scholarly journals Static and Fatigue Analysis of Carbon Epoxy Reinforced Composite Leaf Spring

2018 ◽  
Vol 7 (1) ◽  
pp. 66-69
Author(s):  
Chatwant Singh Pandher . ◽  
Gurinder Singh Brar ◽  
Tejeet Singh
Keyword(s):  
Epoxy Composite ◽  
Fatigue Analysis ◽  
Spring Steel ◽  
Leaf Spring ◽  
Practical Application ◽  
General Study ◽  
Traditional Use ◽  
Static Test ◽  
Reinforced Composite ◽  
Initial Load

Different fields of mechanical, automobile, aerospace, electronics and communication engineering uses composite material. The automobile industries have shown great interest to change traditional use of steel leaf spring with light weight composite leaf spring with same strength. This research paper presents the general study, fabrication, static and fatigue analysis on carbon epoxy composite leaf spring. A rear leaf spring of Tata Ace (mini truck) made of material EN45 spring steel was selected as practical application. Hand Lay-up technique was used to make a carbon epoxy leaf spring. A single carbon epoxy composite leaf spring is compared with EN45 steel leaf spring. Static test was performed on both steel spring and composite spring from initial load of 1000 N to full load of 5400 N. Results shows that deflection of carbon epoxy composite leaf spring is 14% less as compared to the steel leaf spring which means increase in stiffness. Also fatigue life of composite leaf spring is more than desire 100000 cycles.

Experimental Investigation of Basalt Fiber/Epoxy Composite for Automobile Leaf Spring

2019 ◽  
pp. 777-787
Author(s):  
L. B. Raut ◽  
S. V. Jadhav ◽  
V. S. Jagadale ◽  
Vijay Swami ◽  
S. R. Gavali ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Experimental Investigation ◽  
Epoxy Composite ◽  
Basalt Fiber ◽  
Leaf Spring

scholarly journals Enhanced Axial Tension-tension Fatigue Resistance of a 51CrV4 Spring Steel by Cryogenic Treatment

2020 ◽  
Vol 72 (4) ◽  
pp. 138-151
Author(s):  
Chen Zhi ◽  
Gao Yuan ◽  
Yan Xian-Guo ◽  
Guo Hong ◽  
Huang Yao ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Fatigue Life ◽  
Cryogenic Treatment ◽  
Spring Steel ◽  
Thin Strip ◽  
Leaf Spring ◽  
Axial Tension ◽  
Axial Tensile ◽  
Tensile Fatigue ◽  
Conventional Heat Treatment ◽  
Dump Trucks

51CrV4 spring steel is widely used in heavy duty dump trucks ascribing to its superior mechanical properties. The fatigue life and strength of dump trucks are the main performance indicators that must be considered in the manufacturing process. Cryogenic treatment (CT) can improve the main performance of materials which has been proved by recently research. The effect of cryogenic treatment CT on the axial tensile fatigue strength of 51CrV4 spring steel was studied in this paper. The results showed that the axial tension-tension fatigue life of 51CrV4 spring steel after CT was significantly higher than conventional heat treatment (CHT) samples. The microstructure of 51CrV4 leaf spring material is mainly acicular bainite and thin strip martensite after CT. Compared with CHT, CT makes the microstructure of the material more compact. The introduction of cryogenic treatment (CT) before tempering makes the Ca element in the material aggregate, and the micro amount of Ca has the function of deoxidizing and desulphurizing and improving the morphology of sulfide, thus enhancing the fatigue life of the material.

Mathematical Model of a Buckled Spring for Vehicle Active Suspension

1997 ◽  
Author(s):  
Shiping Yao ◽  
Colin Morgan ◽  
Nigel J. Leighton
Keyword(s):  
Dynamic Performance ◽  
Active Suspension ◽  
Effective Rate ◽  
Suspension System ◽  
Leaf Spring ◽  
Practical Application ◽  
Resonance Effects ◽  
Spring Element ◽  
Constant Rate ◽  
Force Displacement

Abstract The basic characteristic of a conventional spring is that of a constant rate, that is a linear force-displacement relationship. If, however, a flat, thin leaf spring is end-loaded past its buckling point it will deform into a curve and the resulting force-displacement relationship can be made virtually flat; that is a very low effective rate is seen, once the buckling force is exceeded. A novel form of automotive active suspension system proposed by Leighton & Pullen (1994) relies upon the “buckled spring” element acting through a variable geometry wishbone assembly to provide wheel to body forces that are controllable by a low power actuator but are virtually independent of wheel to body displacement. The dynamic behavior of the spring element is also significant, since resonance effects may affect the vibration isolating properties of the suspension system and may result in unstable modes of motion. This paper presents a rigorous derivation of the static and dynamic characteristic of the spring element and of the effect of design compromises that are essential for practical application. Comparison of the experimental and simulation results shows that the simulation can be used to predict the static and dynamic performance of the spring.

Mechanical Requirements of Tailored Joining Technologies for Spring Elements in Multi-Material-Design

2015 ◽  
Vol 825-826 ◽  
pp. 385-392
Author(s):  
Arne Busch ◽  
Michael Knorre ◽  
Robert Brandt
Keyword(s):  
High Strength ◽  
Material Design ◽  
Relative Strength ◽  
Spring Steel ◽  
Leaf Spring ◽  
Basic Study ◽  
Glass Fiber Reinforced Plastic ◽  
Specific Strength ◽  
Glass Fiber Reinforced ◽  
Reinforced Plastic

The conflict of targets between mass reduction, strength and costs of a multi-material-design module is addressed by the example of a multi-material hybrid leaf spring. A rather simple model is defined such that one portion of the spring is made by glass fiber reinforced plastic (GFRP) and the other portion by a high strength spring steel.In a rather basic approach the leaf spring is exposed to uniaxial bending. The mass of this module is discussed as a function of the strength of the joint. Subsequently, the leaf spring is exposed to a multi-axial bending, e.g. as an effect of side loads. Hence, the relative strength of the anisotropic portion (GFRP) of the leaf spring is diminished whereas the strength of the isotropic portion (high strength spring steel) is only slightly affected. The mass of the module is discussed in the same way. It is shown up by this analysis that the conflict of targets can be solved in different ways by considering the specific strength of the joint.It is the target of this basic study to derive the mechanical requirement of strength of this tailored joint which has to be met by its design in order to solve the addressed conflict of targets in a preferable optimal way.

Coupled Creep Fatigue Analysis on 2-1/4 Cr-1Mo-V Pressure Components Per Code Case 2605

2010 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mingxin Zhao
Keyword(s):  
Creep Damage ◽  
Fatigue Analysis ◽  
Pressure Vessels ◽  
Background Information ◽  
Practical Application ◽  
Type D ◽  
Creep Fatigue ◽  
Service Conditions ◽  
Operating Temperatures ◽  
Fatigue Evaluation

Vanadium modified or 2 1/4Cr-1Mo-V materials, including SA-182 F22V, SA-336 F22V, SA-541 Type D Class 4a, and SA-832 Grade 22V, are commonly used in pressure vessels or reactors with operating temperatures in the creep range and under cyclic loading conditions. The expected equipment service life due to fatigue will be affected by accumulated creep damage, which may no longer be ignored at higher operating temperatures. Coupled fatigue and creep damages become a crucial factor in evaluating pressure components’ service conditions. ASME B&PV Code Case 2605 outlined a procedure and acceptance criteria for conducting such analysis. This study reviews the background information on fatigue evaluation in the creep range, and presents a fatigue analysis coupled with creep damage on a reactor nozzle structure using finite element method as an example and practical application of the code case. Detailed implementations, analysis results, and recommendations are demonstrated and discussed.

Mechanical loss in a glass-epoxy composite

1990 ◽  
Vol 5 (5) ◽  
pp. 913-915 ◽  
Author(s):  
Manfred Weller ◽  
Hassel Ledbetter
Keyword(s):  
Epoxy Resin ◽  
Epoxy Composite ◽  
Glass Fibers ◽  
Resin Matrix ◽  
Torsion Pendulum ◽  
Loss Peak ◽  
Mechanical Loss ◽  
Fiber Reinforced Composite ◽  
Reinforced Composite ◽  
Computer Controlled

Using a computer-controlled inverted torsion pendulum at frequencies near 1 Hz, we determined the mechanical losses in a uniaxially fiber-reinforced composite. The composite comprised glass fibers in an epoxy-resin matrix. We studied three fiber contents: 0,41, and 49 vol.%. Three mechanical-loss peaks appeared: above 300 K, near 200 K, and near 130 K. They correspond closely to α, β, and γ peaks found previously in many polymers. We failed to see a mechanical-loss peak for either the glass or the glass-resin interface. Between 300 and 4 K, the torsion modulus increased in the resin by a factor of 3.30 and in the 0.49 glass-epoxy by a factor of 2.37.

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