scholarly journals Estimation of flash flood using surface water model and GIS technique in Wadi El Azariq, East Sinai, Egypt

2016 ◽  
Author(s):  
Maged M. El Osta ◽  
Mohamed Sh. El Sabri ◽  
Milad H. Masoud
Keyword(s):  
Information System ◽  
Rainwater Harvesting ◽  
Thermal Emission ◽  
Flash Flood ◽  
Flood Hazard ◽  
Watershed Modeling ◽  
Morphometric Parameters ◽  
Geographical Information ◽  
Water Model ◽  
Return Periods

Abstract. The study of flash flood hazard phenomenon and runoff potentialities are the major task of a hydrologists especially in arid and semi-arid regions. This paper presents a new approach to modeling flash floods in dryland catchments by the integration between physiographic features of the study basin, Geographic Information System (GIS) and Watershed Modelling System (WMS). Advanced Space borne Thermal Emission and Reflection Radiometer (ASTER) data was used to prepare a digital elevation model (DEM) with 30 m resolution and Geographical Information System (GIS) was used to evaluate the linear, areal and relief characteristics of Wadi El Azariq basin, East Sinai, Egypt. The qualitative and quantitative analysis of thirty eight morphometric parameters were estimated and interlinked to produce nine effective parameters for evaluation of the flash flood hazard in the study area. As a result of the sparse hydrologic information, the relation between rainfall and runoff was calculated depending on the morphometric information, GIS techniques, Watershed Modeling System (WMS) and Hydrologic Engineering Center-Hydrologic Modeling System software (HEC HMS). Based on the nine effective morphometric parameters that have a direct effect on flood prone area and control the hydrologic behavior of the basin, flash flood hazard of Wadi El Azariq sub-basins were identified and classified into two groups (High and low hazard degrees). Hydrographs for Wadi El Azariq basin were constructed with different return periods of maximum daily rain fall. The calculated volume of the total surface runoff ranges from 4.1 × 106 m3 to 13.8 × 106 m3 at return periods of 5 years and 100 year respectively based on the maximum daily rainfall events. This study draws specifics about the flash flood prone areas, planning rainwater harvesting and flood management approaches of Wadi El Azariq basin.

scholarly journals Geographical Information System Approach to Delineate the Watershed’s Morphometric Parameters for Sustainable Hydrological Modeling of Barind Region, Bangladesh

2021 ◽  
Vol 9 ◽  
pp. 23-35
Author(s):  
Md. Ashikur Rahman ◽  
M. H. Sazzad ◽  
R. S. Rupom
Keyword(s):  
Information System ◽  
Geographical Information System ◽  
Hydrological Modeling ◽  
Overland Flow ◽  
Flash Flood ◽  
Morphometric Parameters ◽  
Geographical Information ◽  
Infiltration Capacity ◽  
Study Region ◽  
Basin Surface

Water is an important resource of the earth’s surface and it is integral for all on this planet. The availability or the scarcity of water depends on the watershed characterizes that consider the basic, linear, and shape parameters of any waterbody. The objective of the study was to delineate 14 morphometric parameters in the Barind region (Dinajpur district, Bangladesh) for sustainable hydrological modeling. An ASTER-DEM of 30-meter resolution data, geographical information system (GIS), and Remote sensing technique were used for extracting drainage components of interest region. The whole study region was covered by the flow of the Purnovoba river, Jamuna river, Atrai river (part-1 and part-2). Research results found that the Purnovoba river had a high bifurcation ratio (0.9982) that defined hydrologically more disturbed than the other three watershed areas and it had a high stream frequency (0.8332) that denoted rocky having low infiltration capacity. Jamuna river had a low drainage density (0.7322) that defined more vegetation having higher permeability. Besides, the Jamuna river had the lowest no. of stream order that was insignificant in the steady runoff process and less prone to cause a flash flood. The research predicted that the availability of groundwater might decrease to Jamuna river in the future as it had the lowest basin area (217.42 sqr. km ) and perimeter (114.90 km) and the basin surface slope would become gentle to Atrai river part-1 for the lowest length of overland flow (0.6072). Purnovoba river experienced the lowest form factor  (0.2351) which indicated the most possibility for erosion. The elongated ratio of all basins was greater than 0.5 which considered all the shapes were more elongated. These findings will help for further modeling of an integrated watershed for sustainable hydrological models in the Barind region.

scholarly journals Evaluation of Methods of Peak Runoff Determination using Catchment Characteristics for Jere Sub-basin, Gurara River Basin, North Central Nigeria

2018 ◽  
Vol 13 (1) ◽  
pp. 26
Author(s):  
Mudashiru R.B. ◽  
Salami A.W. ◽  
Bilewu S.O.
Keyword(s):  
Information System ◽  
Geographical Information System ◽  
Morphometric Analysis ◽  
Morphometric Parameters ◽  
Geographical Information ◽  
Return Periods ◽  
North Central ◽  
Peak Runoff ◽  
Evaluation Of Methods

This paper presents the evaluation of methods of determination of peak runoff for an ungauged catchment. The present study made use of Geographical Information System (GIS) for the morphometric analysis of four sub-catchments within Jere sub-basin in Gurara Basin, Nigeria. Various morphometric parameters were computed and analyzed as sub-basin characteristics are important factors in determining the runoff. Three methods of peak runoff estimation were used to determine peak runoff of the study area for four return periods. The results of the peak runoff estimation based on rational method for the four sub-catchments for 25-year, 50-year, 75-year and 100-year return periods varied between 224m3/s and 1036m3/s, while the results for the SCS method varied between 105.3m3/s and 162.05m3/s and the results from the Cypress Creek method varied between 22.8m3/s and 86.55m3/s. The results obtained from the three methods showed that there are significant differences in the peak runoff results and also there are significant differences in the peak runoff results for the different return periods.

scholarly journals Designating Appropriate Areas for Determining Potential Rainwater Harvesting in Arid Region Using a GIS-based Multi-criteria Decision Analysis ‏

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mohamed Abd-el-Kader ◽  
Ahmed Elfeky ◽  
Mohamed Saber ◽  
Maged AlHarbi ◽  
abed Alataway
Keyword(s):  
Water Management ◽  
Saudi Arabia ◽  
Decision Analysis ◽  
Rainwater Harvesting ◽  
Flash Flood ◽  
Flood Hazard ◽  
Flash Floods ◽  
Flood Mitigation ◽  
Water Harvesting ◽  
Multi Criteria Decision Analysis

Abstract Flash floods are highly devastating, however there is no effective management for their water in Saudi Arabia, therefore, it is crucial to adopt Rainfall Water Harvesting (RWH) techniques to mitigate the flash floods and manage the available water resources from the infrequent and rare rainfall storms. The goal of this study is to create a potential flood hazard map and a map of suitable locations for RWH in Wadi Nisah, Saudi Arabia for future water management and flood prevention plans and to identify potential areas for rainwater harvesting and dam construction for both a flood mitigation and water harvesting. This research was carried out using a spatiotemporal distributed model based on multi-criteria decision analysis by combining Geographic Information System (GIS), Remote Sensing (RS), and Multi-Criteria Decision-Making tools (MCDM). The flood hazard mapping criteria were elevation, drainage density, slope, direct runoff depth at 50 years return period, Topographic witness index, and Curve Number, according to the Multi-criteria decision analysis, while the criteria for RWH were Slope, Land cover, Stream order, Lineaments density, and Average of annual max-24hr Rainfall. The weight of each criteria was estimated based on Analytical Hierarchy Process (AHP). In multi-criteria decision analysis, 21.55 % of the total area for Wadi Nisah was classified as extremely dangerous and dangerous; 65.29 % of the total area was classified as moderate; and 13.15 % of the total area was classified as safe and very safe in flash flood hazard classes. Only 15% of Wadi Nisah has a very high potentiality for RWH and 27.7%, 57.31% of the basin has a moderate and a low or extremely low potentiality of RWH, respectively. According to the developed RWH potentiality map, two possible dam sites were proposed. The maximum height of the proposed dams, which corresponded to the cross section of dam locations, ranged from 6.2 to 9 meters; the maximum width of dams ranged from 573.48 to 725 meters; the maximum storage capacity of reservoirs, which corresponded to the distribution of topographic conditions in the surrounding area, ranged from 3976104.499 m3 to 4328509.123 m3; and the maximum surface area of reservoirs ranged from 1268372.625 m2 to 1505825.676.14 m2. These results are highly important for the decision makers for not only flash flood mitigation but also water management in the study area.

Computation of Watershed Parameters of Kansa Watershed in Satara Using Remote Sensing and GIS

Agropedology ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 29 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
A. P. Bowlekar ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Form Factor ◽  
Geographical Information Systems ◽  
Overland Flow ◽  
Flash Flood ◽  
Drainage Density ◽  
Morphometric Parameters ◽  
Geographical Information ◽  
Elongation Ratio ◽  
Stream Length ◽  
Order Stream

In present study Kansa watershed in Satara district of Maharashtra was characterized for watershed parameters. Geographical Information Systems (GIS) and a high-resolution Digital Elevation Model (DEM) has been utilized for the estimation of morphological parameters. Several morphometric parameters have been computed and analyzed viz. linear aspects such as stream order, stream number, stream length, mean stream length, stream length ratio; areal aspects such as drainage density, stream frequency, drainage texture, elongation ratio, circularity ratio, form factor, constant of channel maintenance; relief aspects such as relief, relief ratio, relative relief, ruggedness number, length of overland flow. Impacts of morphometric parameters on flash flood characteristics have also been investigated. The presence of the maximum number of the first order segments shows that the basin is subjected to erosion and also that some areas of the basin are characterized by variations in lithology and topography. The form factor is 0.21, and the circulatory ratio is 0.42, which suggests an elongated type of catchment. Elongation ratio is 0.52, which indicates that watershed has high relief and steep slope. The estimated catchment characteristics may be useful to stimulate hydrological responses of the catchment.

Catchment delineation and morphometric analysis using geographical information system

2015 ◽  
Vol 72 (7) ◽  
pp. 1168-1175 ◽  
Author(s):  
Manoj Kumar ◽  
Rohitashw Kumar ◽  
P. K. Singh ◽  
Manjeet Singh ◽  
K. K. Yadav ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Information System ◽  
Geographical Information System ◽  
Morphometric Analysis ◽  
Water Conservation ◽  
Drainage Density ◽  
Morphometric Parameters ◽  
Geographical Information ◽  
Vegetative Cover ◽  
Elongation Ratio ◽  
Drainage Pattern

The geographical information system (GIS) has emerged as an efficient tool in delineation of drainage patterns of watershed planning and management. The morphometric parameters of basins can address linear, areal and relief aspects. The study deals with the integrated watershed management of Baliya micro-watersheds, located in the Udaipur district of Rajasthan, India. Morphometric analysis in hydrological investigation is an important aspect and it is inevitable in the development and management of drainage basins. The determination of linear, areal and relief parameters indicate fairly good significance. The low value of the bifurcation ratio of 4.19 revealed that the drainage pattern has not been distorted by structural disturbance. The high value of the elongation ratio (0.68) compared to the circulatory ratio (0.27) indicates an elongated shape of the watershed. The high value of drainage density (5.39 km/km2) and stream frequency (12.32) shows that the region has impermeable subsoil material under poor vegetative cover with a low relief factor. The morphometric parameters of relief ratio (0.041) and relative relief (0.99%) show that the watershed can be treated using GIS techniques to determine the morphometric presence of dendritic drainage pattern, with a view to selecting the soil and water conservation measures and water harvesting.

Flood Hazard Information Map Using Geographical Information System (GIS) For Residential Community Resilience

2019 ◽  
Vol 4 (10) ◽  
pp. 149
Author(s):  
Siti Hafsah Zulkarnain ◽  
Muhamad Ali Muhammad Yuzir ◽  
Muhammad Najib Razali ◽  
Zakri Tarmidi
Keyword(s):  
Information System ◽  
Geographical Information System ◽  
System Integration ◽  
Flood Hazard ◽  
Empirical Studies ◽  
Publishing House ◽  
Community Resilience ◽  
Geographical Information ◽  
Residential Community ◽  
Disaster Studies

The purpose of this research is to develop the residential flood hazard information map using Geographical Information System (GIS) for residential community resilience. The review approach is based on related literature contributing to identifying themes such as “flood hazard information map” and “geographical information system”. Integration of data will be sourced from Department of Irrigation and Drainage (DID), National Property Information Centre (NAPIC) and Jabatan Ukur dan Pemetaan Malaysia (JUPEM) using Unique Parcel Identifier (UPI) for respective residential land parcels. An extensive review of previous studies of flood hazard information map of residential community resilience for different flood disaster studies is considered to be the main restrictive factor resulting in a lack of empirical studies in this field. The development of residential property needs to be imposed with the elements for building specifications and materials that have flood resistance and resilience to protect the community life and property.Keywords: Community resilience, Floods, Geographical Information System (GIS), Residential propertyeISSN: 2398-4287 © 2019. The Authors. Published for AMER ABRA cE-Bs by e-International Publishing House, Ltd., UK. This is an open access article under the CC BYNC-ND license (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0/). Peer–review under responsibility of AMER (Association of Malaysian Environment-Behaviour Researchers), ABRA (Association of Behavioural Researchers on Asians) and cE-Bs (Centre for Environment-Behaviour Studies), Faculty of Architecture, Planning & Surveying, Universiti Teknologi MARA, Malaysia.DOI: https://doi.org/10.21834/e-bpj.v4i10.1632

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