Results of ISI Implementation in Uzbekistan (in The Example of Uzbek Automotive Industry): Achievements and Negative Outcomes

2021 ◽  
Vol 1 (3) ◽  
pp. 214-225
Author(s):  
Ziyodulla Nurov ◽  
Gulnora Nurova
Keyword(s):  
Automotive Industry ◽  
Automobile Industry ◽  
Market Access ◽  
Multinational Enterprise ◽  
Consumer Welfare ◽  
Positive Outcomes ◽  
Negative Outcomes ◽  
Trade Restrictions ◽  
Negative Results ◽  
Industrialization Policy

Since independence, policymakers have tried to set trade restrictions. As a result, the Uzbek economy has gained some positive outcomes and experienced difficulties relating to this policy as well. In this regard, the article presents how ISI (Import-Substituting Industrialization) policy caused the appearance of at least one multinational enterprise for the production of cars and components in the Uzbek automobile industry, as well as a comfortable entrepreneur environment for local firms and other privileges of ISI policy to some extent.  Moreover, the article shows negatives of ISI, as well. As advocated in many studies, ISI policy causes some negative results, such as restrictions on market access, weak competitive environment, consumer welfare problems, and so on. Key words. Import-Substituting Industrialization, Policy implementation, Negative outcomes, Positive outcomes, Uzbek automotive industry.

Reality Negotiation

2009 ◽  
pp. 474-482
Author(s):  
Raymond L. Higgins ◽  
Matthew W. Gallagher
Keyword(s):  
Social Support ◽  
Individual Differences ◽  
Positive Psychology ◽  
Social Constructionist ◽  
Positive Outcomes ◽  
Negative Outcomes ◽  
Negotiation Research ◽  
The Social ◽  
Coping Processes

This chapter presents an overview of the development and status of the reality negotiation construct and relates it to a variety of coping processes. The reality negotiation construct follows from the social constructionist tradition and first appeared in discussions of how excuses protect self-images by decreasing the causal linkage to negative outcomes. The reality negotiation construct was later expanded to include a discussion of how the process of hoping may be used to increase perceived linkage to positive outcomes. In the two decades since these constructs were first introduced, four individual differences measures have been developed, and the effects of these reality negotiation techniques have been studied extensively. Reality negotiation techniques can be both maladaptive and adaptive and have been shown to be associated with coping and social support in a variety of populations. The chapter concludes by highlighting a few areas in which reality negotiation research could expand to further its relevance and applicability to the field of positive psychology.

scholarly journals Intention-Outcome Asymmetry Effect

2019 ◽  
Author(s):  
Arunima Sarin ◽  
David Lagnado ◽  
Paul Burgess
Keyword(s):  
Moral Judgment ◽  
Moral Agent ◽  
Positive Outcomes ◽  
Negative Outcomes ◽  
Asymmetry Effect

Knowledge of intention and outcome is integral to making judgments of responsibility, blame, and causality. Yet, little is known about the effect of conflicting intentions and outcomes on these judgments. In a series of four experiments, we combine good and bad intentions with positive and negative outcomes, presenting these through everyday moral scenarios. Our results demonstrate an asymmetry in responsibility, causality, and blame judgments for the two incongruent conditions: well-intentioned agents are regarded more morally and causally responsible for negative outcomes than ill-intentioned agents are held for positive outcomes. This novel effect of an intention-outcome asymmetry identifies an unexplored aspect of moral judgment and is partially explained by extra inferences that participants make about the actions of the moral agent.

scholarly journals THE EMERGENCE OF THE AUTOMOTIVE INDUSTRY IN CHINA

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Olga Krause ◽  
◽  
Nadiya Golda ◽  
Iryna Pinyak ◽  
◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Automotive Industry ◽  
Automobile Industry ◽  
Economies Of Scale ◽  
Joint Venture ◽  
Developed Countries ◽  
Engineering Industry ◽  
General Motors ◽  
Small Range ◽  
Foreign Companies ◽  
Car Market

The engineering industry, including the automotive industry, belongs to the strategic branches of the country’s economy and to a large extent determines the level of development. The Chinese automobile industry dates back to 1953, and the first automobile factory, the First Automobile Works (FAW), was started in Beijing. Over the next few years, several more car factories were established in Nanjing, Khanhai, Jinan and Beijing. The requirements of funds, technologies and automotive modernization stimulated the attraction of external investment. A number of restrictive measures have been adopted to curb external competition, reduce car imports and attract innovative technologies, including high tariff and non-tariff barriers, screening, and restrictions on foreign capital, Limiting market share to foreign companies. When signing the joint-venture agreement, the Chinese side insisted on technology transfer and subordination to the Chinese leadership. Volkswagen first built a car factory in China. Today almost every progressive car company is represented in the Chinese car market, such as Mercedes-Bens, Ford, General Motors, Suzuki, Daihatsu, Honda, Subaru, Citreon, Toyota. Most of them have partnerships with one of China’s top three car manufacturers. American, European, and Japanese automakers see China as a promising market as demand for vehicles in the US and Europe shrinks. To the Chinese automobile market, the cars are made according to the requirements of the local consumer – conservative, with high-quality design, low and middle price segment. Since 2009, foreign automobile companies have accounted for 85% of the Chinese car market. About 60% of the cars sold in China are locally produced. However, China’s automobile industry is highly fragmented and mostly consists of small companies that produce a small range of components. Such production is labour-intensive with relatively low use of advanced technologies compared to car manufacturers in developed countries, often lacking economies of scale. Research expenditure accounts for a large part of the expenditure structure. Most companies produce low-tech parts with significant import presence.

E-Business in India

2011 ◽  
pp. 392-410
Author(s):  
Rajeev Dwivedi ◽  
Sushil ◽  
Sushil ◽  
K. Momaya
Keyword(s):  
Information Technology ◽  
Automotive Industry ◽  
Automobile Industry ◽  
Information Society ◽  
Manufacturing Industry ◽  
Recent Change ◽  
Flexible Systems ◽  
Business Transformation ◽  
Doing Business ◽  
Brick And Mortar

Business and industries have faced several changes from the agriculture society to information society. The recent change is due to Information Technology (IT) affecting many businesses and industries. It is changing the nature of business from the traditional way of doing business. The complete change in traditional business is due to IT. This is known as e-business transformation. The Indian manufacturing industry is undergoing this IT-enabled change and is still under process of click and brick system. Indian automobile companies are stressing the importance of e-business in the domestic automotive industry. The main aim of the chapter is to explain how the manufacturing and especially the automobile industry business has changed from traditional brick and mortar business to click and brick e-business. This chapter provides a study of e-business transformation in manufacturing industry in India using Flexible Systems (SAP-LAP) Methodology. The SAP-LAP stands for Situation-Actors-Process and Learning-Action-Performance. This methodology helps for understanding systematic nature of e-business transformation. The explanation of stakeholder flexibility due to e-business transformation is Industry will be explained.

scholarly journals A new customization model for enterprises based on improved framework of customer to business: A case study in automobile industry

2019 ◽  
Vol 11 (3) ◽  
pp. 168781401983388
Author(s):  
Xianyu Zhang ◽  
Xinguo Ming ◽  
Zhiwen Liu ◽  
Maokuan Zheng ◽  
Yuanju Qu
Keyword(s):  
Automotive Industry ◽  
Automobile Industry ◽  
Implementation Process ◽  
Living Standards ◽  
Production Model ◽  
Enterprise Strategy ◽  
Model Driven ◽  
Customer Model ◽  
Collaborative Platform

With the continuous improvement of living standards, customers are gradually pursuing products which are individualization, entertainment, and scene. The production model of the enterprise has changed from the traditional inventory model to the manufacturing model driven by the customer orders. By analyzing the evolution process of customer to business, we get the overall framework of customer to business based on customer platform-connecting manufactory platform-connecting service. A case study in the automotive industry is introduced, which takes customer to business as the implementation of enterprise strategy. The detailed implementation process is discussed from the four aspects of open and networked demand for personalized customer (C), open and networked manufacturing (M), open and networked service (S), open and networked collaborative platform (P). The objective of this article is to provide general references for enterprises to change from traditional business-to-customer model to open and interconnected customization model by combining the improved customer-to-business framework and its application in automotive industry. The framework we put forward has achieved good results in related customer-to-business projects we participated in. The research results of this article can be used as a reference for enterprises to design, set, and carry out the model of customer to business.

Microstructural and Mechanical Characterization of Gray Cast Iron and AlSi Alloy after Laser Beam Hardening

2010 ◽  
Vol 638-642 ◽  
pp. 769-774 ◽  
Author(s):  
Waldemar Alfredo Monteiro ◽  
E.M.R. Silva ◽  
L.V. Silva ◽  
W. de Rossi ◽  
S.J. Buso
Keyword(s):  
Wear Resistance ◽  
Laser Beam ◽  
Automotive Industry ◽  
Automobile Industry ◽  
Gray Iron ◽  
Beam Hardening ◽  
Localized Source ◽  
Alsi Alloy ◽  
Hardening Treatment

A localized source of heat, such as that of laser beam, can provide a convenient means of producing a surface layer of altered microstructure. By using surface hardening treatment, wear resistance can be increased. Experiments were performed using a Nd:YAG pulsed laser under different processing conditions. Scanning electron microscopy (SEM), energy dispersive spectroscopy (EDS) and X-ray mapping (SEM) were employed to observe the effect of laser melting treatment on the microstructural properties of the samples. Depending on the selected laser treatment working conditions, different microstructures characteristics of surface melting can be achieved in the treated zone. Higher microhardness values were found at the treated area showing a superficial hardening of the sample and, consequently, an improvement of the wear resistance of these automotive alloys. The aim of this work is to find the optimal process parameters and to evaluate the characteristics of the laser superficial hardening (LSH) in a pearlitic gray iron and Al-Si alloy used in an automobile industry (bearing and piston materials in automotive industry).

Predictors of Job Stress Among Southern Correctional Staff

2019 ◽  
Vol 31 (2) ◽  
pp. 309-331 ◽  
Author(s):  
Eric G. Lambert ◽  
Linda D. Keena ◽  
Stacy H. Haynes ◽  
David May ◽  
Matthew C. Leone
Keyword(s):  
Job Stress ◽  
Statistical Significance ◽  
Job Demands ◽  
Ordinary Least Squares ◽  
Specific Work ◽  
Positive Outcomes ◽  
Correctional Staff ◽  
Negative Outcomes ◽  
Fear Of Victimization ◽  
Positive Effects

Job stress is a problem in corrections. Although the very nature of correctional work is stressful, workplace variables also contribute to correctional staff job stress. The job demands-resource model holds that job demands increase negative outcomes (e.g., job stress) and decrease positive outcomes (e.g., job satisfaction), whereas job resources help increase positive outcomes and decrease negative outcomes. An ordinary least squares regression analysis of self-reported survey data from 322 staff at a Southern prison indicated that input into decision-making and quality supervision had statistically significant negative effects on job stress, whereas role overload and fear of victimization had significant positive effects. Instrumental communication, views of training, and role clarity all had nonsignificant associations with stress from the job in the multivariate analysis. The results partially supported the job demands-resources model; however, the specific work environment variables varied in terms of their statistical significance. Correctional administrators need to be aware of the contribution that workplace variables have on job stress and make changes to reduce staff job stress.

Maruti’s Nexa – enhancing customer experience beyond buying

2020 ◽  
Vol 16 (4) ◽  
pp. 497-512
Author(s):  
Arun Kumar Kaushik ◽  
Geetha Mohan
Keyword(s):  
Automotive Industry ◽  
Automobile Industry ◽  
Secondary Data ◽  
Master's Level ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Distribution Management ◽  
Academic Level ◽  
Recent Developments ◽  
Store Environment

Research methodology The case collates secondary data pertaining to Maruti’s current position, Nexa, the premium retail sales channel of Maruti, and recent developments in the Indian automobile industry. It presents the facts and data published on websites, newspapers and magazines in the form of a case study. Case overview/synopsis Nexa was launched by Maruti in 2015 to enhance the buying experience of its premium customers and to re-position itself as a premium brand. It started offering customized services to car purchasers through its well-trained employees, attractive store environment and omni channel experience. Through all these facilities, though Nexa had a bumpy ride for selling its first product, it managed to pace up and perform better in the next few years. It remained to be seen how Maruti would handle competitor and cost challenges and how it would strategize its efforts to strengthen its footprint in the Indian automotive industry. Complexity academic level This case can be used in retail management, sales and distribution management, marketing management and related courses/modules at the master’s level.

Innovation in Field of Automatic Identification by Selected Components in the Automobile Industry

2015 ◽  
Vol 803 ◽  
pp. 223-230
Author(s):  
Peter Kolarovszki ◽  
Jiří Tengler
Keyword(s):  
Radio Frequency ◽  
Automotive Industry ◽  
Automobile Industry ◽  
Radio Frequency Identification ◽  
Special Section ◽  
Automatic Identification ◽  
Rfid Tags ◽  
Technical Equipment ◽  
Real Condition ◽  
Frequency Identification

Article provides research in field of automatic identification by selected components through radio-frequency identification technology (RFID) in conjunction with automotive industry. The ambition of our research was to achieve 100 % readability of RFID tags placed on selected component. Measurements were done at company providing signal lights for automotive industry and all results had been measured in real condition. A special section is dedicated to description of the technical equipment, used during measurements as well as their results from MySQL database.

scholarly journals Black economic empowerment in the Eastern Cape automotive industry: Challenges and policies

2014 ◽  
Vol 10 (4) ◽  
pp. 490-503
Author(s):  
GS Horn
Keyword(s):  
South Africa ◽  
South African ◽  
Automotive Industry ◽  
Automobile Industry ◽  
Economic Empowerment ◽  
Eastern Cape ◽  
The South ◽  
Business Skills ◽  
Black Economic ◽  
Black Economic Empowerment

Original Equipment Manufacturers (OEMs) in South Africa are under pressure to meet the Black Economic Empowerment (BEE) policies and charters of the South African government by giving BEE suppliers additional opportunities to tender. However, many BEE suppliers, due to being historically disadvantaged, experience various problems which make it difficult for them to win tenders, including lack of finances, opportunities to tender and management and business skills, and problems with quality and capacity. This paper outlines these practical problems experienced by BEE suppliers, the effects of these problems on risk and complexity in the South African automotive industry and policies that address these problems and assist BEE suppliers to become A-rated suppliers. Data for the paper was obtained from interviews with: senior employees of the AIDC involved with supplier development training; middle managers of supplier quality and development departments at the three OEMs in the Eastern Cape Province; and BEE and small suppliers identified to undergo AIDC training. The findings of the study are that unless sufficient training is given to BEE and potential BEE suppliers, supply to OEMs will remain in the hands of existing established suppliers and very little transformation will occur within the automobile industry in South Africa.

Sign in / Sign up

Export Citation Format

Share Document