Algorithm for Extracting Initial and Terminal Contact Timings during Treadmill Running using Inertial Sensors

To improve the workout efficiency and to provide the body movement suggestions to users in a “smart gym” environment, we propose to use a depth camera for capturing a user’s body parts and mount multiple inertial sensors on the body parts of a user to generate deadlift behavior models generated by a recurrent neural network structure. The contribution of this paper is trifold: 1) The multimodal sensing signals obtained from multiple devices are fused for generating the deadlift behavior classifiers, 2) the recurrent neural network structure can analyze the information from the synchronized skeletal and inertial sensing data, and 3) a Vaplab dataset is generated for evaluating the deadlift behaviors recognizing capability in the proposed method.

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A Preliminary Framework and Feasibility Study for Spacecraft Disturbance Source Detection and Isolation with Distributed Inertial Sensors

AIAA Scitech 2021 Forum ◽

10.2514/6.2021-1867 ◽

2021 ◽

Author(s):

Adam Augustyniak ◽

David J. Hanley ◽

Timothy W. Bretl ◽

Neil J. Hejmanowski ◽

David L. Carroll

Keyword(s):

Feasibility Study ◽

Inertial Sensors ◽

Source Detection ◽

Disturbance Source

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Interleukin-6 mediated exercise-induced alleviation of adiposity and hepatic steatosis in mice

BMJ Open Diabetes Research & Care ◽

10.1136/bmjdrc-2020-001431 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 9 (1) ◽

pp. e001431

Author(s):

Long Li ◽

Caoxin Huang ◽

Hongyan Yin ◽

Xiaofang Zhang ◽

Dongmei Wang ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Body Weight ◽

Adipose Tissue ◽

Exercise Training ◽

Hepatic Steatosis ◽

Interleukin 6 ◽

Body Weight Gain ◽

Treadmill Running ◽

Alcoholic Fatty Liver ◽

Fat Accumulation ◽

Ppar Γ

IntroductionExercise training has been shown to be the most effective strategy to combat obesity and non-alcoholic fatty liver disease. However, exercise promotes loss of adipose tissue mass and improves obesity-related hepatic steatosis through mechanisms that remain obscure.Research design and methodsTo study the role of interleukin-6 (IL-6) in high-fat diet (HFD)-induced adiposity and hepatic steatosis during treadmill running, IL-6 knockout (IL-6 KO) mice and wild-type (WT) mice were randomly divided into lean, obese (fed a HFD) and trained obese groups (fed a HFD and exercise trained).ResultsAfter 20 weeks of HFD feeding and 8 weeks of treadmill running, we found that exercise obviously reduced HFD-induced body weight gain, inhibited visceral adipose tissue (VAT) and subcutaneous adipose tissue (SAT) expansion and almost completely reversed obesity-related intrahepatic fat accumulation in WT mice. However, IL-6 knockout (IL-6 KO) mice are refractory to the benefits of treadmill training on body weight, VAT and SAT mass elevation, and hepatic steatosis. Moreover, a panel of lipolytic-related and thermogenic-related genes, including ATGL, HSL and PGC-1α, was upregulated in the VAT and SAT of WT mice that received exercise training compared with untrained mice, which was not observed in IL-6 KO mice. In addition, exercise training resulted in a significant inhibition of hepatic peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor gamma (PPAR-γ) expression in WT mice, and these effects were not noted in IL-6 KO mice.ConclusionThese results revealed that IL-6 is involved in the prevention of obesity and hepatic fat accumulation during exercise training. The mechanisms underlying these antiobesity effects may be associated with enhanced lipolysis and thermogenesis in white adipose tissue. The improvement in hepatic steatosis by exercise training may benefit from the marked inhibition of PPAR-γ expression by IL-6.

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Running barefoot leads to lower running stability compared to shod running - results from a randomized controlled study

Scientific Reports ◽

10.1038/s41598-021-83056-9 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 11 (1) ◽

Author(s):

Karsten Hollander ◽

Daniel Hamacher ◽

Astrid Zech

Keyword(s):

Controlled Trial ◽

Drop Out ◽

Treadmill Running ◽

Measurement Unit ◽

Controlled Study ◽

Local Dynamic ◽

Long Term Effects ◽

Barefoot Running ◽

Random Intercept ◽

Short Time

AbstractLocal dynamic running stability is the ability of a dynamic system to compensate for small perturbations during running. While the immediate effects of footwear on running biomechanics are frequently investigated, no research has studied the long-term effects of barefoot vs. shod running on local dynamic running stability. In this randomized single-blinded controlled trial, young adults novice to barefoot running were randomly allocated to a barefoot or a cushioned footwear running group. Over an 8-week-period, both groups performed a weekly 15-min treadmill running intervention in the allocated condition at 70% of their VO2 max velocity. During each session, an inertial measurement unit on the tibia recorded kinematic data (angular velocity) which was used to determine the short-time largest Lyapunov exponents as a measure of local dynamic running stability. One hundred running gait cycles at the beginning, middle, and end of each running session were analysed using one mixed linear multilevel random intercept model. Of the 41 included participants (48.8% females), 37 completed the study (drop-out = 9.7%). Participants in the barefoot running group exhibited lower running stability than in the shod running group (p = 0.037) with no changes during the intervention period (p = 0.997). Within a single session, running stability decreased over the course of the 15-min run (p = 0.012) without differences between both groups (p = 0.060). Changing from shod to barefoot running reduces running stability not only in the acute phase but also in the longer term. While running stability is a relatively new concept, it enables further insight into the biomechanical influence of footwear.

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Wearable Technologies in Field Hockey Competitions: A Scoping Review

Sensors ◽

10.3390/s21155242 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 21 (15) ◽

pp. 5242

Author(s):

Jolene Ziyuan Lim ◽

Alexiaa Sim ◽

Pui Wah Kong

Keyword(s):

Heart Rate ◽

Inertial Sensors ◽

Wearable Devices ◽

Field Hockey ◽

Heart Rate Monitors ◽

Search Terms ◽

Physiological Demands ◽

And Performance ◽

Future Work ◽

Skin Temperatures

The aim of this review is to investigate the common wearable devices currently used in field hockey competitions, and to understand the hockey-specific parameters these devices measure. A systematic search was conducted by using three electronic databases and search terms that included field hockey, wearables, accelerometers, inertial sensors, global positioning system (GPS), heart rate monitors, load, performance analysis, player activity profiles, and competitions from the earliest record. The review included 39 studies that used wearable devices during competitions. GPS units were found to be the most common wearable in elite field hockey competitions, followed by heart rate monitors. Wearables in field hockey are mostly used to measure player activity profiles and physiological demands. Inconsistencies in sampling rates and performance bands make comparisons between studies challenging. Nonetheless, this review demonstrated that wearable devices are being used for various applications in field hockey. Researchers, engineers, coaches, and sport scientists can consider using GPS units of higher sampling rates, as well as including additional variables such as skin temperatures and injury associations, to provide a more thorough evaluation of players’ physical and physiological performances. Future work should include goalkeepers and non-elite players who are less studied in the current literature.

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Skeletal Muscle Metabolomic Responses to Endurance and Resistance Training in Rats under Chronic Unpredictable Mild Stress

International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health ◽

10.3390/ijerph18041645 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 18 (4) ◽

pp. 1645

Author(s):

Xiangyu Liu ◽

Xiong Xue ◽

Junsheng Tian ◽

Xuemei Qin ◽

Shi Zhou ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Resistance Exercise ◽

Endurance Exercise ◽

Field Tests ◽

Treadmill Running ◽

Control Group ◽

Mild Stress ◽

Chronic Unpredictable Mild Stress ◽

Sprague Dawley ◽

Exercise Interventions ◽

Sprague Dawley Rats

The objectives of this study were to compare the antidepressant effects between endurance and resistance exercise for optimizing interventions and examine the metabolomic changes in different types of skeletal muscles in response to the exercise, using a rat model of chronic unpredictable mild stress (CUMS)-induced depression. There were 32 male Sprague-Dawley rats randomly divided into a control group (C) and 3 experimental groups: CUMS control (D), endurance exercise (E), and resistance exercise (R). Group E underwent 30 min treadmill running, and group R performed 8 rounds of ladder climbing, 5 sessions per week for 4 weeks. Body weight, sucrose preference, and open field tests were performed pre and post the intervention period for changes in depressant symptoms, and the gastrocnemius and soleus muscles were sampled after the intervention for metabolomic analysis using the 1H-NMR technique. The results showed that both types of exercise effectively improved the depression-like symptoms, and the endurance exercise appeared to have a better effect. The levels of 10 metabolites from the gastrocnemius and 13 metabolites from the soleus of group D were found to be significantly different from that of group C, and both types of exercise had a callback effect on these metabolites, indicating that a number of metabolic pathways were involved in the depression and responded to the exercise interventions.

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Inertial Sensors and Inertial Measurement Units

Pedestrian Inertial Navigation with Self‐Contained Aiding ◽

10.1002/9781119699910.ch2 ◽

2021 ◽

pp. 17-36

Keyword(s):

Inertial Sensors ◽

Inertial Measurement Units ◽

Inertial Measurement ◽

Measurement Units

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