scholarly journals Lecturas liberales desde Un mundo feliz: Huxley, Lippmann, Ortega y Dewey ante la homogeneización social.

2021 ◽  
Vol 24 (3) ◽  
pp. 343-354
Author(s):  
Rodolfo Gutiérrez Simón
Keyword(s):  
John Dewey ◽  
William James ◽  
Aldous Huxley ◽  
Walter Lippmann ◽  
Siglo Xx

El presente artículo analiza cómo una serie de autores autodenominados liberales perciben y critican la homogeneización social artificialmente producida. Para ello, se toma como referencia la obra Un mundo feliz, de Aldous Huxley, donde dicho procedimiento se vincula claramente con una sociedad totalitaria. A partir de ahí, se estudian las críticas que realizan a la homogeneización el propio Huxley, Walter Lippmann y Ortega y Gasset, recurriendo también a conceptos de William James. Se muestra la vinculación existente entre la homogeneización social y los movimientos totalitarios de comienzos del siglo XX, y se concluye con una propuesta inspirada por el pensamiento de John Dewey.

Empiricisms

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Barry Allen
Keyword(s):  
John Dewey ◽  
Gilles Deleuze ◽  
William James ◽  
Natural Philosophy ◽  
Modern Science ◽  
Detailed Account ◽  
Chinese Tradition ◽  
Experimental Practice ◽  
European Philosophy ◽  
History Of

Empiricisms reassesses the values of experience and experiment in European philosophy and comparatively. It traces the history of empirical philosophy from its birth in Greek medicine to its emergence as a philosophy of modern science. A richly detailed account in Part I of history’s empiricisms establishes a context in Part II for reconsidering the work of the so-called radical empiricists—William James, Henri Bergson, John Dewey, and Gilles Deleuze, each treated in a dedicated chapter. What is “radical” about their work is to return empiricism from epistemology to the ontology and natural philosophy where it began. Empiricisms also sets empirical philosophy in conversation with Chinese tradition, considering technological, scientific, medical, and alchemical sources, as well as selected Confucian, Daoist, and Mohist classics. The work shows how philosophical reflection on experience and a profound experimental practice coexist in traditional China with no interaction or even awareness of each other. Empiricism is more multi-textured than philosophers tend to assume when we explain it to ourselves and to students. One purpose of Empiricisms is to recover the neglected context. A complementary purpose is to elucidate the value of experience and arrive at some idea of what is living and dead in philosophical empiricism.

Constructive realism: In defense of the objective reality of perspectives

Human Affairs ◽  
2013 ◽  
Vol 23 (4) ◽  
Author(s):  
Roman Madzia
Keyword(s):  
Cognitive Processes ◽  
John Dewey ◽  
William James ◽  
Cognitive Sciences ◽  
Objective Reality ◽  
Constructive Realism ◽  
Neural Processes ◽  
The World ◽  
Epistemological Position ◽  
Epistemological Realism

AbstractThe paper proposes an outline of a reconciliatory approach to the perennial controversy between epistemological realism and anti-realism (constructionism). My main conceptual source in explaining this view is the philosophy of pragmatism, more specifically, the epistemological theories of George H. Mead, John Dewey, and also William James’ radical empiricism. First, the paper analyzes the pragmatic treatment of the goal-directedness of action, especially with regard to Mead’s notion of attitudes, and relates it to certain contemporary epistemological theories provided by the cognitive sciences (Maturana, Rizzolatti, Clark). Against this background, the paper presents a philosophical as well as empirical justification of why we should interpret the environment and its objects in terms of possibilities for action. In Mead’s view, the objects and events of our world emerge within stable patterns of organism-environment interactions, which he called “perspectives”. According to pragmatism as well as the aforementioned cognitive scientists, perception and other cognitive processes include not only neural processes in our heads but also the world itself. Elaborating on Mead’s concept of perspectives, the paper argues in favor of the epistemological position called “constructive realism.”

Pragmatic Bioethics, by Glenn McGee, ed. Nashville, TN: Vanderbilt University Press, 1999. 320 pp. $19.95

2000 ◽  
Vol 9 (2) ◽  
pp. 291-295
Author(s):  
Mark Moller
Keyword(s):  
John Dewey ◽  
William James ◽  
The Other ◽  
Collective Goal ◽  
Vanderbilt University

Classical American pragmatists, such as William James, John Dewey, and C. S. Peirce, have had little influence on the development of bioethics. Glenn McGee and the other authors whose essays make up this book believe that this is a mistake. They maintain that the work of these pragmatists constitutes an original and effective method for understanding and resolving bioethical dilemmas. Their collective goal is to convince the rest of us that they are right.

scholarly journals Pragmatismo e economia: elementos filosóficos para uma interpretação do discurso econômico

2006 ◽  
Vol 36 (3) ◽  
pp. 637-661
Author(s):  
Paulo Gala ◽  
Danilo Araújo Fernandes ◽  
José Márcio Rego
Keyword(s):  
John Dewey ◽  
William James ◽  
Richard Rorty ◽  
Charles Sanders Peirce ◽  
Thorstein Veblen ◽  
Milton Friedman

Partindo do debate atual sobre retórica em economia, o trabalho tem por objetivo trazer elementos da corrente filosófica do pragmatismo para a discussão metodológica entre economistas, particularmente no que diz respeito à teoria da verdade e suas implicações epistemológicas. Após apresentar as contribuições dos pioneiros da filosofia pragmatista, William James, John Dewey e Charles Sanders Peirce, e discutir aspectos da obra de Willard Quine e Richard Rorty, procura identificar influências dessa corrente filosófica em importantes economistas tais como John M. Keynes, Milton Friedman e Thorstein Veblen. Por fim conclui com algumas reflexões possivelmente úteis para a prática da ciência econômica.

scholarly journals Maneiras de pesquisar no cotidiano: contribuição da teoria do ator-rede

2008 ◽  
Vol 20 (spe) ◽  
pp. 7-11 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ronald João Jacques Arendt
Keyword(s):  
John Dewey ◽  
William James ◽  
Bruno Latour

A partir da temática geral do XI Simpósio da ANPEPP"Maneiras de pesquisar no cotidiano: contribuições para a formação em pesquisa em Psicologia", e tendo em vista a participação do autor no GT "Cotidiano e Práticas Sociais" da ANPEPP, este texto busca descrever a prática de formação em pesquisa a partir da teoria do ator-rede. Após efetuar a recensão de um texto de Bruno Latour, um diálogo entre um professor e um aluno em que são expostas as principais características da prática de pesquisa no âmbito desta abordagem, o autor busca precisar o posicionamento epistemológico-metodológico da referida teoria assim como suas raízes fundadas na filosofia pragmática, descrevendo sucintamente algumas proposições de William James e John Dewey.

Mead, George Herbert (1863–1931)

2018 ◽  
Author(s):  
Hans Joas
Keyword(s):  
Social Psychology ◽  
John Dewey ◽  
William James ◽  
The Self ◽  
George Herbert ◽  
Human Communication ◽  
George Herbert Mead ◽  
American Pragmatism ◽  
Charles Peirce ◽  
Infantile Development

Together with Charles Peirce, William James and John Dewey, George Herbert Mead is considered one of the classic representatives of American pragmatism. He is most famous for his ideas about the specificities of human communication and sociality and about the genesis of the ‘self’ in infantile development. By developing these ideas, Mead became one of the founders of social psychology and – mostly via his influence on the school of symbolic interactionism – one of the most influential figures in contemporary sociology. Compared to that enormous influence, other parts of his philosophical work are relatively neglected.

Lippmann and Dewey

2019 ◽  
pp. 80-124
Author(s):  
Jeffrey Friedman
Keyword(s):  
Social Science ◽  
John Dewey ◽  
Modern Society ◽  
Mass Public ◽  
Adequate Understanding ◽  
New Form ◽  
Walter Lippmann ◽  
Lack Of Knowledge

During the 1920s, Walter Lippmann expressed his growing doubts about the epistemic capacities of the journalistically informed mass public, and John Dewey published three responses to these doubts—none of which grappled with the interpretive problems that Lippmann saw as the barrier to an adequate understanding of modern society. Rather than lamenting the mass public’s lack of knowledge, as Dewey did, Lippmann was mainly worried about the inevitably biased stereotypes by means of which journalists and their readers winnow down overabundant knowledge into coherent interpretations. Dewey’s hopes for a new form of journalism, his faith in ordinary people’s knowledge of the problems afflicting them, and his ideas for a new social science failed to confront this problem of interpretation. However, Lippmann’s own solution, early in the debate, was an epistocracy of statisticians, which also failed to confront the interpretive problem he had identified. The debate ended, then, with neither engagement nor resolution.

scholarly journals El papel del arte contemporáneo en la dinamización social del entorno urbano. un estudio de caso: el barrio del oeste en salamanca

2017 ◽  
Vol 29 (2) ◽  
pp. 299-315
Author(s):  
Carmen González ◽  
José Gómez-Isla ◽  
Víctor Del Río ◽  
Alberto Santamaría
Keyword(s):  
John Dewey ◽  
Siglo Xx ◽  
Estudio De Caso ◽  
Arte Contemporáneo

Nuestra contribución analiza la relación entre arte contemporáneo y sociedad atendiendo a la evolución experimentada últimamente en los espacios de recepción del arte y la creciente intervención artística en espacios urbanos. Esta circunstancia ha propiciado un cambio de tendencia como reacción al distanciamiento entre arte y sociedad. Desde el siglo XX la producción artística ha tendido hacia la especialización y manejo de códigos específicos, lo que motiva una restricción de su ámbito de acción a lugares prefijados para su distribución y consumo. Estos espacios concretos, como centros de arte o galerías privadas, aunque puedan favorecer las condiciones para presentar o comercializar cierto tipo de obras artísticas, también determinan la mirada del espectador e interfieren en el contacto directo de la obra con el público. Encapsuladas en lugares excepcionales, las obras artísticas se han alejado de la experiencia de la vida cotidiana. Sin embargo, en estas primeras décadas del siglo XXI se observa una tendencia a “recobrar la continuidad de la experiencia estética con los procesos normales de la vida”. Esta aspiración de John Dewey (1949:11) se ve actualizada en parte de la producción artística situada fuera de centros de arte y galerías y en el auge del arte urbano como motor de transformación social. La intervención artística en el espacio público, aunque pueda parecer sutil, también supone el detonante de la transformación social de un barrio entero, favoreciendo hábitos colectivos y de dinamización que transforman y enriquecen la forma de vida de las personas.

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