Comparison between indicators of violence: situational analysis of the VIVA 2009

2011 ◽  
Vol 5 (10) ◽  
pp. 2398 ◽  
Author(s):  
Bruno Leonardo Lemos dos Santos ◽  
João Luís Da Silva ◽  
Izabel Christina De Avelar Silva ◽  
Rosário Antunes Fonseca Lima
Keyword(s):  
Public Health ◽  
Ethics Committee ◽  
Mandatory Reporting ◽  
Sentinel Surveillance ◽  
Situational Analysis ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Victims Of Violence ◽  
The University ◽  
Public Health Epidemiology ◽  
Offender Profile

ABSTRACTObjective: to conduct a situational analysis and comparative data on violence in the cities of Recife, Olinda and Jaboatão provided by VIVA Inquiry 2009. Method: it is a cross-sectional epidemiological study, whose population was comprised of victims of violence who sought care in sentinel services in selected municipalities. Data were collected from official publications of the MS on the VIVA Inquiry 2009, being tabulated into spreadsheets, treated statistically and analyzed, allowing to compare the profiles of violence found. It was approved by the Ethics Committee of the Regents of the University of Pernambuco, protocol 271/10, according to the CAAE nº 0266.0.097.000-10. Results: in relation to the victim, the profile found were mostly men aged 20-29 years, brown and up to 8 years of schooling. Among the aggressors, males predominate, prevailing the fellow or former when the victims were female, and unknown when the victims were male. Conclusion: despite the territorial peculiarities, were found some variables with similar manifestations in three cities, such as victim and offender profile, nature of aggression and means. Descriptors: violence; sentinel surveillance; mandatory reporting; public health; epidemiology.  RESUMOObjetivo: realizar análise situacional e comparativa dos dados relativos à violência nas cidades de Recife, Olinda e Jaboatão, disponibilizados pelo VIVA Inquérito 2009. Método: estudo epidemiológico transversal, cuja população foi composta por vítimas de violências que procuraram atendimento nos serviços sentinela dos municípios pernambucanos Recife, Olinda e Jaboatão dos Guararapes. Os dados foram coletados a partir das publicações oficiais do MS sobre o VIVA Inquérito 2009, sendo tabulados em planilhas, tratados estatisticamente e analisados, permitindo comparar os perfis dos casos de violência encontrados, após submissão e aprovação do projeto de pesquisa pelo Comitê de Ética em Pesquisa da Reitoria da Universidade de Pernambuco, protocolo 271/10, de acordo com o CAAE nº 0266.0.097.000-10. Resultados: em relação à vítima, o perfil majoritariamente encontrado foram homens entre 20-29 anos, pardos e com até 8 anos de escolaridade. Entre os agressores, predominou o sexo masculino, prevalecendo os companheiros ou ex quando as vítimas eram do sexo feminino, e pessoas desconhecidas quando as vítimas eram do sexo masculino. Conclusão: apesar das peculiaridades territoriais, foram encontradas algumas variáveis com manifestações semelhantes nas três cidades, tais como: perfil de vítima e agressor, natureza das agressões e meio utilizado. Descritores: violência; vigilância de evento sentinela; notificação de abuso; saúde pública; epidemiologia.RESUMENObjetivo: llevar a cabo un análisis situacional y comparativa de los datos sobre la violencia en las ciudades de Recife, Olinda y Jaboatão proporcionada por VIVA averiguación de 2009. Método: es un estudio epidemiológico transversal, cuya población se compone de víctimas de la violencia que procuraron tratamiento em servicios centinela de los municipios seleccionados. Los datos fueron recolectados de las publicaciones oficiales del MS sobre el VIVA averiguación 2009, siendo tabulados en hojas de cálculo, tratados estadísticamente y analizados, permitiendo comparar los perfiles de la violencia encontrados. Fue aprobado por el Comité de Ética de la Rectoría de la Universidad de Pernambuco, protoloco 271/10, de acuerdo con el nº CAAE 0266.0.097.000-10. Resultados: el perfil de las víctima más encontrado fue varones de 20-29 años, marrón y con hasta 8 años de escolaridad. Entre los delincuentes, predominó el sexo masculino, siendo predominante los compañeros, vigentes o anteriores, cuando las víctimas eran mujeres, y personas desconocidas cuando las víctimas eran hombres. Conclusión: a pesar de las peculiaridades territoriales, algunas variables se encontraron similares en las tres ciudades, como perfil de víctima y agresor, naturaleza de la agresión y los medios. Descriptores: violência; vigilancia de guardia; notificación obligatoria; salud pública; epidemiología.

scholarly journals Cross-sectional mixed-methods study protocol exploring the enablers and barriers for people with severe and enduring mental illness in Jamaica when accessing healthcare for chronic physical illness

BMJ Open ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 10 (8) ◽  
pp. e038245
Author(s):  
Patrice Whitehorne-Smith ◽  
Sharyn Burns ◽  
Ben Milbourn ◽  
Wendel Abel ◽  
Robyn Martin
Keyword(s):  
Mental Illness ◽  
Primary Care Physicians ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Ethics Committee ◽  
Physical Illness ◽  
Caribbean Region ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Chronic Physical Illness ◽  
Ethical Approval ◽  
The University

IntroductionExtant international research suggests that people with severe and enduring mental illness (PWSEMI) experience increased rates of chronic physical illness (CPI), reduced life expectancy and higher mortality than those in the general population. The high prevalence of CPI among PWSEMI is associated with a number of barriers that this population experiences when accessing physical healthcare. Although substantial research has been conducted in North America, Europe and Australia, there appears to be a paucity of research exploring CPI among PWSEMI in the Caribbean region, although this region has reported very high rates of non-communicable diseases within its populations. The current study will be situated in Jamaica and will explore the enablers and barriers to PWSEMI accessing healthcare for CPI.Methods and analysisA convergent mixed-method design will explore the enablers and barriers to accessing healthcare for CPI among PWSEMI. This cross-sectional study will collect data from PWSEMI, caregivers and family members, community health aides, primary care physicians, psychiatrists and health policymakers.Ethics and disseminationThe study findings will provide baseline data describing the prevalence of CPI among PWSEMI in Jamaica and will identify enablers for, and barriers to, PWSEMI accessing CPI care. Findings will be disseminated widely in Jamaica and internationally to key stakeholders through publications and conferences. Institutional ethical approval was granted from Jamaica’s Ministry of Health and Wellness Medico-legal Ethics Review Panel (# 2019/49), the Curtin University Human Research and Ethics Committee (HRE 2020–0022) and the University of the West Indies FMS Ethics Committee (ECP 101, 19/20).

scholarly journals Perfil das notificações sobre violência sexual

2018 ◽  
Vol 12 (5) ◽  
pp. 1372
Author(s):  
Vanessa Carla Batista ◽  
Ivi Ribeiro Back ◽  
Lorenna Viccentine Coutinho Monteschio ◽  
Debora Cristina de Arruda ◽  
Hellen Carla Rickli ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Public Health ◽  
Sexual Violence ◽  
Exposure To Violence ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Mandatory Reporting ◽  
Epidemiological Surveillance ◽  
Sectional Study ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Inferential Analysis ◽  
Sector Data

RESUMOObjetivo: traçar o perfil dos casos de violência sexual. Método: estudo quantitativo, transversal, realizado a partir de consulta às fichas de notificação dos casos atendidos em um hospital de referência, no período de 2014 a 2016, arquivadas no setor de vigilância epidemiológica. Coletaram-se dados de identificação da vítima, do agressor e características da violência. Realizou-se a análise descritiva e inferencial e apresentaram-se os resultados em tabelas. Resultados: foram notificados 241 casos, com maior frequência em adultos (34,9%), seguidos por adolescentes (32,8) e crianças (30,3%), do sexo feminino (87,1%) e cor branca (60,2%). Grande parte dos casos ocorreu no domicílio (41,9%). Entre adultos/idosos, prevaleceram agressores desconhecidos (65,2%) e, entre crianças/adolescentes, amigos/conhecidos (42,1%). Os procedimentos mais frequentes foram a coleta de material para exames (64,7%), a profilaxia de DST (60,2%) e o encaminhamento para o Conselho Tutelar e a Delegacia da Mulher. Conclusão: a violência sexual foi mais frequente em pessoas do sexo feminino e atingiu todas as idades. Seus resultados mostram a necessidade de maior comprometimento no preenchimento das fichas de notificação. O estudo contribui para o avanço do conhecimento sobre este tipo de violência ao descrever as principais características de sua ocorrência. Descritores: Violência Sexual; Saúde Pública; Notificação Compulsória; Exposição à Violência; Epidemiologia; Cuidados de Enfermagem.ABSTRACT Objective: to outline the profile of cases of sexual violence. Method: a quantitative, cross-sectional study, based on the consultation of the records of cases treated at a referral hospital, from 2014 to 2016, filed in the epidemiological surveillance sector. Data was collected identifying the victim, the aggressor and the characteristics of violence. The descriptive and inferential analysis was carried out and the results were presented in tables. Results: 241 cases were reported, more frequently in adults (34.9%), followed by adolescents (32.8%) and children (30.3%), female (87.1%) and white (60 ,2%). Most cases occurred at home (41.9%). Among adults / elderly, unknown perpetrators (65.2%) prevailed and, among children / adolescents, friends / acquaintances (42.1%). The most frequent procedures were the collection of material for examinations (64.7%), STD prophylaxis (60.2%) and referral to the Guardianship Council and the Women's Precinct. Conclusion: Sexual violence was more frequent in females and reached all ages. Their results show the need for greater commitment in completing the notification forms. The study contributes to the advancement of knowledge about this type of violence when describing the main characteristics of its occurrence. Descriptors: Sex Offenses; Public Health; Mandatory Reporting; Exposure to Violence; Epidemiology; Nursing CareRESUMEN Objetivo: trazar el perfil de los casos de violencia sexual. Método: estudio cuantitativo, transversal, realizado a partir de consulta a las fichas de notificación de los casos atendidos en un hospital de referencia, en el período de 2014 a 2016, archivadas en el sector de vigilancia epidemiológica. Los datos fueron recolectados por identificación de la víctima, del agresor y características de la violencia. Se realizó el análisis descriptivo e inferencial y se presentaron los resultados en tablas. Resultados: fueron notificados 241 casos, con mayor frecuencia en adultos (34,9%), seguidos por adolescentes (32,8) y niños (30,3%), del sexo femenino (87,1%) y color blanco (60, 2%). Gran parte de los casos ocurrió en el domicilio (41,9%). Entre adultos / ancianos, prevalecieron agresores desconocidos (65,2%) y, entre niños / adolescentes, amigos / conocidos (42,1%). Los procedimientos más frecuentes fueron la de material para exámenes (64,7%), la profilaxis de ETS (60,2%), y el encaminamiento para el Consejo Tutelar y la Comisaría de la Mujer. Conclusión: la violencia sexual fue más frecuente en las personas del sexo femenino y alcanzó todas las edades. Sus resultados muestran la necesidad de mayor compromiso en el llenado de las fichas de notificación. El estudio contribuye al avance del conocimiento sobre este tipo de violencia, al describir las principales características de su ocurrencia. Descriptores: Delitos Sexuales; Salud Pública; Notificación Obligatoria; Exposición a la Violencia; Epidemiología; Atención de Enfermería.

scholarly journals Oxford Understanding Relationships, Sex, Power, Abuse and Consent Experiences (OUR SPACE) cross-sectional survey: a study protocol

BMJ Open ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (11) ◽  
pp. e051826
Author(s):  
Bridget Steele ◽  
Michelle Degli Esposti ◽  
Pete Mandeville ◽  
Gillian Hamnett ◽  
Elizabeth Nye ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Higher Education ◽  
Sexual Violence ◽  
Research Ethics ◽  
Ethics Committee ◽  
Health Concern ◽  
Cross Sectional Survey ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Research Ethics Committee ◽  
University Of Oxford ◽  
The University

IntroductionSexual violence among higher education students is a public health concern, threatening the general safety of students, often with significant physical and mental health implications for victims. Establishing the prevalence estimates of sexual violence at higher education institutions (HEIs) is essential for designing and resourcing responses to sexual violence, including monitoring the effectiveness of prevention initiatives and institutional programmes. Yet, to date, there have been no rigorous studies assessing prevalence of sexual violence at HEIs in the UK.Methods and analysisInformed by guidance from Universities UK, the University of Oxford administration and the related student advocacy groups working within the University, Oxford Understanding Relationships, Sex, Power, Abuse and Consent Experiences is a cross-sectional survey of all undergraduate and graduate students over the age of 18 enrolled at the University of Oxford, UK. The survey design uses a complete sampling approach and measures adapted from previous campus climate surveys in the USA as well as the Sexual Experiences Survey (USA). The analysis will estimate the prevalence of sexual harassment and sexual violence perpetration and victimisation, and will examine whether ethnicity, gender identity, and sexual orientation are associated with these primary outcomes.Ethics and disseminationEthical approval was obtained by the Social Sciences and Humanities Interdivisional Research Ethics Committee at the University of Oxford which is a subcommittee of the Central University Research Ethics Committee (ref no.: R73805/RE001). The research team will disseminate findings through peer-reviewed journal articles and conference presentations. A report cowritten by authors and stakeholders will be shared with Oxford University students.

scholarly journals Future Proofing Applied Epidemiology Workforce Training for Emergency Response. A Global Survey of Applied Epidemiologists, 2019-2020

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Amy Elizabeth Parry ◽  
Martyn D Kirk ◽  
David N Durrheim ◽  
Babatunde Olowokure ◽  
Samantha Colquhoun ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Public Health ◽  
Emergency Response ◽  
Work Experience ◽  
Online Survey ◽  
Management Training ◽  
Workforce Training ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Health Security ◽  
Online Social Media ◽  
Public Health Epidemiology

Abstract BackgroundRapid and effective emergency response to address health security relies heavily on a competent and suitably trained local and international workforce. The COVID-19 pandemic has highlighted the need to ensure that the health security workforce is well equipped to tackle current and future challenges. We conducted a survey to understand whether applied epidemiology training was meeting the needs of the field epidemiological workforce.MethodWe conducted a cross sectional online survey. Purposive sampling and snowballing techniques were used to identify survey respondents. Inclusion criterion was any person who self-identified as working in an applied epidemiology role. We recruited survey respondents through an online social media campaign and partnered with the Training Programs in Epidemiology and Public Health Interventions Network (TEPHINET) to directly reach field epidemiology training programme (FETP) alumni networks. Survey topics included participant demographics, technical background, formal education level, year of epidemiology training, topics studied during epidemiology training, years of experience as an epidemiologist, and their public health/epidemiology learning. The survey was available in English and French. ResultsWe received 282 responses from people with a range of formal public health and epidemiology training backgrounds. Applied epidemiology work experience of respondents spanned almost 30 years from across 64 countries. FETP alumni made up 74% (n=210) of the total. Basic outbreak and surveillance training was well reported by the respondents, however training in specialised techniques related to emergency response was not as common. Less than 50% of respondents reported receiving training in leadership and management. Training in emergency response and communications scored low across most categories. Fifty-six per cent of respondents reported learning evidence-based decision-making. FETP graduates reported higher levels of formal training in all survey topics. ConclusionA specific aim of our survey was to identify the training needs of the applied epidemiology workforce. Training gaps identified included leadership, communication and social skills, as well as emergency response capacity. Our survey showed that applied epidemiology workforce training must evolve to remain relevant to current and future public health challenges.

scholarly journals Análise espacial e perfil epidemiológico da hanseníase como subsídio para identificação de riscos e vulnerabilidades socioambientais em Rondônia, BR

2021 ◽  
Vol 14 (3) ◽  
pp. 1513
Author(s):  
Jaqueline Ronconi Borba ◽  
Jéssica Mazutti Penso-Campos ◽  
Marina Schmidt Dalzochio ◽  
Jussara Alves Sommer ◽  
Eduardo Périco ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Public Health ◽  
Spatial Analysis ◽  
Generalized Linear Models ◽  
Health Informatics ◽  
Linear Models ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Neglected Diseases ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Epidemiological Profile ◽  
Public Health Epidemiology

A hanseníase é uma doença antiga, e sempre foi estigmatizada devido às sequelas que causam nos portadores, bem como, sua origem socioeconômica e cultural. Dada à complexidade epidemiológica da hanseníase, conhecer a espacialidade da doença e sua relação com fatores sociais, culturais e ambientais pode subsidiar o planejamento de novas ações para políticas públicas de saúde. A partir de técnicas de análise espacial e Modelos Lineares Generalizados (GLMs) o objetivo foi descrever o perfil epidemiológico dos portadores e realizar a análise espacial da hanseníase no estado do Rondônia, relacionando com variáveis socioambentais. Trata-se de um estudo quantitativo, descritivo, transversal, envolvendo os casos de hanseníase, no período de 2017, nos municípios de Rondônia, com dados provenientes do Sistema de Informática em Saúde do Sistema Único de Saúde (DATASUS, 2019). No ano de 2017, foram 575 notificações, com 95,3% com 15 anos ou mais, o sexo masculino teve uma prevalência maior com 58,1%. O modo de entrada do paciente no sistema de assistência à saúde foi maior na categoria "caso novo" (81,9%). Entre os 52 municípios de Rondônia, apenas 11,5% (6) municípios não apresentaram casos. A forma Dimorfa foi a mais frequente (59,3% de incidência), com registros em 39 municípios. Os modelos lineares indicaram relação entre as formas da doença e o número de casos com as variáveis demográficas e socioeconômicas analisadas: analfabetismo, renda média, destinação sanitária e cobertura da atenção básica em saúde.   Spatial analysis and epidemiological profile of leprosy as a subsidy for identifying socio-environmental risks and vulnerabilities in Rondônia, BR A B S T R A C TLeprosy is an old disease, and has always been stigmatized due to the sequelae it causes to its carriers, as well as its socioeconomic and cultural origin. Given the epidemiological complexity of leprosy, knowing the spatiality of the disease and its relationship with social, cultural and environmental factors can support the planning of new actions for public health policies. Using spatial analysis techniques and Generalized Linear Models (GLMs), the objective was to describe the epidemiological profile of patients and to carry out the spatial analysis of leprosy relating to socio-environmental variables in the state of Rondônia. This is a quantitative, descriptive, cross-sectional study, involving leprosy cases, in the period of 2017, in the municipalities of Rondônia, with data from the Health Informatics System of the Unified Health System (DATASUS, 2019). In the year 2017, there were 575 notifications, with 95.3% aged 15 years or older, males had a higher prevalence with 58.1%. The mode of entry of the patient into the health care system was higher in the "new case" category (81.9%). Among the 52 municipalities in Rondônia, only 11.5% (6) municipalities did not present any cases. The Dimorfa form was the most frequent (59.3% incidence), with records in 39 municipalities. The generalized linear models indicated a relationship between the forms of the disease and the number of cases with the demographic and socioeconomic variables analyzed: illiteracy, average income, sanitary destination, primary health care.Keywords: Neglected Diseases; Mycobacterium leprae; Public health; Epidemiology.

scholarly journals Strengthening of sentinel surveillance through priority settings in public health resource allocation

2017 ◽  
Vol 4 (8) ◽  
pp. 2798
Author(s):  
Raghvendra Gumashta
Keyword(s):  
Public Health ◽  
Monitoring And Evaluation ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Sentinel Surveillance ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Health Resource Allocation ◽  
Training Needs Assessment ◽  
Multi Stage ◽  
Informal Interview ◽  
Trained Staff

Background: Sentinel Surveillance assists in designing, re-designing and formulating health policy, programs and public health interventions and hence there is need to have a relook into the need for improving its implementation, monitoring and evaluation. Methods: Informal interview based cross sectional study was undertaken during January 2015 to December 2016 among the programmatic stakeholders including the doctors, laboratory technicians and support staff for understanding of the constraints observed during conduct of surveillance. Results: Time constraint and delayed supply of goods (94%), non-observance of guidelines (56%), dilution of sample quality (46%), requirement of training needs assessment (32%), absence of local communication network among stakeholders (68%), need for new initiatives (68%) and need for well trained staff during sample transport (34%) are important areas for quality enhancement. Conclusions: Framework support for surveillance requires strengthening from technical inputs of stakeholders thereby facilitating multi stage corrective actions directed towards achievement of appropriate public health actions. 

scholarly journals Aspectos clínicos e epidemiológicos da hanseníase

2019 ◽  
Vol 13 (2) ◽  
pp. 353
Author(s):  
Ana Karla Araújo Nascimento Costa ◽  
Irmtraut Araci Hoffmann Pfrimer ◽  
Ana Maria Fernandes Menezes ◽  
Laura Branquinho do Nascimento ◽  
José Rodrigues do Carmo Filho
Keyword(s):  
Public Health ◽  
Public Health Problem ◽  
Mycobacterium Leprae ◽  
Social Representation ◽  
Sputum Smear ◽  
Smear Microscopy ◽  
Neglected Diseases ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Zero Degree ◽  
Public Health Epidemiology

RESUMOObjetivo: analisar os aspectos clínicos e epidemiológicos da hanseníase. Método: trata-se de um estudo quantitativo, descritivo, transversal, envolvendo 35.853 casos de hanseníase, no período de 2005 a 2015. Informa-se que a análise dos dados adveio do Sistema de Informação de Agravos de Notificação, e os resultados foram apresentados em forma de tabela e figura. Resultados: registraram-se 35.853 casos de hanseníase, sendo a maioria do sexo masculino na faixa etária entre 40-59 anos, de cor parda, com nível fundamental incompleto e residente em zona urbana. Revela-se que a forma clínica dimorfa, multibacilar e o grau zero de incapacidade física foram os mais incidentes, e o modo de entrada mais frequente foi o de casos novos; a cura foi a principal forma de saída, a baciloscopia não foi realizada na maioria dos casos e o esquema terapêutico inicial foi a poliquimioterapia para multibacilares. Conclusão: conclui-se que a hanseníase é endêmica e ainda constitui um problema de saúde pública, e é fundamental que sejam desenvolvidas atividades educativas de forma permanente, sobretudo para a população vulnerável. Deve-se fundamentar esta ação na compreensão da representação social que esses grupos populacionais têm acerca da hanseníase. Descritores: Doenças Negligenciadas; Mycobacterium leprae; Hanseníase; Saúde Pública; Epidemiologia; Infecção.ABSTRACT Objective: to analyze the clinical and epidemiological aspects of leprosy. Method: this is a quantitative study, descriptive, cross-sectional, involving 35,853 cases of leprosy in the period from 2005 to 2015. Informs you that the analysis of the data came from the Information System of Reportable Diseases, and the results were presented in the form of table and figure. Results: it was registered 35,853 cases of leprosy, the majority being male aged between 40-59 years old, brown color, with incomplete primary education and residing in the urban area. It turns out that the dimorphic clinical form, multibacillary leprosy and the zero degree of physical disability were the most incidents, and the mode of entry more frequent was the new cases; the cure was the main form of output, the sputum smear microscopy was not performed in the majority of cases and the initial therapeutic regimen was the polychemotherapy for multibacillary patients. Conclusion: it is concluded that leprosy is endemic and still constitutes a public health problem, and it is essential to be developed educational activities on a permanent basis, especially for the vulnerable population. You must substantiate this action in the understanding of the social representation that these population groups have about leprosy. Descriptors: Neglected Diseases; Mycobacterium leprae; Leprosy; Public Health; Epidemiology; Infection.RESUMEN Objetivo: analizar los aspectos clínicos y epidemiológicos de la lepra. Método: se trata de un estudio cuantitativo, descriptivo y transversal que envuelven 35,853 casos de lepra en el período de 2005 a 2015. Le informa de que el análisis de los datos proviene del Sistema de Información de Agravios de Notificación, y los resultados se presentaron en forma de tablas y figuras. Resultados: se registraron 35,853 casos de lepra, la mayoría son varones con edades comprendidas entre 40-59 años, de color marrón, con primaria incompleta y que residen en el área urbana. Resulta que la forma clínica dimorfa, lepra multibacilar y el grado cero de la discapacidad física fueron la mayoría de los incidentes, y el modo de entrada más frecuente fue el de casos nuevos; la curación fue la principal forma de producción, la baciloscopía no se llevó a cabo en la mayoría de los casos y la pauta terapéutica inicial fue la poliquimioterapia para pacientes multibacilares. Conclusión: se concluye que la lepra es endémica y aún constituye un problema de salud pública y es esencial que se desarrollen actividades educativas sobre una base permanente, especialmente para la población más vulnerable. Debe justificar esta acción en la comprensión de la representación social que estos grupos de población tienen acerca de la lepra. Descriptores: Enfermedades Olvidadas; Mycobacterium leprae; lepra; Salud Pública; Epidemiología; Infección. 

scholarly journals Public Health Students’ Reflection regarding the First Case of Coronavirus Disease 2019 in a University, Southern Thailand

2020 ◽  
Vol 1 (3) ◽  
pp. 182-192
Author(s):  
Suwanbamrung C ◽  
Kaewsawat S
Keyword(s):  
Public Health ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
The Public ◽  
Public Health Professionals ◽  
First Case ◽  
Analysis Technique ◽  
Southern Thailand ◽  
Almost All ◽  
The University

Background: The coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) is a pandemic disease. In Thailand, public health professionals are the main stakeholder for risk management. The aim was to explore the reflections of the public health students regarding the first case of a COVID-19 patient near a university area, southern Thailand. Study design: The cross-sectional qualitative study. Methods: The study was conducted written on one page which contained four elements of the reflection concept. Students’ reflections were collected by the researcher after oral consent. The data analysis used the thematic analysis technique and included the following five steps: 1) reading and rereading to understand reflections, 2) identifying the coding, 3) setting the category of the coding in relation to meanings, 4) interpreting the theme based on their meaning and related phenomena, and 5) setting the main themes. Results: Ninety public health students that studied at a 3rd level classification of a community public health program. Almost all (77) were women (85.6%), were 20-21 years old, and had received information regarding the coronavirus outbreak from social media, family members, other students, lecturers, and other people. The 17 themes and 35 sub-themes of the reflection concept included three themes’ regarding the seven sub-themes of “What I faced”, five themes regarding the six sub-themes of “What I did”, four themes regarding the seven sub-themes of “What Happened”, and five themes regarding the 19 sub-themes of “So what or now what” elements. Conclusions: The reflections of the public health students are important for lecturers, the university, and their parents for supporting and guiding them to prevent the transmission of COVID-19.

scholarly journals A/C study protocol: a cross-sectional study of HIV epidemiology among African, Caribbean and Black people in Ontario

BMJ Open ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 10 (7) ◽  
pp. e036259
Author(s):  
Lawrence Mbuagbaw ◽  
Wangari Tharao ◽  
Winston Husbands ◽  
Laron E Nelson ◽  
Muna Aden ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Public Health ◽  
Health Services ◽  
Hiv Infection ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Administrative Databases ◽  
Sectional Study ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
African Caribbean ◽  
The University ◽  
Use Of Health Services

IntroductionAfrican, Caribbean and Black (ACB) communities are disproportionately infected by HIV in Ontario, Canada. They constitute only 5% of the population of Ontario yet account for 25% of new diagnoses of HIV. The aim of this study is to understand underlying factors that augment the HIV risk in ACB communities and to inform policy and practice in Ontario.Methods and analysisWe will conduct a cross-sectional study of first-generation and second-generation ACB adults aged 15–64 in Toronto (n=1000) and Ottawa (n=500) and collect data on sociodemographic information, sexual behaviours, substance use, blood donation, access and use of health services and HIV-related care. We will use dried blood spot testing to determine the incidence and prevalence of HIV infection among ACB people, and link participant data to administrative databases to investigate health service access and use. Factors associated with key outcomes (HIV infection, testing behaviours, knowledge about HIV transmission and acquisition, HIV vulnerability, access and use of health services) will be evaluated using generalised linear mixed models, adjusted for relevant covariates.Ethics and disseminationThis study has been reviewed and approved by the following Research Ethics Boards: Toronto Public Health, Ottawa Public Health, Laurentian University; the University of Ottawa and the University of Toronto. Our findings will be disseminated as community reports, fact sheets, digital stories, oral and poster presentations, peer-reviewed manuscripts and social media.

scholarly journals Recognising the Significance of Bioethical Reflections for the Promotion of Teachers' Health in Higher Education: A Cross-Sectional Study

2019 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ivani Nadir Carlotto ◽  
Maria Alzira Pimenta Dinis
Keyword(s):  
Quality Of Life ◽  
Health Promotion ◽  
Well Being ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Ethics Committee ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Fernando Pessoa ◽  
Conceptual Clarity ◽  
The University

Universities are essential institutions for health promotion (HP). Bioethics, as a transversal discipline, seeks to analyse and systematise these values in an ethical way, strengthening the synergy between health and health promotion. Ecological models are a possibility to develop health actions in a holistic, sustainable and salutogenic way, stimulating positive aspects related to ethics, well-being, quality of life and happiness. Research with exploratory-descriptive methodology and quantitative-qualitative approach. Sample: University professors from the Rio Grande do Sul, random sample, probabilistic for convenience, CI = 95%, n = 1400 people. The research approved by the Research Ethics Committee of the Hospital das Clínicas of Porto Alegre (HCPA), Brazil, Ethics Committee of the University Fernando Pessoa (UFP), Porto, Portugal. Universities function as research and learning venues to strengthen HP's activities. Bioethics and HP aim to build qualified actions in health, to defend and promoting well-being, quality of life, equity, inclusion, sustainability and social justice, with the proper conceptual clarity that distinguishes it.

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