Determinants of Uterine Fibroids Among Married Women Attending Public Hospitals in Lahore, Pakistan

2020 ◽  
pp. 33-37
Author(s):  
OJS Admin
Keyword(s):  
Smooth Muscle ◽  
Reproductive Tract ◽  
Uterine Fibroids ◽  
Married Women ◽  
Female Reproductive Tract ◽  
Public Hospitals ◽  
Benign Tumors

Uterine broids (leiomyomas) are the most common tumors of female reproductive tract; these are the benign tumors of smooth muscle. Fibroids have been reported to occur in up to 70% of women by the age of 50 years.

Mechanical Signaling and Extracellular Matrix in Uterine Fibroids

2017 ◽  
Vol 35 (06) ◽  
pp. 487-493 ◽  
Author(s):  
Saima Rafique ◽  
James Segars ◽  
Phyllis Leppert
Keyword(s):  
Gene Expression ◽  
Extracellular Matrix ◽  
Reproductive Tract ◽  
Critical Role ◽  
Uterine Fibroids ◽  
Female Reproductive Tract ◽  
Benign Tumors ◽  
Mechanical Signaling ◽  
Abnormal Cells ◽  
Fibroid Growth

AbstractFibroids (uterine leiomyomas) are the most common benign tumors of the female reproductive tract. Steroid hormones, growth factors, and cytokines have long been implicated in fibroid growth; however, research suggests that changes in the extracellular matrix and mechanical signaling play a critical role in fibroid growth and differentiation. Studies have shown that growth of fibroids is related to the change in the volume and composition of extracellular matrix with increased deposition of abnormal collagen, glycoproteins, laminins, fibronectins, and an increased osmotic stress. These changes generate mechanical stress which is converted to chemical signals in the cells through mechanotransduction and eventually affects gene expression and protein synthesis. Current studies also suggest that mechanical signaling in fibroid cells is abnormal as evidenced by decreased apoptosis of abnormal cells and deposition of a stiff extracellular matrix promoting fibrosis. Understanding and defining these mechanisms could help design new therapies for the treatment of fibroids.

scholarly journals 5-Hydroxymethylcytosine Promotes Proliferation of Human Uterine Leiomyoma: A Biological Link to a New Epigenetic Modification in Benign Tumors

2014 ◽  
Vol 99 (11) ◽  
pp. E2437-E2445 ◽  
Author(s):  
Antonia Navarro ◽  
Ping Yin ◽  
Masanori Ono ◽  
Diana Monsivais ◽  
Molly B. Moravek ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Cell Proliferation ◽  
Uterine Leiomyoma ◽  
Reproductive Tract ◽  
Enzyme Inhibitor ◽  
Malignant Tumors ◽  
Epigenetic Modification ◽  
Uterine Fibroids ◽  
Female Reproductive Tract ◽  
Immunofluorescent Staining ◽  
Benign Tumors

Context: Uterine leiomyoma, or fibroids, represent the most common benign tumors of the female reproductive tract. A newly discovered epigenetic modification, 5-hydroxymethylation (5-hmC), and its regulators, the TET (Ten Eleven Translocation) enzymes, were implicated in the pathology of malignant tumors; however, their roles in benign tumors, including uterine fibroids, remain unknown. Objective: To determine the role of 5-hmC and TET proteins in the pathogenesis of leiomyoma using human uterine leiomyoma and normal matched myometrial tissues and primary cells. Design: 5-hmC levels were determined by ELISA and immunofluorescent staining in matched myometrial and leiomyoma tissues. TET expression was analyzed by quantitative RT-PCR and immunoblotting. TET1 or TET3 were silenced or inhibited by small interfering RNA or 2-hydroxyglutarate to study their effects on 5-hmC content and cell proliferation. Results: We demonstrated significantly higher 5-hmC levels in the genomic DNA of leiomyoma tissue compared to normal myometrial tissue. The increase in 5-hmC levels was associated with the up-regulation of TET1 or TET3 mRNA and protein expression in leiomyoma tissue. TET1 or TET3 knockdown significantly reduced 5-hmC levels in leiomyoma cells and decreased cell proliferation. Treatment with 2-hydroxyglutarate, a competitive TET enzyme inhibitor, significantly decreased both 5-hmC content and cell proliferation of leiomyoma cells. Conclusion: An epigenetic imbalance in the 5-hmC content of leiomyoma tissue, caused by up-regulation of the TET1 and TET3 enzymes, might lead to discovery of new therapeutic targets in leiomyoma.

scholarly journals A study to correlate association between vitamin D with fibroid and its supplementation in the progression of the disease

2020 ◽  
Vol 9 (4) ◽  
pp. 1477
Author(s):  
Somila Xess ◽  
Jaiprakash Sahu
Keyword(s):  
Vitamin D ◽  
Reproductive Tract ◽  
Uterine Fibroids ◽  
Hypovitaminosis D ◽  
Vitamin D Supplementation ◽  
Female Reproductive Tract ◽  
Benign Tumors ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Study Group ◽  
Increased Risk

Background: Uterine fibroids, or leiomyomas are the most common benign tumors of the female reproductive tract, affecting up to 60% of Indian women with only 25% of women who are symptomatic. Symptoms do not always correlate with the size, number, or location of the fibroids. Recent studies suggest that hypovitaminosis D is associated with an increased risk of uterine fibroids.Methods: Total 110 women diagnosed with fibroid in USG were included in the study. Inclusion and exclusion criteria were applied and size of the fibroid noted. 60 women were included in the study group who took Vitamin D supplementation and 50 women in the control group who didn’t perform the study properly.Results: The growth pattern of fibroids with study group under supplementation with 25-OH-D3 seems to be stable, with no increases or decreases in size or number of identified lesions. Instead, women in control group, who did not perform appropriate vitamin D supplementation seem to have a slight but significant increase in size of the lesions.Conclusions: It was seen that hypovitaminosis D was associated with fibroid and thus supplementation with Vitamin D helped in the shrinkage of fibroid or slower the progression of the disease.

Uterine Fibroids: Bridging Genomic Defects and Chronic Inflammation

2017 ◽  
Vol 35 (06) ◽  
pp. 494-498 ◽  
Author(s):  
Abdeljabar El Andaloussi ◽  
Zuni Chaudhry ◽  
Ayman Al-Hendy ◽  
Nahed Ismail
Keyword(s):  
Reproductive Tract ◽  
Inflammatory Responses ◽  
Current Knowledge ◽  
Uterine Fibroids ◽  
The United States ◽  
Female Reproductive Tract ◽  
Driver Mutations ◽  
Benign Tumors ◽  
Med12 Gene ◽  
Abnormal Vaginal Bleeding

AbstractUterine fibroids (UF; aka leiomyoma, myomas) are the most common benign tumors of female reproductive tract. They are highly prevalent, with 70 to 80% of women burdened by the end of their reproductive years. Fibroids are a leading cause of pelvic pain, abnormal vaginal bleeding, pelvic bulk symptoms, miscarriage, and infertility. They are the leading indication for hysterectomy, and costs exceed 34 billion dollars annually in the United States alone. Recently, somatic mutations in exons 1 and 2 of Med12 gene emerged as common UF driver mutations. Unfortunately, the detailed etiology of UF is not fully realized. Particularly, very little is known about possible dysregulation of inflammatory and immune processes and their possible contribution to UF pathogenesis. The notion on possible impact of altered estrogen and progesterone signaling in UF on inflammatory responses and DNA repair machinery that can conceivably lead to tumor-specific somatic mutation is indeed an intriguing concept which has some foundation in available observation in other hormonally responsive tissues. This review highlights and summarizes our current knowledge on the convergence of such pathways and their relevance for UF pathogenesis.

scholarly journals HEALTHY AND PATHOLOGICAL CHANGES OF MYOMETRIUM: PREGNANT MYOMETRIUM, UTERINE FIBROIDS AND LEIOMYOSARCOMA. Cambios normales y patológicos del miometrio: miometrio del embarazo, fibrosis uterina y leiomiosarcoma

2016 ◽  
Vol 4 (1) ◽  
pp. 7-13
Author(s):  
Pasquapina Ciarmela ◽  
Soriful Islam ◽  
Pasquale Lamanna ◽  
Andrea Tranquilli ◽  
Mario Castellucci
Keyword(s):  
Smooth Muscle ◽  
Uterine Fibroids ◽  
Present Review ◽  
Benign Tumors ◽  
Pathological Changes ◽  
Uterine Smooth Muscle ◽  
Smooth Muscle Tumors ◽  
In Pregnancy

El miometrio, la pared muscular del útero, puede modificar su misma masa y las propiedades celulares en el embarazo y también en los tumores como el leiomioma y el leiomiosarcoma. El leiomioma, dicho también fibroma, es un tumor benigno del útero y se considera como  una de las causas más frecuentes de infertilità en el período reproductivo femenino. El leiomiosarcoma, en cambio, es un tumor maligno y agresivo de la musculatura lisa uterina. La presente revisión discute las características generales del leiomioma y el leiomiosarcoma y los relativos tratamientos clínicos actualmente usados y además describe las características del miometrio normal en el embarazo.  The myometrium, the muscular wall of the uterus, can modify its mass and cellular properties in pregnancy as well as in tumor conditions such as leiomyoma and leiomyosarcoma. Leiomyomas, also known as fibroids, are benign tumors of the uterus, considered to be one of the most frequent causes of infertility in reproductive years of women. Leiomyosarcomas in turn, are rare aggressive malignant uterine smooth-muscle tumors. The present review is discussing the general features of leiomyoma and leiomyosarcoma with their current treatments and also discussing the characteristics of normal pregnant myometrium and compare with leiomyoma.

scholarly journals Chlamydia muridarum infection differentially changes smooth muscle contractility and responses to prostaglandins in uterus and cervix

2018 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jia Ming Lee ◽  
Jemma R. Mayall ◽  
Anne Chevalier ◽  
Dirk Van Helden ◽  
Jay C. Horvat ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Smooth Muscle ◽  
Mrna Expression ◽  
Reproductive Tract ◽  
Uterine Horn ◽  
Female Reproductive Tract ◽  
Muscle Contractility ◽  
Smooth Muscle Contractility ◽  
Contraction Amplitude ◽  
Chlamydia Muridarum ◽  
Reproductive Tract Infection

AbstractChlamydia trachomatis infection is a primary cause of reproductive tract diseases including chronic pelvic pain and infertility. Previous studies showed that this infection alters physiological activities in mouse oviducts. Whether this occurs in the uterus and cervix has never been investigated. This study characterized the physiological activity of the uterus and the cervix in a Chlamydia muridarum (Cmu) mouse model of reproductive tract infection. Uterine or cervix smooth muscle contractility, responses to oxytocin or prostaglandins (PGF2α and PGE2) and mRNA expression of oxytocin and PG receptors were assessed 14 days post infection. Cmu infection did not affect the contractions of the uterine horn but significantly decreased the contraction amplitude of the cervix. Cmu infection did not alter the responses of uterine horn or cervix to oxytocin, however PGF2α induced contractions of the uterine horn, but not the cervix, were significantly increased following Cmu infection. PGE2 contraction amplitude in both the uterine horn and cervix was unaffected by Cmu infection. An upregulation of Ptgfr and a down-regulation of Ptegr4 mRNA expression was observed in the uterine horn following Cmu infection. These results indicate that Cmu infection alters contractility and prostaglandin signalling in the female reproductive tract but the effects are localised to specific regions.

Simvastatin inhibits Wnt/β-catenin pathway in uterine leiomyoma

Endocrinology ◽  
2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Malak El Sabeh ◽  
Subbroto Kumar Saha ◽  
Sadia Afrin ◽  
Mostafa A Borahay
Keyword(s):  
Uterine Leiomyoma ◽  
Reproductive Tract ◽  
Controlled Trial ◽  
Active Form ◽  
Cell Types ◽  
Female Reproductive Tract ◽  
Benign Tumors ◽  
Therapeutic Effects

Abstract The Wnt/β-catenin pathway is upregulated in uterine leiomyomas, the most common benign tumors in the female reproductive tract. Simvastatin is an anti-hyperlipidemic drug, and previous in vitro and in vivo reports showed it may have therapeutic effects in treating leiomyomas. The objective of this study is to examine the effects of simvastatin on the Wnt/β-catenin signaling pathway in leiomyoma. We treated primary and immortalized human leiomyoma cells with simvastatin and examined its effects using RT-qPCR, Western Blotting, and immunocytochemistry. We also examined the effects using human leiomyoma tissues from an ongoing, randomized controlled trial where women with symptomatic leiomyoma received simvastatin (40mg) or placebo for 3 months prior to their surgery. The results of this study reveal that simvastatin significantly reduced the expression of Wnt4 and its co-receptor LRP5. After simvastatin treatment, levels of total β-catenin and its active form, non-phosphorylated β-catenin, were reduced in both cell types. Additionally, simvastatin reduced the expression of Wnt4 and total β-catenin, as well as non-phosphorylated β-catenin protein expression in response to estrogen and progesterone. Simvastatin also inhibited the expression of c-Myc, a downstream target of the Wnt/β-catenin pathway. The effect of simvastatin on non-phosphorylated-β-catenin, the key regulator of the Wnt/β-catenin pathway, was recapitulated in human leiomyoma tissue. These results suggest that simvastatin may have a beneficial effect on uterine leiomyoma through suppressing the overactive Wnt/β-catenin pathway.

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