scholarly journals The Roots of the Obesity Boom. The Relationship Between Overweight and Educational Level Among Dutch Men, 1950–1979

2021 ◽  
Vol 10 ◽  
pp. 124-129
Author(s):  
Björn Quanjer ◽  
Kristina Thompson
Keyword(s):  
Educational Level ◽  
Tertiary Education ◽  
Economic Status ◽  
Historical Cohort ◽  
Lower Educational Level ◽  
Highly Educated ◽  
Socio Economic Status ◽  
Economic Background ◽  
Prevalence Of Obesity ◽  
The Relationship

While in modern, high-income populations, obesity is associated with being from a low socio-economic background, this may not have always been the case. We test the relationship between obesity and educational level (as a proxy for socio-economic status) in a historical cohort of Dutch military conscripts, from the conscription years 1950–1979. We find that in the 1950s cohort, being in tertiary education was significantly associated with an increased likelihood of being overweight. In contrast, in the 1970s cohort, being in tertiary education was significantly associated with a decreased likelihood of being overweight. We find evidence that the prevalence of obesity remained broadly similar among more highly educated men, while it increased among men of a lower educational level. This likely contributed to the overall rise in the obesity rate. Our findings echo other studies that find a crossover in education’s relationship to BMI as populations become wealthier and obesity rates rise.

scholarly journals The risk of emergency department visits in adults living in rural France

2019 ◽  
Vol 29 (Supplement_4) ◽  
Author(s):  
G Mercier ◽  
Victor Rodwin ◽  
Catherine Quantin ◽  
Michael Chernew ◽  
Michael Gusmano
Keyword(s):  
Primary Care ◽  
Emergency Department ◽  
Rural Areas ◽  
Educational Level ◽  
Economic Status ◽  
Emergency Department Visits ◽  
Lower Educational Level ◽  
Socio Economic Status ◽  
Ed Visits ◽  
Rural France

Abstract Background Individuals living in rural areas have poorer health outcomes due to complex causal pathways related to socio-economic status, health behaviors and lower use of primary care. Emergency department visits without inpatient admission (hereafter ED visits) are an indirect measure of access to primary care. Objective To analyze the determinants of ED visits among French adults living in rural areas. Methods We analyze survey data from the CONSTANCES cohort study, a representative sample of French adults aged 18-69 years. These data on individuals’ demographics, self-reported and physician-reported clinical indicators, and individual socio-economic status, are linked to France’s claims database (SNIIRAM). We analyze the risk of having at least one ED visit, in 2016, using a multivariate logistic regression model. Results Among 12,834 adults included in the study, 1,412 (11%) had at least one ED visit in 2016. After adjustment, the ED visit risk was associated negatively with female gender (OR = 0.87; p < 0.01), age (OR = 0.97; p < 0.01), secondary education (OR = 0.85; p = 0.03), higher use of GPs (OR = 0.99; p = 0.02); and positively associated with the number of comorbidities (OR = 1.1; p < 0.01), poorer self-reported health status (OR = 1.01; p = 0.02), a higher self-reported depression score (OR = 1.01; p = 0.02), and acute care inpatient admissions (OR = 2.4; p < 0.01). Conclusions These results suggest that, among adults living in rural France, those with a lower educational level are at higher risk of ED visits. Policy implications: To reduce health disparities among rural and urban areas, policymakers and primary care professionals should focus on targeted outreach strategies to identify high-needs individuals. Key messages The risk of emergency department visit varies significantly among adult living in rural France. Among adults living in rural France, those with a lower educational level are at higher risk of ED visit.

A study on the Relationship of the weight pattern with the socioeconomic status among adolescents school going children in an Indian Metropolitan City

2017 ◽  
Vol 3 (2) ◽  
pp. 320-323
Author(s):  
Samar Hossain ◽  
Sharma Priyanka ◽  
Talib Hossain ◽  
Surendra Mohan Mathur
Keyword(s):  
Socioeconomic Status ◽  
Socioeconomic Development ◽  
Economic Status ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Overweight And Obesity ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Socio Economic Status ◽  
Obesity And Overweight ◽  
Prevalence Of Obesity ◽  
Development Levels

Objective: The last two decades have witnessed an increase in health care costs due to obesity and related issues among children and adolescents. Childhood obesity is a global phenomenon affecting all socio-economic groups, irrespective of age, sex or ethnicity. The study was done to find the the prevalence of obesity and overweight and their association with socioeconomic status (SES) and the risk factors. Materials and Methods: School based cross sectional study carried out over a period of 4 months in three schools of East Delhi. The study was carried out in 629 school children of 10–18 years of age and belonging to different socioeconomic statuses in schools in East Delhi. The obesity and overweight were considered using an updated body mass index reference. A pre-tested questionnaire was used to determine the Socio-economic status and life style factors. Results: The prevalence of overweight among children was higher in middle socioeconomic status groups as compared to high socioeconomic class in both boys and girls whereas the prevalence of obesity was higher in high Socio economic status group as compared to middle socioeconomic group. The prevalence of obesity as well as overweight in low SES group was the lowest as compared to other group. Conclusion: The findings of this study suggest that the prevalence of overweight and obesity varies remarkably with different socioeconomic development levels.

Poverty and Threat Reactivity

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Lou Safra ◽  
Coralie Chevallier ◽  
Amine Sijilmassi
Keyword(s):  
Economic Status ◽  
Correlational Study ◽  
Socio Economic Status ◽  
The Relationship

A correlational study to test the relationship between socio-economic status and reactivity to threats.

ECP02-01 - Globalisation and the impact of economic factors on psychiatric disorders

2011 ◽  
Vol 26 (S2) ◽  
pp. 1795-1795
Author(s):  
D. Bhugra
Keyword(s):  
Mental Health ◽  
Cultural Identity ◽  
Economic Status ◽  
Psychiatric Morbidity ◽  
Economic Factors ◽  
Socio Economic Status ◽  
Level Of Economic Development ◽  
Migration Experiences ◽  
The Impact ◽  
The Relationship

IntroductionWith the process of globalisation in full flow, the movement of people and products across the globe has brought a series of difficulties. With migration the socio-economic status of the individuals may change with the likelihood that this status will be lower rather than higher, although depending upon the reasons for migration this may change too.ObjectivesLiterature shows that low socio-economic status is associated with a higher level of psychiatric morbidity.AimsWhether migration acts as a mediator needs to be investigated further.MethodsVarious studies have shown that rates of psychosis are elevated in migrants though these rates are differentially increased in different groups indicating that factors other than migration may be at play.ResultsIn this presentation the literature and link the acculturation and cultural identity with post-migration experiences will be reviewed.ConclusionA link exists between the perceptions within cultures and level of economic development of what constitutes mental health. The state of advancement of mental health services of a country will certainly have a large impact on prevalence rates. Further investigation should be carried out to examine in greater depth the relationship between social inequality and disorder prevalence, as distinct from income inequality.

scholarly journals Awakening Aspirations of Primary School Students: Where Will Your Dreams Take You?

2017 ◽  
Vol 6 (3) ◽  
pp. 116 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ruth Greenaway ◽  
Uwe Terton
Keyword(s):  
Higher Education ◽  
Primary School ◽  
New World ◽  
Tertiary Education ◽  
Economic Status ◽  
Primary School Students ◽  
School Students ◽  
Education Literature ◽  
Socio Economic Status ◽  
Capacity To Aspire

This article posits that when children are encouraged to aspire, they can become aware of a new world of choices and opportunities. Children should be supported to aspire in all areas of their lives. Of interest is children’s capacity to aspire to attend tertiary education. Literature shows that children cannot aspire to attend higher education when they have no knowledge of the opportunities nor realise its purpose. To support this argument, we discuss a project involving primary school students from areas that have been identified as having a low socio-economic status. The results show that as a consequence of students participating in the My Tertiary Eductaion (MyTED) program they developed the capacity to aspire to attend tertiary education.“Alicia would look up at the starry sky and dream”(Bright Star, Crew, 1997, p.5)

scholarly journals Tuning the mind: Exploring the connections between musical ability and executive functions

2017 ◽  
Author(s):  
L. Robert Slevc
Keyword(s):  
Cognitive Abilities ◽  
Economic Status ◽  
Musical Experience ◽  
Musical Ability ◽  
Switching Performance ◽  
Socio Economic Status ◽  
Auditory Tasks ◽  
The Mind ◽  
Auditory Processes ◽  
The Relationship

A growing body of research suggests that musical experience and ability are related to a variety of cognitive abilities, including executive functioning (EF). However, it is not yet clear if these relationships are limited to specific components of EF, limited to auditory tasks, or reflect very general cognitive advantages. This study investigated the existence and generality of the relationship between musical ability and EFs by evaluating the musical experience and ability of a large group of participants and investigating whether this predicts individual differences on three different components of EF – inhibition, updating, and switching – in both auditory and visual modalities. Musical ability predicted better performance on both auditory and visual updating tasks, even when controlling for a variety of potential confounds (age, handedness, bilingualism, and socio-economic status). However, musical ability was not clearly related to inhibitory control and was unrelated to switching performance. These data thus show that cognitive advantages associated with musical ability are not limited to auditory processes, but are limited to specific aspects of EF. This supports a process-specific (but modality-general) relationship between musical ability and non-musical aspects of cognition.

scholarly journals University libraries and students of low socio-economic status in Nigeria

2020 ◽  
Vol 2 (2) ◽  
pp. 40-47
Author(s):  
David T. Aju ◽  
Comfort M. Tyopev ◽  
Simon Ternenge Tofi
Keyword(s):  
Academic Performance ◽  
University Students ◽  
Economic Status ◽  
University Libraries ◽  
Socio Economic Status ◽  
Academic Activities ◽  
Economic Background

The paper examined the roles of university libraries for students of low socio-economic status in Nigeria.The authors are extremely concerned about the plight of this cluster of university students because we have travelled this road before.Concepts were identified and discusssed. University libraries from the discussion were seen as hub of academic activities of universities with a number of functions. The paper however believesthe plight of students from low socio-economic background was not properly covered by the operations of university libraries in Nigeria and as such they are disadvantaged. The authors feel this segment of students are important to be cared for because of their future survival, academic performance and achievement, they constitute the population of Nigeria and they may turnout to be leaders of tomorrow. Inview of this, the article suggested support from university libraries for the students, university libraries should engagestudents from low socio-economic statusin extra academic activities such as ICTdrill, writing competition organize seminarsessions etc.

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