s):  
K. O. Toka ◽  
Y. Dikilitaş ◽  
T. Oktay ◽  
A. Sayar
Keyword(s):  
Data Transfer ◽  
Internet Security ◽  
Daily Lives ◽  
Iot Security ◽  
New Approach ◽  
Security Issues ◽  
Battery Power ◽  
Iot Devices ◽  
Processing And Storage ◽  
And Storage

Abstract. IoT is becoming ubiquitous in industry, homes, cities, literally in every aspect of our daily lives. Securing IoT-based systems is difficult because of deficiencies in the very nature of IoT devices such as limited battery power, processing, and storage, etc. Blockchain is a new approach used to securely record transactions and offers potential solutions to computer and internet security issues such as confidentiality, integrity, availability, authentication, authorization, and accountability. Blockchain, as a decentralized ledger consisting of interconnected blocks, can remedy most of the security deficiencies of heavily IoT based systems. The Hyperledger Fabric blockchain network used in this study provides confidentiality, data integrity, authentication, and data security for data obtained from IoT devices. Widely used IoT data transfer MQTT protocol is included in the proposed approach. The approach is demonstrated in a simple demo Hyperledger network with simulated IoT devices. The proposed approach is discussed in terms of network security dimensions. Based on the features of the Hyperledger Blockchain network, it is displayed that the IoT security deficiencies can largely be remedied with the proposed approach.

scholarly journals Blockchain-IoT Sensor (BIoTS): A Solution to IoT-Ecosystems Security Issues

Sensors ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 21 (13) ◽  
pp. 4388
Author(s):  
Carlos Gonzalez-Amarillo ◽  
Cristian Cardenas-Garcia  ◽  
Miguel Mendoza-Moreno  ◽  
Gustavo Ramirez-Gonzalez ◽  
Juan Carlos Corrales
Keyword(s):  
Storage Capacity ◽  
Electronic Devices ◽  
Data Integrity ◽  
Security Requirements ◽  
Security Issues ◽  
Security Challenges ◽  
Iot Devices ◽  
Processing And Storage ◽  
And Storage ◽  
Food Safety And Quality

Sensor devices that act in the IoT architecture perception layer are characterized by low data processing and storage capacity. These reduced capabilities make the system ubiquitous and lightweight, but considerably reduce its security. The IoT-based Food Traceability Systems (FTS), aimed at ensuring food safety and quality, serve as a motivating scenario for BIoTS development and deployment; therefore, security challenges and gaps related with data integrity are analyzed from this perspective. This paper proposes the BIoTS hardware design that contains some modules built-in VHDL (SHA-256, PoW, and SD-Memory) and other peripheral electronic devices to provide capabilities to the perception layer by implementing the blockchain architecture’s security requirements in an IoT device. The proposed hardware is implemented on FPGA Altera DE0-Nano. BIoTS can participate as a miner in the blockchain network through Smart Contracts and solve security issues related to data integrity and data traceability in an Blockchain-IoT system. Blockchain algorithms implemented in IoT hardware opens a path to IoT devices’ security and ensures participation in data validation inside a food certification process.

TECHNICAL SOLUTIONS FOR INDIVIDUAL TELE-MONITORING OF THE FUNCTIONAL STATE OF ORGANISM

2021 ◽  
Vol 55 (2) ◽  
pp. 84-89
Author(s):  
D.V. Shutov ◽  
◽  
K.M. Arzamasov ◽  
D.V. Drozdov ◽  
A.E. Demkina ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Data Transfer ◽  
Data Sets ◽  
Data Handling ◽  
Access Protocols ◽  
Processing And Storage ◽  
Technical Solutions ◽  
Authorized Access ◽  
And Storage ◽  
Monitoring Devices ◽  
Tele Monitoring

We performed analysis of the available Russian home-use health monitoring devices that can be connected to a smartphone or pad for data transfer. Specifically, we sought for the gadgets capable to register heart rate, blood pressure, ECG, blood glucose, and respiration rate. There are three options of data processing and storage. Namely, these are storage in and authorized access to the manufacturer's site with minimal opportunity of data handling and interpretation; an autonomous server to hold and handle big data sets and, finally, access protocols and templates enabling gadget integration with external services.

Healthcare-Internet of Things and Its Components

2021 ◽  
pp. 258-277
Author(s):  
Aman Tyagi
Keyword(s):  
Internet Of Things ◽  
Fog Computing ◽  
Communication Technologies ◽  
The Internet ◽  
Healthcare Resources ◽  
Iot Security ◽  
Global Epidemic ◽  
Security Issues ◽  
Analyse Data ◽  
Iot Devices

Elderly population in the Asian countries is increasing at a very fast rate. Lack of healthcare resources and infrastructure in many countries makes the task of provding proper healthcare difficult. Internet of things (IoT) in healthcare can address the problem effectively. Patient care is possible at home using IoT devices. IoT devices are used to collect different types of data. Various algorithms may be used to analyse data. IoT devices are connected to the internet and all the data of the patients with various health reports are available online and hence security issues arise. IoT sensors, IoT communication technologies, IoT gadgets, components of IoT, IoT layers, cloud and fog computing, benefits of IoT, IoT-based algorithms, IoT security issues, and IoT challenges are discussed in the chapter. Nowadays global epidemic COVID19 has demolished the economy and health services of all the countries worldwide. Usefulness of IoT in COVID19-related issues is explained here.

Towards the Integration of Blockchain and IoT for Security Challenges in IoT

2020 ◽  
pp. 45-67 ◽  
Author(s):  
K. Dinesh Kumar ◽  
Venkata Rathnam T. ◽  
Venkata Ramana R. ◽  
M. Sudhakara ◽  
Ravi Kumar Poluru
Keyword(s):  
Internet Of Things ◽  
Security Management ◽  
Vital Role ◽  
Management Systems ◽  
Iot Security ◽  
Communication Architecture ◽  
Secure Systems ◽  
Security Issues ◽  
Blockchain Technology ◽  
Iot Devices

Internet of things (IoT) technology plays a vital role in the current technologies because IoT develops a network by integrating different kinds of objects and sensors to create the communication among objects directly without human interaction. With the presence of internet of things technology in our daily comes smart thinking and various advantages. At the same time, secure systems have been a most important concern for the protection of information systems and networks. However, adopting traditional security management systems in the internet of things leads several issues due to the limited privacy and policies like privacy standards, protocol stacks, and authentication rules. Usually, IoT devices has limited network capacities, storage, and computing processors. So they are having more chances to attacks. Data security, privacy, and reliability are three main challenges in the IoT security domain. To address the solutions for the above issues, IoT technology has to provide advanced privacy and policies in this large incoming data source. Blockchain is one of the trending technologies in the privacy management to provide the security. So this chapter is focused on the blockchain technologies which can be able to solve several IoT security issues. This review mainly focused on the state-of-the-art IoT security issues and vulnerabilities by existing review works in the IoT security domains. The taxonomy is presented about security issues in the view of communication, architecture, and applications. Also presented are the challenges of IoT security management systems. The main aim of this chapter is to describe the importance of blockchain technology in IoT security systems. Finally, it highlights the future directions of blockchain technology roles in IoT systems, which can be helpful for further improvements.

A Machine Learning-Based Exploration of Relationship Between Security Vulnerabilities of IoT Devices and Manufacturers

2020 ◽  
Vol 1 (2) ◽  
pp. 1-12
Author(s):  
Ritu Chauhan ◽  
Gatha Tanwar
Keyword(s):  
Cyber Security ◽  
Automated System ◽  
Smart Devices ◽  
Protocol Stack ◽  
Security Vulnerabilities ◽  
Local Networks ◽  
Daily Lives ◽  
Security Issues ◽  
Iot Devices ◽  
The Internet Of Things

The internet of things has brought in innovations in the daily lives of users. The enthusiasm and openness of consumers have fuelled the manufacturers to dish out new devices with more features and better aesthetics. In an attempt to keep up with the competition, the manufacturers are not paying enough attention to cyber security of these smart devices. The gravity of security vulnerabilities is further aggravated due to their connected nature. As a result, a compromised device would not only stop providing the intended service but could also act as a host for malware introduced by an attacker. This study has focused on 10 manufacturers, namely Fitbit, D-Link, Edimax, Ednet, Homematic, Smarter, Osram, Belkin Wemo, Philips Hue, and Withings. The authors studied the security issues which have been raised in the past and the communication protocols used by devices made by these brands. It was found that while security vulnerabilities could be introduced due to lack of attention to details while designing an IoT device, they could also get introduced by the protocol stack and inadequate system configuration. Researchers have iterated that protocols like TCP, UDP, and mDNS have inherent security shortcomings and manufacturers need to be mindful of the fact. Furthermore, if protocols like EAPOL or Zigbee have been used, then the device developers need to be aware of safeguarding the keys and other authentication mechanisms. The authors also analysed the packets captured during setup of 23 devices by the above-mentioned manufacturers. The analysis gave insight into the underlying protocol stack preferred by the manufacturers. In addition, they also used count vectorizer to tokenize the protocols used during device setup and use them to model a multinomial classifier to identify the manufacturers. The intent of this experiment was to determine if a manufacturer could be identified based on the tokenized protocols. The modelled classifier could then be used to drive an algorithm to checklist against possible security vulnerabilities, which are characteristic of the protocols and the manufacturer history. Such an automated system will be instrumental in regular diagnostics of a smart system. The authors then wrapped up this report by suggesting some measures a user can take to protect their local networks and connected devices.

scholarly journals SURVEY PAPER ON IOT ATTACKS AND ITS PREVENTION MECHANISMS

2020 ◽  
Vol 3 (2) ◽  
pp. 38-41
Author(s):  
Anand Mohan
Keyword(s):  
State Of The Art ◽  
Security Architecture ◽  
Iot Security ◽  
Survey Paper ◽  
Security Issues ◽  
Prevention Techniques ◽  
Iot Devices

IoT has turned into an amazing system of worldwide and worldwide changes, including numerous internet advisors, interchanges, and information trade. This paper presents state-of-the-art background, introduction, characteristics, challenges, threats, attacks, related work, and security architecture and research limitation of IoT technology. This paper discusses key security issues and attacks over different layers of IOT along with its existing prevention techniques. This paper deals with the security of services used in IoT. In detail, IoT devices are mentioned in this paper, which are the premise of IoT and their significance. In addition, IoT Security Architecture highlights some recent studies. This paper is far from comprehensive and mainly focuses on attacks and IoT devices prevention mechanism and covers related discussion and arguments.

scholarly journals Survey of DoS/DDoS attacks in IoT

2021 ◽  
Vol 3 (1) ◽  
pp. 23-28
Author(s):  
Rozan Khader ◽  
Derar Eleyan
Keyword(s):  
Smart Cities ◽  
Denial Of Service ◽  
Wearable Devices ◽  
Distributed Denial Of Service ◽  
Ddos Attacks ◽  
Iot Security ◽  
Counter Measures ◽  
Security Issues ◽  
Iot Devices ◽  
Internet Of Thing

The term internet of thing (IoT) has gained much popularity in the last decade. Which can be defined as various connected devices over the internet. IoT has rapidly  spread to include all aspects of our lives. For instance, smart houses, smart cities, and variant wearable devices. IoT devices work to do their desired goals, which is to develop a person life with his/her minimal involvement. At the same time, IoT devices have many weaknesses, which attackers exploit to affect these devices security. Denial of Service (DoS) and Distributed Denial of Service (DDoS) are considered the most common attacks that strike IoT security. The main aim of these attacks is to make victim systems down and inaccessible for legitimate users by malicious malware. This paper objective is to discuss and review security issues related to DoS/DDoS Attacks and their counter measures i.e. prevention based on IoT devices layers structure.

scholarly journals Secure and Efficient Authentication Scheme in IoT Environments

2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (3) ◽  
pp. 1260
Author(s):  
Abhijeet Thakare ◽  
Young-Gab Kim
Keyword(s):  
Response Time ◽  
Heavy Traffic ◽  
Security Analysis ◽  
Computation Time ◽  
Internet Security ◽  
Security Protocol ◽  
Storage Cost ◽  
Iot Devices ◽  
And Storage ◽  
Secure Architecture

Optimization of resource consumption and decreasing the response time of authentication requests is an immense urgent requirement for supporting the scalability of resources in IoT environments. The existing research attempts to design lightweight authentication protocols to address these issues. However, the schemes proposed in the literature are lacking in the creation of a lightweight (i.e., low computing, communication, and storage cost) and secure architecture. IoT devices in existing approaches consume high electricity and computing power, despite the fact that IoT devices have limited power and computing capabilities. Furthermore, the existing approaches lead to an increase in the burden on storage memory and also create heavy traffic on a communication channel, increasing the response time of device authentication requests. To overcome these limitations, we propose a novel lightweight and secure architecture that uses crypto-modules, which optimize the usage of one-way hash functions, elliptic-curve cryptography, and an exclusive-or operation. We demonstrate the proposed scheme’s security strength using informal security analysis and verified it by considering the widely used automated validation of internet security protocol application (AVISPA) and the ProVerif tool. The result shows that the proposed scheme is effective against active and passive security attacks and satisfies secure design. Moreover, we calculate the proposed scheme’s working cost by implementing it using a widely accepted standard pairing-based cryptography (PBC) library on embedded devices. The implementation proves that the proposed scheme is lightweight and reduces computation time by 0.933 ms, communication cost by 1408 bits, and storage cost by 384 bits, and removes the existing gaps.

scholarly journals IoT Security Mechanisms in the Example of BLE

Computers ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 10 (12) ◽  
pp. 162
Author(s):  
Evgeny Kalinin ◽  
Danila Belyakov ◽  
Dmitry Bragin ◽  
Anton Konev
Keyword(s):  
Data Security ◽  
Energy Efficient ◽  
Defense Mechanisms ◽  
Mesh Network ◽  
Iot Security ◽  
Energy Devices ◽  
Battery Power ◽  
Iot Devices ◽  
The Moment ◽  
Smart Things

In recent years, a lot of IoT devices, wireless sensors, and smart things contain information that must be transmitted to the server for further processing. Due to the distance between devices, battery power, and the possibility of sudden device failure, the network that connects the devices must be scalable, energy efficient, and flexible. Particular attention must be paid to the protection of the transmitted data. The Bluetooth mesh was chosen as such a network. This network is built on top of Bluetooth Low-Energy devices, which are widespread in the market and whose radio modules are available from several manufacturers. This paper presents an overview of security mechanisms for the Bluetooth mesh network. This network provides encryption at two layers: network and upper transport layers, which increases the level of data security. The network uses sequence numbers for each message to protect against replay attacks. The introduction of devices into the network is provided with an encryption key, and the out-of-band (OOB) mechanism is also supported. At the moment, a comparison has been made between attacks and defense mechanisms that overlap these attacks. The article also suggested ways to improve network resiliency.

scholarly journals IoT Security Challenges: Cloud and Blockchain, Postquantum Cryptography, and Evolutionary Techniques

Electronics ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 10 (21) ◽  
pp. 2647
Author(s):  
Stefan Balogh ◽  
Ondrej Gallo ◽  
Roderik Ploszek ◽  
Peter Špaček ◽  
Pavol Zajac
Keyword(s):  
Artificial Intelligence ◽  
Quantum Computing ◽  
Internet Of Things ◽  
Iot Security ◽  
Security Issues ◽  
Security Challenges ◽  
Rapid Changes ◽  
The Future ◽  
Iot Devices ◽  
Security Of Iot

Internet of Things connects the physical and cybernetic world. As such, security issues of IoT devices are especially damaging and need to be addressed. In this treatise, we overview current security issues of IoT with the perspective of future threats. We identify three main trends that need to be specifically addressed: security issues of the integration of IoT with cloud and blockchains, the rapid changes in cryptography due to quantum computing, and finally the rise of artificial intelligence and evolution methods in the scope of security of IoT. We give an overview of the identified threats and propose solutions for securing the IoT in the future.

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